Evaluación del escurrimiento y pérdida de suelo en agroecosistemas de café
A field experiment was conducted to evaluate soil loss in three agroecosystems of coffee plantations (Coffea arabica) located on a mountain farm (slopes: 35-42 percent) inside of the microwatershed Quebrada de Ramos subwatershed of the Castan River, Trujillo State, Venezuela. The evaluated agrosystems were: coffee with arboreal shade (CA), coffee with fruit trees (CN) and coffee without shade (CS). Soil loss and runoff were measured in erosion plots for a period of three consecutive years (1995-1997). The process of water erosion were followed up to determine their importance. The annual average precipitation during the period of observation was 1012 mm with an erosivity index of 6429 Mj*mm ha-1*h-1. The soil losses in increasing order were: CA (0.34 tonnes ha-1), CS (0.42 tonnes ha-1) and CN (0.77 tonnes ha-1). These results evidence that the combination of coffee with shade trees (CA) is the most efficient subsystem to avoid water erosion. Soil losses were affected by the amount of rain, the protection of vegetal cover and mulch, and the agronomic management and harvest practices which cause soil and vegetal cover perturbations.
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| Format: | biblioteca |
| Published: |
2001
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| Subjects: | COFFEA ARABICA, AGROFORESTERIA, CAFE, EROSION, PERDIDAS DESDE SUELOS, ESCORRENTIA, EROSION POR EL AGUA, |
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