Bud dormancy in apple trees after thermal fluctuations
The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of heat waves on the evolution of bud dormancy, in apple trees with contrasting chilling requirements. Twigs of 'Castel Gala' and 'Royal Gala' were collected in orchards in Papanduva, state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, and were exposed to constant (3°C) or alternating (3 and 15°C for 12/12 hours) temperature, combined with zero, one or two days a week at 25°C. Two additional treatments were evaluated: constant temperature (3°C), with a heat wave of seven days at 25°C, in the beginning or in the middle of the experimental period. Periodically, part of the twigs was transferred to 25°C for daily budburst evaluation of apical and lateral buds. Endodormancy (dormancy induced by cold) was overcome with less than 330 chilling hours (CH) of constant cold in 'Castel Gala' and less than 618 CH in 'Royal Gala'. A daily 15°C‑temperature cycle did not affect the endodormancy process. Heat waves during endodormancy resulted in an increased CH to achieve bud requirements. The negative effect of high temperature depended on the lasting of this condition. Chilling was partly cancelled during dormancy when the heat wave lasted 36 continuous hours or more. Therefore, budburst prediction models need adjustments, mainly for regions with mild and irregular winters, such as those of Southern Brazil.
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Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira
2014
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rev-pab-br-article-190872014-07-31T14:58:27Z Bud dormancy in apple trees after thermal fluctuations Dormência de gemas em macieira após flutuações térmicas Anzanello, Rafael Fialho, Flávio Bello Santos, Henrique Pessoa dos Bergamaschi, Homero Marodin, Gilmar Arduino Bettio Malus domestica; budburst; chilling hours; climate change; dormancy models; endodormancy Malus domestica; brotação; horas de frio; mudanças climáticas; modelos de dormência; endodormência The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of heat waves on the evolution of bud dormancy, in apple trees with contrasting chilling requirements. Twigs of 'Castel Gala' and 'Royal Gala' were collected in orchards in Papanduva, state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, and were exposed to constant (3°C) or alternating (3 and 15°C for 12/12 hours) temperature, combined with zero, one or two days a week at 25°C. Two additional treatments were evaluated: constant temperature (3°C), with a heat wave of seven days at 25°C, in the beginning or in the middle of the experimental period. Periodically, part of the twigs was transferred to 25°C for daily budburst evaluation of apical and lateral buds. Endodormancy (dormancy induced by cold) was overcome with less than 330 chilling hours (CH) of constant cold in 'Castel Gala' and less than 618 CH in 'Royal Gala'. A daily 15°C‑temperature cycle did not affect the endodormancy process. Heat waves during endodormancy resulted in an increased CH to achieve bud requirements. The negative effect of high temperature depended on the lasting of this condition. Chilling was partly cancelled during dormancy when the heat wave lasted 36 continuous hours or more. Therefore, budburst prediction models need adjustments, mainly for regions with mild and irregular winters, such as those of Southern Brazil. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de ondas de calor sobre a evolução da dormência de gemas de macieiras com necessidades contrastantes de frio hibernal. Brindilas de macieiras 'Castel Gala' e 'Royal Gala' foram coletadas de pomares em Papanduva, SC, e expostas à temperatura constante (3°C) ou alternada (3 e 15°C, por 12/12 horas), combinadas com zero, um ou dois dias por semana a 25°C. Dois outros tratamentos foram avaliados: temperatura constante (3°C), com onda de calor de sete dias a 25°C, no início ou no meio do período experimental. Periodicamente, parte das brindilas era transferida para 25°C, para avaliação da brotação das gemas apicais e laterais. A endodormência (dormência induzida pelo frio) foi superada com menos de 330 horas de resfriamento (HF) constante em 'Castel Gala' e menos de 618 HF em 'Royal Gala'. Um ciclo diário de temperatura a 15°C não afetou o processo de endodormência. Ondas de calor de 25°C durante a endodormência resultaram em aumento de HF para atender à necessidade das gemas. O efeito negativo da alta temperatura dependeu da duração desta condição. O resfriamento foi parcialmente anulado durante a dormência, quando a onda de calor durou 36 horas contínuas ou mais. Portanto, os modelos de predição da brotação necessitam de ajustes, principalmente para regiões com invernos amenos e irregulares, como os do Sul do Brasil. Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 2014-07-30 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://seer.sct.embrapa.br/index.php/pab/article/view/19087 Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira; v.49, n.6, jun. 2014; 457-464 Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira; v.49, n.6, jun. 2014; 457-464 1678-3921 0100-104x eng https://seer.sct.embrapa.br/index.php/pab/article/view/19087/12695 https://seer.sct.embrapa.br/index.php/pab/article/downloadSuppFile/19087/11454 |
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Anzanello, Rafael Fialho, Flávio Bello Santos, Henrique Pessoa dos Bergamaschi, Homero Marodin, Gilmar Arduino Bettio |
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Anzanello, Rafael Fialho, Flávio Bello Santos, Henrique Pessoa dos Bergamaschi, Homero Marodin, Gilmar Arduino Bettio Bud dormancy in apple trees after thermal fluctuations |
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Anzanello, Rafael Fialho, Flávio Bello Santos, Henrique Pessoa dos Bergamaschi, Homero Marodin, Gilmar Arduino Bettio |
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Anzanello, Rafael |
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Bud dormancy in apple trees after thermal fluctuations |
| title_short |
Bud dormancy in apple trees after thermal fluctuations |
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Bud dormancy in apple trees after thermal fluctuations |
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Bud dormancy in apple trees after thermal fluctuations |
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Bud dormancy in apple trees after thermal fluctuations |
| title_sort |
bud dormancy in apple trees after thermal fluctuations |
| description |
The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of heat waves on the evolution of bud dormancy, in apple trees with contrasting chilling requirements. Twigs of 'Castel Gala' and 'Royal Gala' were collected in orchards in Papanduva, state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, and were exposed to constant (3°C) or alternating (3 and 15°C for 12/12 hours) temperature, combined with zero, one or two days a week at 25°C. Two additional treatments were evaluated: constant temperature (3°C), with a heat wave of seven days at 25°C, in the beginning or in the middle of the experimental period. Periodically, part of the twigs was transferred to 25°C for daily budburst evaluation of apical and lateral buds. Endodormancy (dormancy induced by cold) was overcome with less than 330 chilling hours (CH) of constant cold in 'Castel Gala' and less than 618 CH in 'Royal Gala'. A daily 15°C‑temperature cycle did not affect the endodormancy process. Heat waves during endodormancy resulted in an increased CH to achieve bud requirements. The negative effect of high temperature depended on the lasting of this condition. Chilling was partly cancelled during dormancy when the heat wave lasted 36 continuous hours or more. Therefore, budburst prediction models need adjustments, mainly for regions with mild and irregular winters, such as those of Southern Brazil. |
| publisher |
Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira |
| publishDate |
2014 |
| url |
https://seer.sct.embrapa.br/index.php/pab/article/view/19087 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
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