Spatial structure and scale-dependent microhabitat use of endemic “tapaculos” (Rhinocryptidae) in a temperate forest of southern South America
Endemic tapaculo birds (Rhinocryptidae) are biological indicators of habitat degradation in the temperate forest of southern South America, but little is known about the physiognomical features that determine the use of space in natural habitats. We studied the spatial structure and the microhabitat use at different spatial scales of species of tapaculos in a well-conserved forest of NW Patagonia (Argentina). We recorded the abundance of tapaculos and forest characteristics along a 1500 m transect divided in 75, 20 x 20 m contiguous plots. We evaluated the spatial patchiness in abundance of birds by Moran’s I correlograms. We disentangled the spatial variability of bird abundance at three different, progressively finer (broad, intermediate, fine), spatial scales by using Principal Coordinates of Neighbour Matrices analysis (PCNM). We assessed the microhabitat use of each bird species with stepwise regression analyses using habitat physiognomical features as independent variables and bird abundance predicted by PCNM at each spatial scale as dependent variables. The clumps of Scelorchilus rubecula were smaller and more regularly distributed than those of Pteroptochos tarnii. The PCNM analysis detected significant spatial variation at the different scales for both bird species. Microhabitat use was only evident at the broadest spatial scale, but differed between bird species. Scelorchilus rubecula used areas with higher tree cover and woody plant volume but lower abundance of fallen branches, whereas P. tarnii was found mostly in areas of higher abundance of branches but lower woody plant volume and plant species richness. The differences between bird species in the use of space can also be interpreted in terms of differences in body size, family system and feeding behaviour. The management of this temperate forest needs to consider the scale- and species-specific response of endemic tapaculos to habitat features in order to predict their response to the changes in heterogeneity that operate at different spatial scales and are driven by different degradation processes.
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Asociación Argentina de Ecología
2008
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Amico, Guillermo C. García, Daniel Rodríguez-Cabal, Mariano A. |
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Amico, Guillermo C. García, Daniel Rodríguez-Cabal, Mariano A. Spatial structure and scale-dependent microhabitat use of endemic “tapaculos” (Rhinocryptidae) in a temperate forest of southern South America |
| author_facet |
Amico, Guillermo C. García, Daniel Rodríguez-Cabal, Mariano A. |
| author_sort |
Amico, Guillermo C. |
| title |
Spatial structure and scale-dependent microhabitat use of endemic “tapaculos” (Rhinocryptidae) in a temperate forest of southern South America |
| title_short |
Spatial structure and scale-dependent microhabitat use of endemic “tapaculos” (Rhinocryptidae) in a temperate forest of southern South America |
| title_full |
Spatial structure and scale-dependent microhabitat use of endemic “tapaculos” (Rhinocryptidae) in a temperate forest of southern South America |
| title_fullStr |
Spatial structure and scale-dependent microhabitat use of endemic “tapaculos” (Rhinocryptidae) in a temperate forest of southern South America |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Spatial structure and scale-dependent microhabitat use of endemic “tapaculos” (Rhinocryptidae) in a temperate forest of southern South America |
| title_sort |
spatial structure and scale-dependent microhabitat use of endemic “tapaculos” (rhinocryptidae) in a temperate forest of southern south america |
| description |
Endemic tapaculo birds (Rhinocryptidae) are biological indicators of habitat degradation in the temperate forest of southern South America, but little is known about the physiognomical features that determine the use of space in natural habitats. We studied the spatial structure and the microhabitat use at different spatial scales of species of tapaculos in a well-conserved forest of NW Patagonia (Argentina). We recorded the abundance of tapaculos and forest characteristics along a 1500 m transect divided in 75, 20 x 20 m contiguous plots. We evaluated the spatial patchiness in abundance of birds by Moran’s I correlograms. We disentangled the spatial variability of bird abundance at three different, progressively finer (broad, intermediate, fine), spatial scales by using Principal Coordinates of Neighbour Matrices analysis (PCNM). We assessed the microhabitat use of each bird species with stepwise regression analyses using habitat physiognomical features as independent variables and bird abundance predicted by PCNM at each spatial scale as dependent variables. The clumps of Scelorchilus rubecula were smaller and more regularly distributed than those of Pteroptochos tarnii. The PCNM analysis detected significant spatial variation at the different scales for both bird species. Microhabitat use was only evident at the broadest spatial scale, but differed between bird species. Scelorchilus rubecula used areas with higher tree cover and woody plant volume but lower abundance of fallen branches, whereas P. tarnii was found mostly in areas of higher abundance of branches but lower woody plant volume and plant species richness. The differences between bird species in the use of space can also be interpreted in terms of differences in body size, family system and feeding behaviour. The management of this temperate forest needs to consider the scale- and species-specific response of endemic tapaculos to habitat features in order to predict their response to the changes in heterogeneity that operate at different spatial scales and are driven by different degradation processes. |
| publisher |
Asociación Argentina de Ecología |
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2008 |
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https://ojs.ecologiaaustral.com.ar/index.php/Ecologia_Austral/article/view/1384 |
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rev-ecoaus-article-13842020-11-04T23:03:04Z Spatial structure and scale-dependent microhabitat use of endemic “tapaculos” (Rhinocryptidae) in a temperate forest of southern South America Estructura espacial y uso del microhábitat dependiente de la escala de “tapaculos” (Rhinocryptidae) endémicos en un bosque templado de Sudamérica austral Amico, Guillermo C. García, Daniel Rodríguez-Cabal, Mariano A. understory birds PCNM Pteroptochos tarnii Scelorchilus rubecula spatial patchiness spatial scale aves del sotobosque agregabilidad espacial escala espacial ACPMV Pteroptochos tarnii Scelorchilus rubecula Endemic tapaculo birds (Rhinocryptidae) are biological indicators of habitat degradation in the temperate forest of southern South America, but little is known about the physiognomical features that determine the use of space in natural habitats. We studied the spatial structure and the microhabitat use at different spatial scales of species of tapaculos in a well-conserved forest of NW Patagonia (Argentina). We recorded the abundance of tapaculos and forest characteristics along a 1500 m transect divided in 75, 20 x 20 m contiguous plots. We evaluated the spatial patchiness in abundance of birds by Moran’s I correlograms. We disentangled the spatial variability of bird abundance at three different, progressively finer (broad, intermediate, fine), spatial scales by using Principal Coordinates of Neighbour Matrices analysis (PCNM). We assessed the microhabitat use of each bird species with stepwise regression analyses using habitat physiognomical features as independent variables and bird abundance predicted by PCNM at each spatial scale as dependent variables. The clumps of Scelorchilus rubecula were smaller and more regularly distributed than those of Pteroptochos tarnii. The PCNM analysis detected significant spatial variation at the different scales for both bird species. Microhabitat use was only evident at the broadest spatial scale, but differed between bird species. Scelorchilus rubecula used areas with higher tree cover and woody plant volume but lower abundance of fallen branches, whereas P. tarnii was found mostly in areas of higher abundance of branches but lower woody plant volume and plant species richness. The differences between bird species in the use of space can also be interpreted in terms of differences in body size, family system and feeding behaviour. The management of this temperate forest needs to consider the scale- and species-specific response of endemic tapaculos to habitat features in order to predict their response to the changes in heterogeneity that operate at different spatial scales and are driven by different degradation processes. Los tapaculos (Rhinocryptidae) son aves endémicas del bosque templado de Sudamérica austral, que están siendo usadas como especies indicadoras de la degradación de dicho hábitat. Sin embargo, se sabe poco sobre qué características fisionómicas determinan el uso del espacio en los hábitats naturales. Se estudiaron la estructura espacial y el uso del microhábitat a diferentes escalas espaciales de especies de tapaculos en un bosque poco degradado del noroeste de la Patagonia (Argentina). Registramos la abundancia de tapaculos y las características del microhábitat a lo largo de un transecto de 1500 m dividido en 75 parcelas contiguas de 20 x 20 m. La agregabilidad espacial de la abundancia de aves se evaluó a través de correlogramas de I de Moran. Utilizando Análisis de Coordenadas Principales de Matrices de Vecinos (ACPMV) se segregó la variabilidad espacial de la abundancia de aves en tres escalas diferentes: amplia, intermedia y fina. Además, se evaluó el uso del microhábitat de cada especie de ave con análisis de regresión múltiple usando las características fisonómicas del hábitat como variables independientes y, como variables dependientes, la abundancia de aves predicha por el ACPMV en cada escala espacial considerada. Los agregados espaciales de Scelorchilus rubecula fueron más pequeños y se distribuyeron de forma más regular que los de Pteroptochos tarnii. El análisis de ACPMV detectó variación espacial significativa en la abundancia de aves para ambas especies, a todas las escalas. Las relaciones entre las características del microhábitat y la abundancia de aves fueron sólo patentes a la escala espacial más amplia, y difirieron entre especies. Scelorchilus rubecula escogió áreas con alta cobertura arbórea y alto volumen de plantas leñosas pero con baja abundancia de ramas caídas, mientras que P. tarnii apareció mayoritariamente en áreas de alta abundancia de ramas caídas pero de bajo volumen de plantas leñosas y baja riqueza específica. Las diferencias entre especies en estructura espacial y uso del microhábitat se interpretan también en términos de tamaño corporal, sistema familiar y comportamiento trófico. La gestión y conservación de este bosque templado requiere considerar el grado de especificidad y de dependencia de la escala espacial de la respuesta de los tapaculos a las características del hábitat. De este modo se podrá predecir la respuesta de estas aves a los cambios de heterogeneidad que operen a diferentes escalas espaciales, por ser generados por diferentes procesos de degradación. Asociación Argentina de Ecología 2008-08-01 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículos application/pdf https://ojs.ecologiaaustral.com.ar/index.php/Ecologia_Austral/article/view/1384 Ecología Austral; Vol. 18 No. 2 (2008); 169-180 Ecología Austral; Vol. 18 Núm. 2 (2008); 169-180 0327-5477 1667-7838 eng https://ojs.ecologiaaustral.com.ar/index.php/Ecologia_Austral/article/view/1384/749 Derechos de autor 2020 Ecología Austral |