Flower visitors of Ochroma pyramidale in agroforestry systems with coffee and natural cover in the department of Santander
Ochroma pyramidale (balsa tree) is a native species of ecological and economic importance in Colombia, used in agroforestry systems; its contribution to biodiversity and to visitors of its flowers in different covers is unknown. For this reason, the richness and abundance of balsa flower visitors and their interactions in agroforestry systems and natural coverage in the department of Santander were evaluated through day and night recordings in 414 flowers. In addition, 533 flowers were collected from the ground to identify and quantify the individuals found inside. Two shaded coffee plantations were sampled, near and far from forest fragments and a forest fragment with natural cover. Eighteen bird species, 15 genera and 6 families were recorded; 7 genera of mammals of 3 orders; 7 orders of insects and one Araneae, distributed in 33 families. The shaded coffee plantation had greater abundance and richness of birds and mammals, which increases when there is a greater presence of natural vegetation. There were no individuals inside 44.3% of the soil flowers; the average of individuals killed by flowers was 3.3±0.2, the presence of Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) was 1.7±0.1, it was higher in the shaded coffee plantation away from fragments with 4.3±0.3. Mammals had a higher proportion of legitimate visits to the flower (contact with internal structures), with 86.9%, compared to the total visits of this group. Balsa is a food resource for various organisms, being mammals may be the most efficient group as pollinators because of the number of legitimate visits to the flower. Additionally, the mortality of insects in the balsa tree in coffee plantations with shade away from fragments could indicate a possible ecological imbalance determined by specific characteristics of the landscape.
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Digital revista |
| Language: | spa |
| Published: |
Cenicafé
2022
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| Online Access: | https://publicaciones.cenicafe.org/index.php/cenicafe/article/view/282 |
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