Flower visitors of Ochroma pyramidale in agroforestry systems with coffee and natural cover in the department of Santander
Ochroma pyramidale (balsa tree) is a native species of ecological and economic importance in Colombia, used in agroforestry systems; its contribution to biodiversity and to visitors of its flowers in different covers is unknown. For this reason, the richness and abundance of balsa flower visitors and their interactions in agroforestry systems and natural coverage in the department of Santander were evaluated through day and night recordings in 414 flowers. In addition, 533 flowers were collected from the ground to identify and quantify the individuals found inside. Two shaded coffee plantations were sampled, near and far from forest fragments and a forest fragment with natural cover. Eighteen bird species, 15 genera and 6 families were recorded; 7 genera of mammals of 3 orders; 7 orders of insects and one Araneae, distributed in 33 families. The shaded coffee plantation had greater abundance and richness of birds and mammals, which increases when there is a greater presence of natural vegetation. There were no individuals inside 44.3% of the soil flowers; the average of individuals killed by flowers was 3.3±0.2, the presence of Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) was 1.7±0.1, it was higher in the shaded coffee plantation away from fragments with 4.3±0.3. Mammals had a higher proportion of legitimate visits to the flower (contact with internal structures), with 86.9%, compared to the total visits of this group. Balsa is a food resource for various organisms, being mammals may be the most efficient group as pollinators because of the number of legitimate visits to the flower. Additionally, the mortality of insects in the balsa tree in coffee plantations with shade away from fragments could indicate a possible ecological imbalance determined by specific characteristics of the landscape.
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Cenicafé
2022
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Espinosa, Rocío Gil-Palacio, Zulma Benavides Machado, Pablo |
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Espinosa, Rocío Gil-Palacio, Zulma Benavides Machado, Pablo Flower visitors of Ochroma pyramidale in agroforestry systems with coffee and natural cover in the department of Santander |
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Espinosa, Rocío Gil-Palacio, Zulma Benavides Machado, Pablo |
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Espinosa, Rocío |
| title |
Flower visitors of Ochroma pyramidale in agroforestry systems with coffee and natural cover in the department of Santander |
| title_short |
Flower visitors of Ochroma pyramidale in agroforestry systems with coffee and natural cover in the department of Santander |
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Flower visitors of Ochroma pyramidale in agroforestry systems with coffee and natural cover in the department of Santander |
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Flower visitors of Ochroma pyramidale in agroforestry systems with coffee and natural cover in the department of Santander |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Flower visitors of Ochroma pyramidale in agroforestry systems with coffee and natural cover in the department of Santander |
| title_sort |
flower visitors of ochroma pyramidale in agroforestry systems with coffee and natural cover in the department of santander |
| description |
Ochroma pyramidale (balsa tree) is a native species of ecological and economic importance in Colombia, used in agroforestry systems; its contribution to biodiversity and to visitors of its flowers in different covers is unknown. For this reason, the richness and abundance of balsa flower visitors and their interactions in agroforestry systems and natural coverage in the department of Santander were evaluated through day and night recordings in 414 flowers. In addition, 533 flowers were collected from the ground to identify and quantify the individuals found inside. Two shaded coffee plantations were sampled, near and far from forest fragments and a forest fragment with natural cover. Eighteen bird species, 15 genera and 6 families were recorded; 7 genera of mammals of 3 orders; 7 orders of insects and one Araneae, distributed in 33 families. The shaded coffee plantation had greater abundance and richness of birds and mammals, which increases when there is a greater presence of natural vegetation. There were no individuals inside 44.3% of the soil flowers; the average of individuals killed by flowers was 3.3±0.2, the presence of Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) was 1.7±0.1, it was higher in the shaded coffee plantation away from fragments with 4.3±0.3. Mammals had a higher proportion of legitimate visits to the flower (contact with internal structures), with 86.9%, compared to the total visits of this group. Balsa is a food resource for various organisms, being mammals may be the most efficient group as pollinators because of the number of legitimate visits to the flower. Additionally, the mortality of insects in the balsa tree in coffee plantations with shade away from fragments could indicate a possible ecological imbalance determined by specific characteristics of the landscape. |
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Cenicafé |
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2022 |
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https://publicaciones.cenicafe.org/index.php/cenicafe/article/view/282 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
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rev-cenicafe-co-article-2822023-07-05T16:55:14Z Flower visitors of Ochroma pyramidale in agroforestry systems with coffee and natural cover in the department of Santander Visitantes florales de Ochroma pyramidale en sistemas agroforestales con café y cobertura natural en el departamento de Santander Visitantes florais de Ochroma pyramidale em sistemas agroflorestais com café e cobertura natural no departamento de Santander Espinosa, Rocío Gil-Palacio, Zulma Benavides Machado, Pablo Apis mellifera balso negro biodiversidad Coffea arabica conservación estudio multi-taxa especies nativas Cenicafé Colombia Apis mellifera biodiversity Coffea arabica conservation multi-taxa study native species Cenicafé Colombia Apis mellifera Ochroma pyramidale biodiversidade Coffea arabica conservação estudo multitaxa espécies nativas Cenicafé Colombia Ochroma pyramidale (balsa tree) is a native species of ecological and economic importance in Colombia, used in agroforestry systems; its contribution to biodiversity and to visitors of its flowers in different covers is unknown. For this reason, the richness and abundance of balsa flower visitors and their interactions in agroforestry systems and natural coverage in the department of Santander were evaluated through day and night recordings in 414 flowers. In addition, 533 flowers were collected from the ground to identify and quantify the individuals found inside. Two shaded coffee plantations were sampled, near and far from forest fragments and a forest fragment with natural cover. Eighteen bird species, 15 genera and 6 families were recorded; 7 genera of mammals of 3 orders; 7 orders of insects and one Araneae, distributed in 33 families. The shaded coffee plantation had greater abundance and richness of birds and mammals, which increases when there is a greater presence of natural vegetation. There were no individuals inside 44.3% of the soil flowers; the average of individuals killed by flowers was 3.3±0.2, the presence of Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) was 1.7±0.1, it was higher in the shaded coffee plantation away from fragments with 4.3±0.3. Mammals had a higher proportion of legitimate visits to the flower (contact with internal structures), with 86.9%, compared to the total visits of this group. Balsa is a food resource for various organisms, being mammals may be the most efficient group as pollinators because of the number of legitimate visits to the flower. Additionally, the mortality of insects in the balsa tree in coffee plantations with shade away from fragments could indicate a possible ecological imbalance determined by specific characteristics of the landscape. Ochroma pyramidale (balso negro) es una especie nativa de importancia ecológica y económica en Colombia, empleada en sistemas agroforestales, de la cual se desconoce su aporte a la biodiversidad y quiénes visitan sus flores en diferentes coberturas; por esto se evaluó la riqueza y abundancia de visitantes florales del balso en sistemas agroforestales y cobertura natural en el departamento de Santander, mediante grabaciones diurnas y nocturnas, a 414 flores, para registrar visitantes y sus interacciones; además se recolectaron 533 flores del suelo para identificar y cuantificar los individuos encontrados en su interior. Se muestrearon dos cafetales con sombra, cerca y lejos de fragmentos de bosque y un fragmento de bosque con cobertura natural. Se registraron 18 especies de aves, 15 géneros y seis familias; siete géneros de mamíferos de tres órdenes; siete órdenes de insectos y uno Araneae, distribuidos en 33 familias. El cafetal con sombra presentó mayor abundancia y riqueza de aves y mamíferos, la cual aumenta cuando hay mayor presencia de vegetación natural. El 44,3% de las flores del suelo no tenían individuos en el interior; el promedio de individuos muertos por flor fue de 3,3±0,2, en donde la presencia de Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) fue de 1,7±0,1, siendo más alto en el cafetal con sombra lejos de fragmentos con 4,3±0,3. Los mamíferos presentaron mayor proporción de visitas legítimas a la flor (contacto con las estructuras internas), con 86,9%, con respecto al total de las visitas de este grupo. El balso es un recurso alimenticio para diversos organismos, pudiendo ser los mamíferos el grupo más eficiente como polinizadores por la cantidad de visitas legítimas a la flor. Adicionalmente, la mortalidad de insectos en el balso en el cafetal con sombra lejos de fragmentos podría indicar un posible desbalance ecológico determinado por características específicas del paisaje. Ochroma pyramidale (Balsa) é uma espécie nativa de importância ecológica e econômica na Colômbia, utilizada em sistemas agroflorestais, da qual se desconhece sua contribuição para a biodiversidade e que visita suas flores em diferentes coberturas; Por isso, avaliou-se a riqueza e abundância de visitantes florais do lago em sistemas agroflorestais e cobertura natural do departamento de Santander, através de registros diurnos e noturnos de 414 flores, para registrar os visitantes e suas interações; Além disso, foram coletadas 533 flores do solo para identificar e quantificar os indivíduos encontrados em seu interior. Foram amostrados dois cafezais sombreados, próximos e distantes de fragmentos florestais, e um fragmento florestal com cobertura natural. 18 espécies de aves, 15 gêneros e seis famílias foram registradas; sete gêneros de mamíferos de três ordens; sete ordens de insetos e uma Araneae, distribuídas em 33 famílias. O cafezal sombreado apresentou maior abundância e riqueza de aves e mamíferos, que aumenta quando há maior presença de vegetação natural. 44,3% das flores no solo não tinham indivíduos em seu interior; o número médio de indivíduos mortos por flor foi de 3,3±0,2, onde a presença de Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) foi de 1,7±0,1, sendo maior no cafezal com fragmentos de sombreamento distante com 4,3±0,3. Os mamíferos apresentaram maior proporção de visitas legítimas à flor (contato com estruturas internas), com 86,9%, em relação ao total de visitas desse grupo. A jangada é um recurso alimentar para vários organismos, e os mamíferos podem ser o grupo mais eficiente como polinizadores devido ao número de visitas legítimas à flor. Adicionalmente, a mortalidade de insetos na jangada no cafezal sombreado longe dos fragmentos poderia indicar um possível desequilíbrio ecológico determinado por características específicas da paisagem. Cenicafé 2022-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://publicaciones.cenicafe.org/index.php/cenicafe/article/view/282 10.38141/10778/73207 Cenicafe Journal; Vol. 73 No. 2 (2022): Cenicafé Journal; e73207 Revista Cenicafé; Vol. 73 Núm. 2 (2022): Revista Cenicafé; e73207 Cenicafé Journal; v. 73 n. 2 (2022): Cenicafé Journal; e73207 2711-3477 0120-0275 spa https://publicaciones.cenicafe.org/index.php/cenicafe/article/view/282/341 Derechos de autor 2022 Revista Cenicafé https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.es |