Severe COVID-19: what have we learned with the immunopathogenesis?

Severe COVID-19: what have we learned with the immunopathogenesis?

Abstract The COVID-19 outbreak caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become a global major concern. In this review, we addressed a theoretical model on immunopathogenesis associated with severe COVID-19, based on the current literature of SARS-CoV-2 and other epidemic pathogenic coronaviruses, such as SARS and MERS. Several studies have suggested that immune dysregulation and hyperinflammatory response induced by SARS-CoV-2 are more involved in disease severity than the virus itself. Immune dysregulation due to COVID-19 is characterized by delayed and impaired interferon response, lymphocyte exhaustion and cytokine storm that ultimately lead to diffuse lung tissue damage and posterior thrombotic phenomena. Considering there is a lack of clinical evidence provided by randomized clinical trials, the knowledge about SARS- CoV-2 disease pathogenesis and immune response is a cornerstone to develop rationale-based clinical therapeutic strategies. In this narrative review, the authors aimed to describe the immunopathogenesis of severe forms of COVID-19.

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Main Authors: Bordallo,Bruno, Bellas,Mozart, Cortez,Arthur Fernandes, Vieira,Matheus, Pinheiro,Marcelo
Format: Digital revista
Language:English
Published: Sociedade Brasileira de Reumatologia 2020
Online Access:http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2523-31062020000100401
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spelling oai:scielo:S2523-310620200001004012020-10-02Severe COVID-19: what have we learned with the immunopathogenesis?Bordallo,BrunoBellas,MozartCortez,Arthur FernandesVieira,MatheusPinheiro,Marcelo COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Immunology Inflammation Cytokine storm Cytokine Macrophage activation syndrome Thrombosis Abstract The COVID-19 outbreak caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become a global major concern. In this review, we addressed a theoretical model on immunopathogenesis associated with severe COVID-19, based on the current literature of SARS-CoV-2 and other epidemic pathogenic coronaviruses, such as SARS and MERS. Several studies have suggested that immune dysregulation and hyperinflammatory response induced by SARS-CoV-2 are more involved in disease severity than the virus itself. Immune dysregulation due to COVID-19 is characterized by delayed and impaired interferon response, lymphocyte exhaustion and cytokine storm that ultimately lead to diffuse lung tissue damage and posterior thrombotic phenomena. Considering there is a lack of clinical evidence provided by randomized clinical trials, the knowledge about SARS- CoV-2 disease pathogenesis and immune response is a cornerstone to develop rationale-based clinical therapeutic strategies. In this narrative review, the authors aimed to describe the immunopathogenesis of severe forms of COVID-19.info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessSociedade Brasileira de ReumatologiaAdvances in Rheumatology v.60 20202020-01-01info:eu-repo/semantics/articletext/htmlhttp://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2523-31062020000100401en10.1186/s42358-020-00151-7
institution SCIELO
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country Brasil
countrycode BR
component Revista
access En linea
databasecode rev-scielo-br
tag revista
region America del Sur
libraryname SciELO
language English
format Digital
author Bordallo,Bruno
Bellas,Mozart
Cortez,Arthur Fernandes
Vieira,Matheus
Pinheiro,Marcelo
spellingShingle Bordallo,Bruno
Bellas,Mozart
Cortez,Arthur Fernandes
Vieira,Matheus
Pinheiro,Marcelo
Severe COVID-19: what have we learned with the immunopathogenesis?
author_facet Bordallo,Bruno
Bellas,Mozart
Cortez,Arthur Fernandes
Vieira,Matheus
Pinheiro,Marcelo
author_sort Bordallo,Bruno
title Severe COVID-19: what have we learned with the immunopathogenesis?
title_short Severe COVID-19: what have we learned with the immunopathogenesis?
title_full Severe COVID-19: what have we learned with the immunopathogenesis?
title_fullStr Severe COVID-19: what have we learned with the immunopathogenesis?
title_full_unstemmed Severe COVID-19: what have we learned with the immunopathogenesis?
title_sort severe covid-19: what have we learned with the immunopathogenesis?
description Abstract The COVID-19 outbreak caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become a global major concern. In this review, we addressed a theoretical model on immunopathogenesis associated with severe COVID-19, based on the current literature of SARS-CoV-2 and other epidemic pathogenic coronaviruses, such as SARS and MERS. Several studies have suggested that immune dysregulation and hyperinflammatory response induced by SARS-CoV-2 are more involved in disease severity than the virus itself. Immune dysregulation due to COVID-19 is characterized by delayed and impaired interferon response, lymphocyte exhaustion and cytokine storm that ultimately lead to diffuse lung tissue damage and posterior thrombotic phenomena. Considering there is a lack of clinical evidence provided by randomized clinical trials, the knowledge about SARS- CoV-2 disease pathogenesis and immune response is a cornerstone to develop rationale-based clinical therapeutic strategies. In this narrative review, the authors aimed to describe the immunopathogenesis of severe forms of COVID-19.
publisher Sociedade Brasileira de Reumatologia
publishDate 2020
url http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2523-31062020000100401
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