Antimicrobial resistance and extended spectrum beta-lactamases in urinary tract infections: A serious problem in Northern Mexico
Abstract Objective: To describe the causal agents, prevalence of antimicrobial resistance, and risk factors associated with extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing agents in urinary tract infections (UTIs). Materials and methods: A retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Monterrey, Mexico. Inclusion criteria were patients that clinically presented with a UTI and had a positive urine culture, within the time frame of March to October 2017. The association with ESBL-producing agents was determined through the Χ2 test for categorical variables. Statistical significance was set at a p <0.05, utilizing SPSS version 20.0 software. Results: A total of 353 positive urine cultures were confirmed. ESBL production was found in 21.5% of the strains. There was a high level of resistance (>50%) to amoxicillin-clavulanate, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, fosfomycin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and moderate resistance (10-50%) to gentamicin and ceftriaxone. Amikacin, ertapenem, nitrofurantoin, and colistin had the lowest resistance rates (<10%). The ESBL-producing agents were associated with complicated UTI (p≤0.0001). The comorbidities associated with ESBL-positive UTIs were diabetes mellitus (p=0.02) and immunodeficiency (p=0.008), as was having undergone radiotherapy (p=0.025) and previous antibiotic use (p≤0.001). Limitations: The clonal relationship of isolates, especially of E. coli, was not analyzed. We could not establish whether there was a high level of genetic diversity between the isolates or whether independent acquisition or cross-transmission occurred. Value: We evaluated the epidemiologic characteristics of the ESBL-producing agents in UTIs at a Mexican tertiary care hospital. Conclusions: One out of every five UTIs was caused by ESBLs in our study population. There was a high level of resistance to the antibiotics used as first-line empiric therapy in the patients studied.
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Sociedad Mexicana de Urología
2020
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oai:scielo:S2007-408520200002000022022-01-17Antimicrobial resistance and extended spectrum beta-lactamases in urinary tract infections: A serious problem in Northern MexicoRobles-Torres,José IvánOcaña-Munguía,Marco AlbertoMadero Morales,Pedro AntonioRuiz-Galindo,EfraínGarza-González,ElviraGómez-Guerra,Lauro Extended spectrum beta-lactamase Urinary tract infections Drug resistance Urine culture Abstract Objective: To describe the causal agents, prevalence of antimicrobial resistance, and risk factors associated with extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing agents in urinary tract infections (UTIs). Materials and methods: A retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Monterrey, Mexico. Inclusion criteria were patients that clinically presented with a UTI and had a positive urine culture, within the time frame of March to October 2017. The association with ESBL-producing agents was determined through the Χ2 test for categorical variables. Statistical significance was set at a p <0.05, utilizing SPSS version 20.0 software. Results: A total of 353 positive urine cultures were confirmed. ESBL production was found in 21.5% of the strains. There was a high level of resistance (>50%) to amoxicillin-clavulanate, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, fosfomycin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and moderate resistance (10-50%) to gentamicin and ceftriaxone. Amikacin, ertapenem, nitrofurantoin, and colistin had the lowest resistance rates (<10%). The ESBL-producing agents were associated with complicated UTI (p≤0.0001). The comorbidities associated with ESBL-positive UTIs were diabetes mellitus (p=0.02) and immunodeficiency (p=0.008), as was having undergone radiotherapy (p=0.025) and previous antibiotic use (p≤0.001). Limitations: The clonal relationship of isolates, especially of E. coli, was not analyzed. We could not establish whether there was a high level of genetic diversity between the isolates or whether independent acquisition or cross-transmission occurred. Value: We evaluated the epidemiologic characteristics of the ESBL-producing agents in UTIs at a Mexican tertiary care hospital. Conclusions: One out of every five UTIs was caused by ESBLs in our study population. There was a high level of resistance to the antibiotics used as first-line empiric therapy in the patients studied.info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessSociedad Mexicana de UrologíaRevista mexicana de urología v.80 n.2 20202020-04-01info:eu-repo/semantics/articletext/htmlhttp://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2007-40852020000200002en10.48193/rmu.v80i2.619 |
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México |
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Robles-Torres,José Iván Ocaña-Munguía,Marco Alberto Madero Morales,Pedro Antonio Ruiz-Galindo,Efraín Garza-González,Elvira Gómez-Guerra,Lauro |
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Robles-Torres,José Iván Ocaña-Munguía,Marco Alberto Madero Morales,Pedro Antonio Ruiz-Galindo,Efraín Garza-González,Elvira Gómez-Guerra,Lauro Antimicrobial resistance and extended spectrum beta-lactamases in urinary tract infections: A serious problem in Northern Mexico |
author_facet |
Robles-Torres,José Iván Ocaña-Munguía,Marco Alberto Madero Morales,Pedro Antonio Ruiz-Galindo,Efraín Garza-González,Elvira Gómez-Guerra,Lauro |
author_sort |
Robles-Torres,José Iván |
title |
Antimicrobial resistance and extended spectrum beta-lactamases in urinary tract infections: A serious problem in Northern Mexico |
title_short |
Antimicrobial resistance and extended spectrum beta-lactamases in urinary tract infections: A serious problem in Northern Mexico |
title_full |
Antimicrobial resistance and extended spectrum beta-lactamases in urinary tract infections: A serious problem in Northern Mexico |
title_fullStr |
Antimicrobial resistance and extended spectrum beta-lactamases in urinary tract infections: A serious problem in Northern Mexico |
title_full_unstemmed |
Antimicrobial resistance and extended spectrum beta-lactamases in urinary tract infections: A serious problem in Northern Mexico |
title_sort |
antimicrobial resistance and extended spectrum beta-lactamases in urinary tract infections: a serious problem in northern mexico |
description |
Abstract Objective: To describe the causal agents, prevalence of antimicrobial resistance, and risk factors associated with extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing agents in urinary tract infections (UTIs). Materials and methods: A retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Monterrey, Mexico. Inclusion criteria were patients that clinically presented with a UTI and had a positive urine culture, within the time frame of March to October 2017. The association with ESBL-producing agents was determined through the Χ2 test for categorical variables. Statistical significance was set at a p <0.05, utilizing SPSS version 20.0 software. Results: A total of 353 positive urine cultures were confirmed. ESBL production was found in 21.5% of the strains. There was a high level of resistance (>50%) to amoxicillin-clavulanate, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, fosfomycin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and moderate resistance (10-50%) to gentamicin and ceftriaxone. Amikacin, ertapenem, nitrofurantoin, and colistin had the lowest resistance rates (<10%). The ESBL-producing agents were associated with complicated UTI (p≤0.0001). The comorbidities associated with ESBL-positive UTIs were diabetes mellitus (p=0.02) and immunodeficiency (p=0.008), as was having undergone radiotherapy (p=0.025) and previous antibiotic use (p≤0.001). Limitations: The clonal relationship of isolates, especially of E. coli, was not analyzed. We could not establish whether there was a high level of genetic diversity between the isolates or whether independent acquisition or cross-transmission occurred. Value: We evaluated the epidemiologic characteristics of the ESBL-producing agents in UTIs at a Mexican tertiary care hospital. Conclusions: One out of every five UTIs was caused by ESBLs in our study population. There was a high level of resistance to the antibiotics used as first-line empiric therapy in the patients studied. |
publisher |
Sociedad Mexicana de Urología |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2007-40852020000200002 |
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