OUTLIER=GROSS ERROR? DO ONLY GROSS ERRORS CAUSE OUTLIERS IN GEODETIC NETWORKS? ADDRESSING THESE AND OTHER QUESTIONS

Abstract This article has theoretically discussed some points regarding outliers caused by errors in geodetic observations (see consideration made). Comments have also been made on the usual 3σ-rule to identify outliers and its common approachs in the simulation of outliers in geodetic networks. Three simulated experiments have been conducted to verify the elements discussed. In the first one, with the simulation of random errors, we have verified that it can have a magnitude large enough to generate outliers. In the second one, in scenarios of leveling network simulated by Monte Carlo methods, observations containing gross errors with a lower magnitude than their respective σ tended to not be identified as outliers by the iterative data snooping procedure. This has also occurred in the third experiment, in which gross errors of magnitude 3.1σ had their value masked by the random error of the respective observation. From the conceptual discussion presented, we have concluded that gross error and outlier are not synonyms, and neither is one a particular case of the other. From the obtained results, we have concluded that there are inconsistencies in how outliers have been simulated in geodetic networks, which indicates the need to continue with investigations.

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Main Authors: Suraci,Stefano Sampaio, Oliveira,Leonardo Castro de
Format: Digital revista
Language:English
Published: Universidade Federal do Paraná 2019
Online Access:http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1982-21702019000600203
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spelling oai:scielo:S1982-217020190006002032019-10-09OUTLIER=GROSS ERROR? DO ONLY GROSS ERRORS CAUSE OUTLIERS IN GEODETIC NETWORKS? ADDRESSING THESE AND OTHER QUESTIONSSuraci,Stefano SampaioOliveira,Leonardo Castro de outlier gross error Monte Carlo simulation Abstract This article has theoretically discussed some points regarding outliers caused by errors in geodetic observations (see consideration made). Comments have also been made on the usual 3σ-rule to identify outliers and its common approachs in the simulation of outliers in geodetic networks. Three simulated experiments have been conducted to verify the elements discussed. In the first one, with the simulation of random errors, we have verified that it can have a magnitude large enough to generate outliers. In the second one, in scenarios of leveling network simulated by Monte Carlo methods, observations containing gross errors with a lower magnitude than their respective σ tended to not be identified as outliers by the iterative data snooping procedure. This has also occurred in the third experiment, in which gross errors of magnitude 3.1σ had their value masked by the random error of the respective observation. From the conceptual discussion presented, we have concluded that gross error and outlier are not synonyms, and neither is one a particular case of the other. From the obtained results, we have concluded that there are inconsistencies in how outliers have been simulated in geodetic networks, which indicates the need to continue with investigations.info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessUniversidade Federal do ParanáBoletim de Ciências Geodésicas v.25 n.spe 20192019-01-01info:eu-repo/semantics/articletext/htmlhttp://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1982-21702019000600203en10.1590/s1982-21702019000s00004
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country Brasil
countrycode BR
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region America del Sur
libraryname SciELO
language English
format Digital
author Suraci,Stefano Sampaio
Oliveira,Leonardo Castro de
spellingShingle Suraci,Stefano Sampaio
Oliveira,Leonardo Castro de
OUTLIER=GROSS ERROR? DO ONLY GROSS ERRORS CAUSE OUTLIERS IN GEODETIC NETWORKS? ADDRESSING THESE AND OTHER QUESTIONS
author_facet Suraci,Stefano Sampaio
Oliveira,Leonardo Castro de
author_sort Suraci,Stefano Sampaio
title OUTLIER=GROSS ERROR? DO ONLY GROSS ERRORS CAUSE OUTLIERS IN GEODETIC NETWORKS? ADDRESSING THESE AND OTHER QUESTIONS
title_short OUTLIER=GROSS ERROR? DO ONLY GROSS ERRORS CAUSE OUTLIERS IN GEODETIC NETWORKS? ADDRESSING THESE AND OTHER QUESTIONS
title_full OUTLIER=GROSS ERROR? DO ONLY GROSS ERRORS CAUSE OUTLIERS IN GEODETIC NETWORKS? ADDRESSING THESE AND OTHER QUESTIONS
title_fullStr OUTLIER=GROSS ERROR? DO ONLY GROSS ERRORS CAUSE OUTLIERS IN GEODETIC NETWORKS? ADDRESSING THESE AND OTHER QUESTIONS
title_full_unstemmed OUTLIER=GROSS ERROR? DO ONLY GROSS ERRORS CAUSE OUTLIERS IN GEODETIC NETWORKS? ADDRESSING THESE AND OTHER QUESTIONS
title_sort outlier=gross error? do only gross errors cause outliers in geodetic networks? addressing these and other questions
description Abstract This article has theoretically discussed some points regarding outliers caused by errors in geodetic observations (see consideration made). Comments have also been made on the usual 3σ-rule to identify outliers and its common approachs in the simulation of outliers in geodetic networks. Three simulated experiments have been conducted to verify the elements discussed. In the first one, with the simulation of random errors, we have verified that it can have a magnitude large enough to generate outliers. In the second one, in scenarios of leveling network simulated by Monte Carlo methods, observations containing gross errors with a lower magnitude than their respective σ tended to not be identified as outliers by the iterative data snooping procedure. This has also occurred in the third experiment, in which gross errors of magnitude 3.1σ had their value masked by the random error of the respective observation. From the conceptual discussion presented, we have concluded that gross error and outlier are not synonyms, and neither is one a particular case of the other. From the obtained results, we have concluded that there are inconsistencies in how outliers have been simulated in geodetic networks, which indicates the need to continue with investigations.
publisher Universidade Federal do Paraná
publishDate 2019
url http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1982-21702019000600203
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