Energy democracy: Conceptual framework and research agenda for the Portuguese case

Abstract The genesis of energy democracy is associated with the demand for a politicization of the energy transition. Its dimensions include democratic control of the energy sector, the redistribution of political and economic power, the universal right to renewable energy and social justice. Energy democracy provides a unique lens to critically assess the political, socio-economic, and environmental implications of energy transitions. Therefore, based on the Portuguese case study, an analysis grid is developed that aims to facilitate the identification and evaluation of energy democratization instruments in the national context. A research agenda around energy futures in Portugal is also advanced.