Chromosome study in Schistocerca (Orthoptera-Acrididae-Cyrtacanthacridinae): karyotypes and distribution patterns of constitutive heterochromatin and nucleolus organizer regions (NORs)

Chromosome analyses were performed in two grasshopper species of the genus Schistocerca, S. pallens and S. flavofasciata. Both species shared the same diploid number (2n = 23, X in males; 2n = 24, XX in females);and a conserved karyotype composed exclusively of acrocentric chromosomes, but differed in their distribution patterns of constitutive heterochromatin and nucleolus organizer regions (NORs). Constitutive heterochromatin was located in the pericentromeric region of all chromosomes in both species. S. flavofasciata presented an additional C-band on the distal region of the long arm of a small autosome pair (S9). Nucleolus organizer regions (NORs), revealed by silver nitrate staining (Ag-NORs), were observed on a medium autosome pair (M5) in both species. S. pallens presented an additional NOR-bearing autosome (M6). The same sites were labeled after FISH with an rDNA probe in S. pallens cells.