Circulating markers of endothelial activation in canine parvoviral enteritis

BACKGROUND: Canine parvovirus (CPV) is a common cause of enteritis, immune suppression and systemic inflammation in young dogs. Endothelial markers, such as intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), and molecules that upregulate their expression, such as high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB-1), provide insight into the state of the endothelium during inflammation. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine if circulating concentrations of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and HMGB-1 were altered in CPV enteritis compared to healthy controls, and whether a correlation existed between these molecules and the degree of inflammation METHODS: Thirty dogs with naturally occurring CPV enteritis and ten control dogs were included. Physical examinations, complete blood count and C-reactive protein (CRP) measurements were performed on all dogs at presentation. The concentrations of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and HMGB-1 were measured using commercially available canine-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. RESULTS: In dogs with CPV enteritis, ICAM-1 concentrations were significantly lower (median: 5.9 &#91;IQR: 4.3-8.3&#93;) and CRP higher (134 &#91;IQR: 85-195&#93;) compared to controls (8.0 &#91;IQR: 6.9-10.3&#93;, p = 0.008; 1 &#91;IQR: 0-7&#93;, p < 0.001). No significant difference was found for VCAM-1 and HMGB-1. A strong correlation was identified between VCAM-1 and segmented neutrophil count (r = 0.612, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Despite the presence of systemic inflammation in CPV enteritis, evidenced by high CRP concentrations, our results suggest circulating concentrations of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and HMGB-1 failed to show an increase. Endothelial activation with subsequent leukocyte adhesion and transmigration through the endothelium may be affected in CPV enteritis and these findings require further investigation.

Bibliographic Details

Main Authors:	Atkinson,BK, Goddard,A, Engelbrecht,M, Pretorius,S, Pazzi,P
Format:	Digital revista
Language:	English
Published:	South African Veterinary Association 2022
Online Access:	http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1019-91282022000100005
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