Sustainability of carrot-cowpea intercropping systems through optimization of green manuring and spatial arrangements
ABSTRACT: One of the biggest challenges in intercropping of two or more crops is to maintain their productivity as that of their sole counterparts. In order to obtain sustainable intercropping systems in a semi-arid environment, this study evaluated the agro-economic advantage and sustainability of intercropped systems of carrot and cowpea, optimizing the green manuring and spatial arrangements. Experiments were conducted in the period from July to October 2017 and 2018, using a randomized complete block design with the treatments arranged in a 4 x 3 factorial scheme, with four replications. Treatments included four amounts of M. aegyptia incorporated into the soil (20, 35, 50, and 65 t ha-1 on dry basis) with three spatial arrangements (2:2, 3:3, and 4:4) between the components cultures formed from cowpea rows alternated with carrot rows. The agro-economic advantage indices evaluated in the intercropping systems were: land equivalent ratio (LER), area-time equivalent ratio (ATER), score of the canonical variable (Z), actual yield loss (AYL), intercropping advantage (IA), gross income (GI), net income (NI), rate of return (RR), and profit margin (PM). The highest agro-economic advantages of the carrot and cowpea intercropping were obtained for LER, ATER, NI, and RR of 2.60, 4.16, US$ 8,720.99 ha-1, and US$ 2.21, respectively, for M. aegyptia biomass amounts of 46.42, 47.82, 32.60 and 31.51t ha-1 added to the soil. The 2: 2 spatial arrangement was the one with the best productive performance, with higher net income and rate of return in the intercropping of carrot-cowpea.
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Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
2021
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oai:scielo:S0103-847820210001002012020-10-29Sustainability of carrot-cowpea intercropping systems through optimization of green manuring and spatial arrangementsSilva,Josimar Nogueora daBezerra Neto,FranciscoLima,Jailma Suerda Silva deChaves,Aridênia PeixotoNunes,Renato Leandro CostaRodrigues,Gardênia Silvana de OliveiraLino,Vitor Abel da SilvaSá,Jolinda Mércia deSantos,Elizangela Cabral dos agro-economic efficiency competitive ability Daucus carota Merremia aegyptia Vigna unguiculata ABSTRACT: One of the biggest challenges in intercropping of two or more crops is to maintain their productivity as that of their sole counterparts. In order to obtain sustainable intercropping systems in a semi-arid environment, this study evaluated the agro-economic advantage and sustainability of intercropped systems of carrot and cowpea, optimizing the green manuring and spatial arrangements. Experiments were conducted in the period from July to October 2017 and 2018, using a randomized complete block design with the treatments arranged in a 4 x 3 factorial scheme, with four replications. Treatments included four amounts of M. aegyptia incorporated into the soil (20, 35, 50, and 65 t ha-1 on dry basis) with three spatial arrangements (2:2, 3:3, and 4:4) between the components cultures formed from cowpea rows alternated with carrot rows. The agro-economic advantage indices evaluated in the intercropping systems were: land equivalent ratio (LER), area-time equivalent ratio (ATER), score of the canonical variable (Z), actual yield loss (AYL), intercropping advantage (IA), gross income (GI), net income (NI), rate of return (RR), and profit margin (PM). The highest agro-economic advantages of the carrot and cowpea intercropping were obtained for LER, ATER, NI, and RR of 2.60, 4.16, US$ 8,720.99 ha-1, and US$ 2.21, respectively, for M. aegyptia biomass amounts of 46.42, 47.82, 32.60 and 31.51t ha-1 added to the soil. The 2: 2 spatial arrangement was the one with the best productive performance, with higher net income and rate of return in the intercropping of carrot-cowpea.info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessUniversidade Federal de Santa MariaCiência Rural v.51 n.1 20212021-01-01info:eu-repo/semantics/articletext/htmlhttp://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782021000100201en10.1590/0103-8478cr20190838 |
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Silva,Josimar Nogueora da Bezerra Neto,Francisco Lima,Jailma Suerda Silva de Chaves,Aridênia Peixoto Nunes,Renato Leandro Costa Rodrigues,Gardênia Silvana de Oliveira Lino,Vitor Abel da Silva Sá,Jolinda Mércia de Santos,Elizangela Cabral dos |
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Silva,Josimar Nogueora da Bezerra Neto,Francisco Lima,Jailma Suerda Silva de Chaves,Aridênia Peixoto Nunes,Renato Leandro Costa Rodrigues,Gardênia Silvana de Oliveira Lino,Vitor Abel da Silva Sá,Jolinda Mércia de Santos,Elizangela Cabral dos Sustainability of carrot-cowpea intercropping systems through optimization of green manuring and spatial arrangements |
author_facet |
Silva,Josimar Nogueora da Bezerra Neto,Francisco Lima,Jailma Suerda Silva de Chaves,Aridênia Peixoto Nunes,Renato Leandro Costa Rodrigues,Gardênia Silvana de Oliveira Lino,Vitor Abel da Silva Sá,Jolinda Mércia de Santos,Elizangela Cabral dos |
author_sort |
Silva,Josimar Nogueora da |
title |
Sustainability of carrot-cowpea intercropping systems through optimization of green manuring and spatial arrangements |
title_short |
Sustainability of carrot-cowpea intercropping systems through optimization of green manuring and spatial arrangements |
title_full |
Sustainability of carrot-cowpea intercropping systems through optimization of green manuring and spatial arrangements |
title_fullStr |
Sustainability of carrot-cowpea intercropping systems through optimization of green manuring and spatial arrangements |
title_full_unstemmed |
Sustainability of carrot-cowpea intercropping systems through optimization of green manuring and spatial arrangements |
title_sort |
sustainability of carrot-cowpea intercropping systems through optimization of green manuring and spatial arrangements |
description |
ABSTRACT: One of the biggest challenges in intercropping of two or more crops is to maintain their productivity as that of their sole counterparts. In order to obtain sustainable intercropping systems in a semi-arid environment, this study evaluated the agro-economic advantage and sustainability of intercropped systems of carrot and cowpea, optimizing the green manuring and spatial arrangements. Experiments were conducted in the period from July to October 2017 and 2018, using a randomized complete block design with the treatments arranged in a 4 x 3 factorial scheme, with four replications. Treatments included four amounts of M. aegyptia incorporated into the soil (20, 35, 50, and 65 t ha-1 on dry basis) with three spatial arrangements (2:2, 3:3, and 4:4) between the components cultures formed from cowpea rows alternated with carrot rows. The agro-economic advantage indices evaluated in the intercropping systems were: land equivalent ratio (LER), area-time equivalent ratio (ATER), score of the canonical variable (Z), actual yield loss (AYL), intercropping advantage (IA), gross income (GI), net income (NI), rate of return (RR), and profit margin (PM). The highest agro-economic advantages of the carrot and cowpea intercropping were obtained for LER, ATER, NI, and RR of 2.60, 4.16, US$ 8,720.99 ha-1, and US$ 2.21, respectively, for M. aegyptia biomass amounts of 46.42, 47.82, 32.60 and 31.51t ha-1 added to the soil. The 2: 2 spatial arrangement was the one with the best productive performance, with higher net income and rate of return in the intercropping of carrot-cowpea. |
publisher |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782021000100201 |
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