Influence of S(+)-ketamine analgesia in renal intraoperative ischemia: histological study in rats

PURPOSE: To study in rats the effect of S(+)­ketamine on the renal histology after intraoperative hemorrhage. METHODS: Twenty male Wistar rats, anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital, were randomly divided in 2 groups: G1 - control (n=l0) and G2 - S(+)-ketamine (n=10), both submitted to arterial hemorrhage of 30% of volemia in 3 moments (10% each 10 min) 60 min after anesthesia. G2 received S(+)-ketamine, 15 mg. kg-1, i.m., 5 min after anesthesia and 55 min before the 1st hemorrhage moment (Ml). Medium arterial pressure (MAP), rectal temperature (T) and heart rate were monitored. The animals were sacrificed in M4, 30 min after the 3rd hemorrhage moment (M3) and the kidneys and blood collected from hemorrhage were utilized for histological study and hematocrit (Ht) determination. RESULTS: There were significant reduction of MAP, T, and Ht. The histological study verified G1 = G2 for tubular dilation, congestion, and necrosis. The total score addition were significant1y different and G2 > G 1. CONCLUSION: Hemorrhage and hypotension determined changes in kidney histology. The rise in catecholamine blood concentration probably was the cause of S(+)-ketamine-induced higher score of histological changes.