Neumonía neumocócica adquirida en la comunidad en adultos hospitalizados

Background: S pneumoniae is the most common cause of community-acquired pneumonia. Aim: To evaluate the clinical characteristics, antibiotic resistance, management and prognostic factors in pneumococcal pneumonia. Methods: Prospective evaluation in 46 adults (age ± sd: 68±17 years) hospitalized with pneumococcal pneumonia confirmed by sputum, blood or pleural fluid cultures. Clinical and radiographic variables, risk factors for antibiotic resistance, and hospital mortality rate were recorded. Results: Heart disease (39%), COPD/asthma (25%), and diabetes mellitus (18%) were the most frequent underlying diseases. None of the patients had previously received pneumococcal vaccine. Only 17% of the patients had the classic triad of chills, fever and productive cough. At admission, interestingly, 17% presented with congestive heart failure. Resistance of pneumococci to penicillin, cefotaxime or erythromycin was 15%, 6% and 11%, respectively. Antibiotic use prior to admission was significantly associated with antibiotic resistance (OR=6; CI 95% = 1.1-32; p <0.05). Fifty per cent of the patients were admitted to intermediate or intensive care units, 15% were mechanically ventilated, 20% developed septic shock, 20% developed acute renal failure and 13% died in the hospital. Clinical factors significantly associated with higher mortality were systolic hypotension (<FONT FACE=Symbol>&pound;</FONT>90 mmHg), ICU admission and BUN >30 mg per dL. Conclusions: Our data suggest that pneumococcal pneumonia is still a severe infection with high mortality; hence, efforts should be made at prevention using pneumococcal immunization (Rev Méd Chile 2003; 131: 505-14).

Bibliographic Details

Main Authors:	Díaz F,Alejandro, Torres M,Catalina, Flores S,Luis José, García C,Patricia, Saldías P,Fernando
Format:	Digital revista
Language:	Spanish / Castilian
Published:	Sociedad Médica de Santiago 2003
Online Access:	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-98872003000500005
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