Extensive ureteral stricture after percutaneous nephrolithotomy

Objective: To present a previously unreported long term complication of percutaneous nephrolithotomy for exclusive renal stone. Methods/Results: A 30-years-old woman underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy for a obsrtuctive pelvic stone, through inferior calix access achieving a stone free status. During the procedure occurred an inadvertent pelvis perforationan, but the early evolution was otherwise uneventful. Patient was asymptomatic during the follow-up. However, a urinary ultrasound disclosed important pielocalyceal dilation, and further investigation demonstrated extensive proximal ureteral stricture. Conclusion: Ureteral stricture may rarely occur as a late complication of percutaneous nephrolithotomy. A review of the literature of this quite uncommon complication was performed and the authors discuss the possible etiology and preventive measures.