Crotalaria spectabilis Roth as a cover crop in coffee (Coffea arabica) and weed control
Introduction. The establishment of cover crops like C. spectabilis is an agroecological practice with multiple agronomic and environmental benefits. Objectives. To evaluate the effect of 3 C. spectabilis planting methods in coffee on weed control, nitrogen accumulation, and carbon fixation. Also, to determine the period between weed control and C. spectabilis sowing, and the tolerance of C. spectabilis to postemergence herbicides. Materials and methods. The first experiment was carried out in Orosi, Costa Rica, in 2017. C. spectabilis was planted in between coffee planting rows using three methods. The second experiment was carried out in a greenhouse in Alajuela, in 2018. Herbicides glhyphosate, glufosinate ammonium, and diquat were sprayed over pots filled with soil. C. spectabilis was planted 0, 4 and 8 days after spraying, both covered with soil and without cover. For the third experiment C. spectabilis was planted in pots, and when the plants had 2, 3, and 4 leaves, the herbicides fluazifop-p-butyl, clethodim, and bentazon, and the mixes fluazifop-p-butil + bentazon and clethodim + bentazon were sprayed. Results. In Orosi, weed cover was reduced in all treatments by less than 26%, compared to the control. C. spectabilis relative growth rate was low and similar in the 3 planting methods. Nitrogen accumulation and carbon absorption was highest in the covered rows (81.46 kg.ha-1 N and 6.20 t.ha-1 CO2, respectively). In the greenhouse, no negative effect on seed germination or plant growth of C. spectabilis was observed by any treatment. Conclusion. Due to weed competition, it was not possible to establish C. spectabilis as a cover crop in coffee, however herbicides evaluated in a greenhouse could potentially control those weeds. Keywords: Integrated weed management; green manure; cover crops; pre and post emergence herbicides.
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Universidad de Costa Rica
2022
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Gómez Gómez, Robin Cháves Sánchez, Eric González Lutz, María Isabel |
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Gómez Gómez, Robin Cháves Sánchez, Eric González Lutz, María Isabel Crotalaria spectabilis Roth as a cover crop in coffee (Coffea arabica) and weed control |
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Gómez Gómez, Robin Cháves Sánchez, Eric González Lutz, María Isabel |
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Gómez Gómez, Robin |
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Crotalaria spectabilis Roth as a cover crop in coffee (Coffea arabica) and weed control |
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Crotalaria spectabilis Roth as a cover crop in coffee (Coffea arabica) and weed control |
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Crotalaria spectabilis Roth as a cover crop in coffee (Coffea arabica) and weed control |
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Crotalaria spectabilis Roth as a cover crop in coffee (Coffea arabica) and weed control |
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Crotalaria spectabilis Roth as a cover crop in coffee (Coffea arabica) and weed control |
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crotalaria spectabilis roth as a cover crop in coffee (coffea arabica) and weed control |
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Introduction. The establishment of cover crops like C. spectabilis is an agroecological practice with multiple agronomic and environmental benefits. Objectives. To evaluate the effect of 3 C. spectabilis planting methods in coffee on weed control, nitrogen accumulation, and carbon fixation. Also, to determine the period between weed control and C. spectabilis sowing, and the tolerance of C. spectabilis to postemergence herbicides. Materials and methods. The first experiment was carried out in Orosi, Costa Rica, in 2017. C. spectabilis was planted in between coffee planting rows using three methods. The second experiment was carried out in a greenhouse in Alajuela, in 2018. Herbicides glhyphosate, glufosinate ammonium, and diquat were sprayed over pots filled with soil. C. spectabilis was planted 0, 4 and 8 days after spraying, both covered with soil and without cover. For the third experiment C. spectabilis was planted in pots, and when the plants had 2, 3, and 4 leaves, the herbicides fluazifop-p-butyl, clethodim, and bentazon, and the mixes fluazifop-p-butil + bentazon and clethodim + bentazon were sprayed. Results. In Orosi, weed cover was reduced in all treatments by less than 26%, compared to the control. C. spectabilis relative growth rate was low and similar in the 3 planting methods. Nitrogen accumulation and carbon absorption was highest in the covered rows (81.46 kg.ha-1 N and 6.20 t.ha-1 CO2, respectively). In the greenhouse, no negative effect on seed germination or plant growth of C. spectabilis was observed by any treatment. Conclusion. Due to weed competition, it was not possible to establish C. spectabilis as a cover crop in coffee, however herbicides evaluated in a greenhouse could potentially control those weeds.
Keywords: Integrated weed management; green manure; cover crops; pre and post emergence herbicides.
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Universidad de Costa Rica |
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2022 |
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https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/agrocost/article/view/52050 |
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oai:portal.ucr.ac.cr:article520502022-08-05T16:39:20Z Crotalaria spectabilis Roth as a cover crop in coffee (Coffea arabica) and weed control Crotalaria spectabilis Roth como cobertura en café (Coffea arabica L) para el manejo de malezas Gómez Gómez, Robin Cháves Sánchez, Eric González Lutz, María Isabel Introduction. The establishment of cover crops like C. spectabilis is an agroecological practice with multiple agronomic and environmental benefits. Objectives. To evaluate the effect of 3 C. spectabilis planting methods in coffee on weed control, nitrogen accumulation, and carbon fixation. Also, to determine the period between weed control and C. spectabilis sowing, and the tolerance of C. spectabilis to postemergence herbicides. Materials and methods. The first experiment was carried out in Orosi, Costa Rica, in 2017. C. spectabilis was planted in between coffee planting rows using three methods. The second experiment was carried out in a greenhouse in Alajuela, in 2018. Herbicides glhyphosate, glufosinate ammonium, and diquat were sprayed over pots filled with soil. C. spectabilis was planted 0, 4 and 8 days after spraying, both covered with soil and without cover. For the third experiment C. spectabilis was planted in pots, and when the plants had 2, 3, and 4 leaves, the herbicides fluazifop-p-butyl, clethodim, and bentazon, and the mixes fluazifop-p-butil + bentazon and clethodim + bentazon were sprayed. Results. In Orosi, weed cover was reduced in all treatments by less than 26%, compared to the control. C. spectabilis relative growth rate was low and similar in the 3 planting methods. Nitrogen accumulation and carbon absorption was highest in the covered rows (81.46 kg.ha-1 N and 6.20 t.ha-1 CO2, respectively). In the greenhouse, no negative effect on seed germination or plant growth of C. spectabilis was observed by any treatment. Conclusion. Due to weed competition, it was not possible to establish C. spectabilis as a cover crop in coffee, however herbicides evaluated in a greenhouse could potentially control those weeds. Keywords: Integrated weed management; green manure; cover crops; pre and post emergence herbicides. Introducción. El establecimiento de cultivos de cobertura como Crotalaria spectabilis es una práctica agroecológica con múltiples beneficios agronómicos y ambientales. Objetivos. Evaluar el efecto de 3 métodos de siembra de C. spectabilis en café en el control de malezas, acúmulo de nitrógeno y fijación de carbono. Además, determinar el periodo de espera entre el control de malezas y la siembra de C. spectabilis, y la tolerancia de C. spectabilis a herbicidas post emergentes. Materiales y métodos. El primer experimento se realizó en Orosi, Costa Rica, en el 2017. C. spectabilis fue sembrada mediante 3 métodos en medio de las hileras de siembra del café. El segundo experimento se realizó en un invernadero en Alajuela, en el 2018. Se aplicó glifosato, glufosinato de amonio y diquat sobre potes llenos con suelo. Luego de 0, 4 y 8 días se sembró C. spectabilis con y sin cobertura de suelo. En el tercer experimento se sembraron en potes semillas de C. spectabilis; cuando las plantas tenían 2, 3 y 4 hojas verdaderas se aplicó fluazifop-p-butil, cletodim y bentazona, asimismo las mezclas fluazifop-p-butil + bentazona y cletodim + bentazona. Resultados. En Orosi, todos los tratamientos lograron una reducción de cobertura de malezas menor al 26%, en comparación con el testigo. La tasa de crecimiento relativo de C. spectabilis fue baja y similar en las 3 metodologías de siembra. La acumulación de nitrógeno y la absorción de CO2 fue mayor en el tratamiento de hileras tapadas (81,46 kg.ha-1 N y 6,20 t.ha-1 CO2, respectivamente). En invernadero, no se observó un efecto negativo de ningún herbicida sobre la germinación ni el crecimiento de C. spectabilis. Conclusión. Debido a la competencia con las malezas, no fue posible establecer C. spectabilis como cobertura en café, sin embargo el uso de los herbicidas evaluados en invernadero permitieron controlar las malezas. Palabras clave: Manejo integrado de malezas; abonos verdes; cultivos de cobertura; herbicidas pre y posemergentes. Universidad de Costa Rica 2022-08-03 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Article application/pdf text/html application/epub+zip https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/agrocost/article/view/52050 10.15517/rac.v46i2.52050 Agronomía Costarricense; Agronomía Costarricense: Vol. 46, Issue 2 (July-December) Agronomía Costarricense; Agronomía Costarricense: Vol. 46, Nº 2 (Julio-Diciembre) 2215-2202 0377-9424 10.15517/rac.v46i2 spa https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/agrocost/article/view/52050/52153 https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/agrocost/article/view/52050/52188 https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/agrocost/article/view/52050/52212 Derechos de autor 2022 Agronomía Costarricense |