Seropositivity to Sarcocystis infection of llamas correlates with breeding practices
Production of llama (Lama glama) meat in rural communities of the Andean regions is largely affected by Sarcocystis spp. infection. Macroscopic cysts develop in muscles as a consequence of S. aucheniae parasitism, often resulting in meat downgrade or condemnation. Llama meat production is informal in Argentina but has broad perspectives for improvement, and would significantly benefit from the development of standardized control methodologies. This work analyzes whether the presence of anti-Sarcocystis spp. antibodies in llamas is influenced by factors such as geographic region and/or herd management practices. To this aim, an indirect ELISA was set up based on a ~ 23 kDa soluble immunogenic protein fraction (Sa23), isolated from S. aucheniae macrocysts (Sa23-iELISA). Serum samples (n = 507) were collected from llamas bred under three different conditions: (i) with no sanitation controls and in the presence of pastoral dogs by small producers of different localities of the Argentine Puna (Group I, n = 237); (ii) with sanitation controls and no pastoral dogs, in fenced fields of an experimental agricultural station in the Argentine Puna (Group II, n = 167); and (iii) with sanitation controls and no pastoral dogs in fenced fields of farms of the humid Pampas (Group III, n = 103). Results of the Sa23-iELISA were expressed as percentages of positivity with respect to a reference Sarcocystis-positive serum. Notably, the percentage of sera that fell above the cut-off (31.5% positivity) in group (i) was significantly higher (p < 0.001) than those of groups (ii) and (iii) (50% vs 23% and 26%, respectively). These results indicate that herd management practices constitute a critical risk factor for sarcocystiosis in llamas. Differences in these practices include feeding of dogs with raw Sarcocystis-infected llama meat, with the consequent maintenance of the parasite life cycle by the contamination of pastures and water with fecal-derived infective oocysts/sporocysts. Additionally, the itinerancy of llama herds in search for pastures and water sources possibly exposes animals to a higher number of infective foci. On the other hand, percentages of seropositive llamas kept under controlled conditions in the Puna or the humid Pampas were not significantly different, suggesting that climate, altitude, and/or pasture characteristics do not influence Sarcocystis-infection. Male gender and older age of llamas were found to be propensity factors for sarcocystiosis in llamas bred in La Puna under controlled conditions. Availability of diagnostic tools, as well as increased knowledge on the parasite and its epidemiology, will allow the design of control strategies for SAC sarcocystiosis.
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2017-12
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Subjects: | Sarcocystis, Llama, Mejoramiento Animal, Infección, Llamas, Animal Breeding, Infection, |
Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/1950 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405939016302428 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vprsr.2017.08.006 |
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Sarcocystis Llama Mejoramiento Animal Infección Llamas Animal Breeding Infection Sarcocystis Llama Mejoramiento Animal Infección Llamas Animal Breeding Infection |
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Sarcocystis Llama Mejoramiento Animal Infección Llamas Animal Breeding Infection Sarcocystis Llama Mejoramiento Animal Infección Llamas Animal Breeding Infection Romero, Sandra Raquel Carletti, Tamara Decker Franco, Cecilia Moré, Gastón Schnittger, Leonhard Florin-Christensen, Mónica Seropositivity to Sarcocystis infection of llamas correlates with breeding practices |
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Production of llama (Lama glama) meat in rural communities of the Andean regions is largely affected by Sarcocystis spp. infection. Macroscopic cysts develop in muscles as a consequence of S. aucheniae parasitism, often resulting in meat downgrade or condemnation. Llama meat production is informal in Argentina but has broad perspectives for improvement, and would significantly benefit from the development of standardized control methodologies. This work analyzes whether the presence of anti-Sarcocystis spp. antibodies in llamas is influenced by factors such as geographic region and/or herd management practices. To this aim, an indirect ELISA was set up based on a ~ 23 kDa soluble immunogenic protein fraction (Sa23), isolated from S. aucheniae macrocysts (Sa23-iELISA). Serum samples (n = 507) were collected from llamas bred under three different conditions: (i) with no sanitation controls and in the presence of pastoral dogs by small producers of different localities of the Argentine Puna (Group I, n = 237); (ii) with sanitation controls and no pastoral dogs, in fenced fields of an experimental agricultural station in the Argentine Puna (Group II, n = 167); and (iii) with sanitation controls and no pastoral dogs in fenced fields of farms of the humid Pampas (Group III, n = 103). Results of the Sa23-iELISA were expressed as percentages of positivity with respect to a reference Sarcocystis-positive serum. Notably, the percentage of sera that fell above the cut-off (31.5% positivity) in group (i) was significantly higher (p < 0.001) than those of groups (ii) and (iii) (50% vs 23% and 26%, respectively). These results indicate that herd management practices constitute a critical risk factor for sarcocystiosis in llamas. Differences in these practices include feeding of dogs with raw Sarcocystis-infected llama meat, with the consequent maintenance of the parasite life cycle by the contamination of pastures and water with fecal-derived infective oocysts/sporocysts. Additionally, the itinerancy of llama herds in search for pastures and water sources possibly exposes animals to a higher number of infective foci. On the other hand, percentages of seropositive llamas kept under controlled conditions in the Puna or the humid Pampas were not significantly different, suggesting that climate, altitude, and/or pasture characteristics do not influence Sarcocystis-infection. Male gender and older age of llamas were found to be propensity factors for sarcocystiosis in llamas bred in La Puna under controlled conditions. Availability of diagnostic tools, as well as increased knowledge on the parasite and its epidemiology, will allow the design of control strategies for SAC sarcocystiosis. |
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info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo |
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Sarcocystis Llama Mejoramiento Animal Infección Llamas Animal Breeding Infection |
author |
Romero, Sandra Raquel Carletti, Tamara Decker Franco, Cecilia Moré, Gastón Schnittger, Leonhard Florin-Christensen, Mónica |
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Romero, Sandra Raquel Carletti, Tamara Decker Franco, Cecilia Moré, Gastón Schnittger, Leonhard Florin-Christensen, Mónica |
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Romero, Sandra Raquel |
title |
Seropositivity to Sarcocystis infection of llamas correlates with breeding practices |
title_short |
Seropositivity to Sarcocystis infection of llamas correlates with breeding practices |
title_full |
Seropositivity to Sarcocystis infection of llamas correlates with breeding practices |
title_fullStr |
Seropositivity to Sarcocystis infection of llamas correlates with breeding practices |
title_full_unstemmed |
Seropositivity to Sarcocystis infection of llamas correlates with breeding practices |
title_sort |
seropositivity to sarcocystis infection of llamas correlates with breeding practices |
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2017-12 |
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http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/1950 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405939016302428 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vprsr.2017.08.006 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT romerosandraraquel seropositivitytosarcocystisinfectionofllamascorrelateswithbreedingpractices AT carlettitamara seropositivitytosarcocystisinfectionofllamascorrelateswithbreedingpractices AT deckerfrancocecilia seropositivitytosarcocystisinfectionofllamascorrelateswithbreedingpractices AT moregaston seropositivitytosarcocystisinfectionofllamascorrelateswithbreedingpractices AT schnittgerleonhard seropositivitytosarcocystisinfectionofllamascorrelateswithbreedingpractices AT florinchristensenmonica seropositivitytosarcocystisinfectionofllamascorrelateswithbreedingpractices |
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oai:localhost:20.500.12123-19502019-01-24T17:52:36Z Seropositivity to Sarcocystis infection of llamas correlates with breeding practices Romero, Sandra Raquel Carletti, Tamara Decker Franco, Cecilia Moré, Gastón Schnittger, Leonhard Florin-Christensen, Mónica Sarcocystis Llama Mejoramiento Animal Infección Llamas Animal Breeding Infection Production of llama (Lama glama) meat in rural communities of the Andean regions is largely affected by Sarcocystis spp. infection. Macroscopic cysts develop in muscles as a consequence of S. aucheniae parasitism, often resulting in meat downgrade or condemnation. Llama meat production is informal in Argentina but has broad perspectives for improvement, and would significantly benefit from the development of standardized control methodologies. This work analyzes whether the presence of anti-Sarcocystis spp. antibodies in llamas is influenced by factors such as geographic region and/or herd management practices. To this aim, an indirect ELISA was set up based on a ~ 23 kDa soluble immunogenic protein fraction (Sa23), isolated from S. aucheniae macrocysts (Sa23-iELISA). Serum samples (n = 507) were collected from llamas bred under three different conditions: (i) with no sanitation controls and in the presence of pastoral dogs by small producers of different localities of the Argentine Puna (Group I, n = 237); (ii) with sanitation controls and no pastoral dogs, in fenced fields of an experimental agricultural station in the Argentine Puna (Group II, n = 167); and (iii) with sanitation controls and no pastoral dogs in fenced fields of farms of the humid Pampas (Group III, n = 103). Results of the Sa23-iELISA were expressed as percentages of positivity with respect to a reference Sarcocystis-positive serum. Notably, the percentage of sera that fell above the cut-off (31.5% positivity) in group (i) was significantly higher (p < 0.001) than those of groups (ii) and (iii) (50% vs 23% and 26%, respectively). These results indicate that herd management practices constitute a critical risk factor for sarcocystiosis in llamas. Differences in these practices include feeding of dogs with raw Sarcocystis-infected llama meat, with the consequent maintenance of the parasite life cycle by the contamination of pastures and water with fecal-derived infective oocysts/sporocysts. Additionally, the itinerancy of llama herds in search for pastures and water sources possibly exposes animals to a higher number of infective foci. On the other hand, percentages of seropositive llamas kept under controlled conditions in the Puna or the humid Pampas were not significantly different, suggesting that climate, altitude, and/or pasture characteristics do not influence Sarcocystis-infection. Male gender and older age of llamas were found to be propensity factors for sarcocystiosis in llamas bred in La Puna under controlled conditions. Availability of diagnostic tools, as well as increased knowledge on the parasite and its epidemiology, will allow the design of control strategies for SAC sarcocystiosis. IPAF NOA Fil: Romero, Sandra Raquel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Agricultura Familiar Región NOA; Argentina Fil: Carletti, Tamara. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Patobiología; Argentina Fil: Decker Franco, Cecilia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Patobiología; Argentina Fil: Moré, Gastón. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Laboratorio de Inmunoparasitología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Schnittger, Leonhard. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Patobiología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Florin-Christensen, Monica. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Patobiología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina 2018-03-02T18:20:32Z 2018-03-02T18:20:32Z 2017-12 info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12123/1950 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405939016302428 2405-9390 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vprsr.2017.08.006 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess application/pdf Veterinary parasitology: regional studies and reports 10 : 65-70. (December 2017) |