Scaling Up Marine Management : The Role of Marine Protected Areas

This study answers the key questions on marine protected areas (MPAs) by assessing country experience with these and other tools along the marine management area continuum that have been adopted to address loss of biodiversity and fisheries and other marine resource degradation, which have eroded traditional use rights and cultural identify. In light of the confusing array of MPA types and other Marine Management Areas, the report creates a typology of tools based on their structure and objectives and commented on their relative effectiveness in achieving objectives, including marine conservation. Finally, the report assesses the best way of scaling up these interventions to achieve results at meaningful scales through replication, networking, or mainstreaming onto other platforms. The main findings of this report were: open access is a principal driver of resource degradation in coastal commons; enforceable governance systems will be required to begin to deal with the formidable problem of regulating access (including types and rates of resource exploitation)-systems that can accommodate different marine coastal and marine environments and that do not undermine local cultural values and practices; while they can be successful in regulating access and use, particularly at the scale of local community-managed reserves, MPAs are fragile governance structures; they require ongoing stakeholder participation in co-management arrangements with authorities and adequate resources to enforce limited entry and use; MPAs are costly to establish and maintain; MPAs cannot survive in isolation; and a broad spectrum of MPA and other emerging coastal and marine management (CMM) frameworks are now in use.

Bibliographic Details

Main Author:	World Bank
Format:	Other Environmental Study biblioteca
Language:	English en_US
Published:	Washington, DC 2006-08
Subjects:	ADVERSE IMPACTS, AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES, ALLOWABLE CATCH, ALTERNATIVE LIVELIHOODS, AQUACULTURE, AQUATIC RESOURCES, AREA CLOSURES, ARTISANAL FISHING, BARRIER REEF, BENEFIT STREAMS, BIODIVERSITY, BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION, BIODIVERSITY LOSS, BIODIVERSITY PROTECTION, BIODIVERSITY VALUE, BIOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES, BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY, BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES, BIOMASS, BIOSPHERE, BIOSPHERE RESERVE, BIOSPHERE RESERVES, BLUE PLANET, BRAZILIAN COAST, BUFFER ZONES, CLIMATE CHANGE, CLIMATE CHANGE PHENOMENA, COASTAL AREA, COASTAL COMMUNITIES, COASTAL CONSERVATION, COASTAL DEVELOPMENT, COASTAL ECOSYSTEMS, COASTAL ENVIRONMENTS, COASTAL FISHERIES, COASTAL MANAGEMENT, COASTAL RESOURCES, COASTAL WATERS, COASTAL ZONE, COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT, COASTLINE, COMMON PROPERTY, COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS, CONSERVATION BIOLOGY, CONSERVATION COMMUNITY, CONSERVATION EFFORTS, CONSERVATION PRIORITIES, CORAL, CORAL BLEACHING, CORAL REEF, CORAL REEFS, CORRIDORS, CRITICAL HABITAT, CULTURAL HERITAGE, CULTURAL RESOURCES, CULTURAL VALUES, DECISION MAKING, DEMOGRAPHIC GROWTH, DESTRUCTIVE FISHING, ECOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE, ECOLOGICAL PROCESSES, ECOLOGICAL PROTECTION, ECOLOGICAL RESERVE, ECOLOGY, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC INSTRUMENTS, ECONOMIC PROCESSES, ECONOMICS, ECOSYSTEM, ECOSYSTEM ASSESSMENT, ECOSYSTEM FUNCTION, ECOSYSTEM GOODS, ECOSYSTEM HEALTH, ECOSYSTEM INTEGRITY, ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT, ECOSYSTEM RESTORATION, ECOSYSTEM STRUCTURE, EFFECTIVE MONITORING, EMISSIONS, ENCROACHMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL, ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION, ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT, ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS, ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, ENVIRONMENTAL USE, ENVIRONMENTS, EXPLOITATION, EXTERNALITIES, FARMS, FISH, FISH POPULATIONS, FISH STOCK, FISH STOCKS, FISHERIES, FISHERIES MANAGEMENT, FISHERIES RESOURCES, FISHERS, FISHERY MANAGEMENT, FISHING, FISHING EFFORT, FISHING GROUNDS, FISHING RIGHTS, FOOD CHAIN, FOOD SECURITY, FOOD WEB, FORESTS, FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS, GENETIC DIVERSITY, GHOST FISHING, GREAT BARRIER REEF, HABITAT, HABITAT PROTECTION, HABITATS, HIGH SEAS, HUMAN ACTIVITIES, HUMAN BEHAVIOR, HUMAN FOOTPRINT, HUMAN IMPACTS, HUMAN POPULATION, INTERNATIONAL FISHERIES, ISSUES, LAND USE, LANDSCAPE, LANDSCAPES, LARGE MARINE ECOSYSTEM, LARGE MARINE ECOSYSTEMS, LARGE MARINE PREDATORS, LEVEL OF PROTECTION, LIVELIHOODS, LOSS OF BIODIVERSITY, MANGROVES, MARINE AREAS, MARINE BIODIVERSITY, MARINE CAPTURE FISHERIES, MARINE CONSERVATION, MARINE ECOLOGY, MARINE ECOSYSTEMS, MARINE ENVIRONMENT, MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, MARINE ENVIRONMENTS, MARINE FISHERIES, MARINE FOOD, MARINE FOOD WEBS, MARINE HABITAT, MARINE HABITATS, MARINE LIFE, MARINE PARK, MARINE POLICY, MARINE POLLUTION, MARINE PREDATORS, MARINE PRODUCTS, MARINE RESERVES, MARINE RESOURCE, MARINE RESOURCES, MARINE RESOURCES MANAGEMENT, MARINE SCIENCE, MARINE SPECIES, MARINE SYSTEMS, MOUNTAINS, NATIONAL MARINE PARK, NATIONAL MARINE SANCTUARY, NATIONAL PARKS, NATURAL RESOURCES, NATURE, OCEANS, OFFSHORE DRILLING, OIL, OPEN ACCESS, OPEN OCEAN, OPEN TO FISHING, PARK AUTHORITY, PARTICIPATORY APPROACHES, POLITICAL ECONOMY, POLLUTION, POPULATION DYNAMICS, POPULATION PRESSURE, POPULATION PRESSURES, PREDATORY FISH, PROPERTY RIGHTS, PROTECTION OF BIODIVERSITY, PUBLIC EXPENDITURES, PURCHASING POWER, QUOTAS, RECREATIONAL FISHING, RED LIST, RELATIVE VALUE, REPLENISHMENT, RESOURCE CONSERVATION, RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, RESOURCE USE, SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, SEA CHANGE, SHIPS, SPATIAL MANAGEMENT, SPAWNING STOCK, SPECIES, SPECIES DIVERSITY, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, SUSTAINABLE FISHERIES, SUSTAINABLE USE, TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS, TERRESTRIAL SYSTEMS, TERRITORIAL WATERS, TOURISM, TRADITIONAL USE, TRAGEDY OF THE COMMONS, UPLAND AREAS, USER RIGHTS, VEGETATION, WASTE MANAGEMENT, WETLANDS, WILDLIFE, WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT, WORLD FISHERIES,
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2006/08/14183248/scaling-up-marine-management-role-marine-protected-areas http://hdl.handle.net/10986/8152
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