The Impact of Kazakhstan Accession to the World Trade Organization : A Quantitative Assessment
In this paper the authors use a computable general equilibrium model of the Kazakhstan economy to assess the impact of accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO), which encompasses (1) improved market access; (2) Kazakhstan tariff reduction; (3) reduction of barriers against entry by multinational service providers; and (4) reform of local content and value-added tax policies confronting multinational firms in the oil sector. They assume that foreign direct investment in business services is necessary for multinationals to compete well with Kazakstan business services providers, but cross-border service provision is also present. The model incorporates productivity effects in both goods and services markets endogenously, through a Dixit-Stiglitz framework. The authors estimated the ad valorem equivalent of barriers to foreign direct investment based on detailed questionnaires completed by specialized research institutes in Kazakhstan. They estimate that Kazakhstan will gain about 6.7 percent of the value of Kazakhstan consumption in the medium run from WTO accession and up to 17.5 percent in the long run. They estimate that the largest gains to Kazakhstan will derive from liberalization of barriers against multinational service providers, but the other three elements of WTO accession that the authors model all contribute positively to the estimated gains. Piecemeal sensitivity analysis shows that qualitatively the results are robust, but there are four parameters in the model that significantly affect the estimated magnitude of the gains from WTO accession.
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dig-okr-109867207 |
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koha |
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Banco Mundial |
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Estados Unidos |
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US |
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Bibliográfico |
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En linea |
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dig-okr |
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biblioteca |
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America del Norte |
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Biblioteca del Banco Mundial |
| language |
English |
| topic |
AGGREGATE EXPORTS AGRICULTURE AIR AIR TRANSPORT ANTIDUMPING ANTIDUMPING ACTIONS ANTIDUMPING CASES AUTHORIZED CAPITAL BASE YEAR BENCHMARK BUSINESS SERVICES CAPITAL GOOD CAPITAL STOCK COMPARATOR COUNTRIES COMPETITIVENESS CONSTANT ELASTICITY OF TRANSFORMATION CONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE CONSULTING SERVICES CONTROLLED COST FUNCTIONS COUNTRY OF ORIGIN DATA SOURCES DEMAND CURVE DOMESTIC MARKET ECONOMETRIC ESTIMATES ECONOMIC RESEARCH ELASTICITIES ELASTICITY ELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTION EQUILIBRIUM EXPENDITURES EXPORT INTENSITY EXPORT MARKETS EXPORT PRICE EXPORT PRICES EXPORT SUBSIDIES EXPORTERS EXPORTS EXTERNAL TRADE EXTERNALITY FOREIGN BANKS FOREIGN COMPETITION FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTORS FOREIGN FIRMS FOREIGN GOODS FOREIGN OWNERSHIP FOREIGN SUPPLIERS FREIGHT GAS SECTOR GDP GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODEL GLOBAL MARKETPLACE GOVERNMENT SUBSIDIES IMPERFECT COMPETITION INCREASING RETURNS INCREASING RETURNS TO SCALE INJURY INTERMEDIATE INPUTS INVESTMENT AGREEMENTS INVESTMENT CLIMATE INVESTMENT LIBERALIZATION LAND TRANSPORT MARGINAL COST MARGINAL COSTS MARGINAL PRODUCT MARGINAL REVENUE MARITIME TRANSPORT MARKET ACCESS METAL PRODUCTS MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITION MONOPOLY MULTINATIONAL FIRMS OPEN ECONOMY PASSENGER SERVICES POSITIVE EFFECTS PRICES PRIMARY FACTORS PRODUCT DIFFERENTIATION PRODUCTION FUNCTION PRODUCTIVITY PROFITABILITY RAILROAD RATE OF RETURN REAL EXCHANGE RATE REDUCTION IN TARIFFS REDUCTION OF BARRIERS REGULATORY BARRIERS REGULATORY FRAMEWORK RETURN ON CAPITAL ROUTE SAFETY SAFETY STANDARDS SUPPLY CURVES TARIFF RATE TARIFF RATES TARIFF REDUCTION TARIFF REDUCTIONS TARIFF REVENUE TAX TAX RATE TELECOMMUNICATION TELECOMMUNICATION SECTOR TELECOMMUNICATION SERVICES TELECOMMUNICATIONS TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICES TELEPHONE SERVICES TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY TRADE DISTORTING SUBSIDIES TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE POLICY TRANSPORT TRANSPORT SERVICES TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION SERVICES TRUE UNSKILLED LABOR VEHICLES WELFARE GAINS WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO ZERO PROFITS AGGREGATE EXPORTS AGRICULTURE AIR AIR TRANSPORT ANTIDUMPING ANTIDUMPING ACTIONS ANTIDUMPING CASES AUTHORIZED CAPITAL BASE YEAR BENCHMARK BUSINESS SERVICES CAPITAL GOOD CAPITAL STOCK COMPARATOR COUNTRIES COMPETITIVENESS CONSTANT ELASTICITY OF TRANSFORMATION CONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE CONSULTING SERVICES CONTROLLED COST FUNCTIONS COUNTRY OF ORIGIN DATA SOURCES DEMAND CURVE DOMESTIC MARKET ECONOMETRIC ESTIMATES ECONOMIC RESEARCH ELASTICITIES ELASTICITY ELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTION EQUILIBRIUM EXPENDITURES EXPORT INTENSITY EXPORT MARKETS EXPORT PRICE EXPORT PRICES EXPORT SUBSIDIES EXPORTERS EXPORTS EXTERNAL TRADE EXTERNALITY FOREIGN BANKS FOREIGN COMPETITION FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTORS FOREIGN FIRMS FOREIGN GOODS FOREIGN OWNERSHIP FOREIGN SUPPLIERS FREIGHT GAS SECTOR GDP GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODEL GLOBAL MARKETPLACE GOVERNMENT SUBSIDIES IMPERFECT COMPETITION INCREASING RETURNS INCREASING RETURNS TO SCALE INJURY INTERMEDIATE INPUTS INVESTMENT AGREEMENTS INVESTMENT CLIMATE INVESTMENT LIBERALIZATION LAND TRANSPORT MARGINAL COST MARGINAL COSTS MARGINAL PRODUCT MARGINAL REVENUE MARITIME TRANSPORT MARKET ACCESS METAL PRODUCTS MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITION MONOPOLY MULTINATIONAL FIRMS OPEN ECONOMY PASSENGER SERVICES POSITIVE EFFECTS PRICES PRIMARY FACTORS PRODUCT DIFFERENTIATION PRODUCTION FUNCTION PRODUCTIVITY PROFITABILITY RAILROAD RATE OF RETURN REAL EXCHANGE RATE REDUCTION IN TARIFFS REDUCTION OF BARRIERS REGULATORY BARRIERS REGULATORY FRAMEWORK RETURN ON CAPITAL ROUTE SAFETY SAFETY STANDARDS SUPPLY CURVES TARIFF RATE TARIFF RATES TARIFF REDUCTION TARIFF REDUCTIONS TARIFF REVENUE TAX TAX RATE TELECOMMUNICATION TELECOMMUNICATION SECTOR TELECOMMUNICATION SERVICES TELECOMMUNICATIONS TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICES TELEPHONE SERVICES TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY TRADE DISTORTING SUBSIDIES TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE POLICY TRANSPORT TRANSPORT SERVICES TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION SERVICES TRUE UNSKILLED LABOR VEHICLES WELFARE GAINS WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO ZERO PROFITS |
| spellingShingle |
AGGREGATE EXPORTS AGRICULTURE AIR AIR TRANSPORT ANTIDUMPING ANTIDUMPING ACTIONS ANTIDUMPING CASES AUTHORIZED CAPITAL BASE YEAR BENCHMARK BUSINESS SERVICES CAPITAL GOOD CAPITAL STOCK COMPARATOR COUNTRIES COMPETITIVENESS CONSTANT ELASTICITY OF TRANSFORMATION CONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE CONSULTING SERVICES CONTROLLED COST FUNCTIONS COUNTRY OF ORIGIN DATA SOURCES DEMAND CURVE DOMESTIC MARKET ECONOMETRIC ESTIMATES ECONOMIC RESEARCH ELASTICITIES ELASTICITY ELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTION EQUILIBRIUM EXPENDITURES EXPORT INTENSITY EXPORT MARKETS EXPORT PRICE EXPORT PRICES EXPORT SUBSIDIES EXPORTERS EXPORTS EXTERNAL TRADE EXTERNALITY FOREIGN BANKS FOREIGN COMPETITION FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTORS FOREIGN FIRMS FOREIGN GOODS FOREIGN OWNERSHIP FOREIGN SUPPLIERS FREIGHT GAS SECTOR GDP GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODEL GLOBAL MARKETPLACE GOVERNMENT SUBSIDIES IMPERFECT COMPETITION INCREASING RETURNS INCREASING RETURNS TO SCALE INJURY INTERMEDIATE INPUTS INVESTMENT AGREEMENTS INVESTMENT CLIMATE INVESTMENT LIBERALIZATION LAND TRANSPORT MARGINAL COST MARGINAL COSTS MARGINAL PRODUCT MARGINAL REVENUE MARITIME TRANSPORT MARKET ACCESS METAL PRODUCTS MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITION MONOPOLY MULTINATIONAL FIRMS OPEN ECONOMY PASSENGER SERVICES POSITIVE EFFECTS PRICES PRIMARY FACTORS PRODUCT DIFFERENTIATION PRODUCTION FUNCTION PRODUCTIVITY PROFITABILITY RAILROAD RATE OF RETURN REAL EXCHANGE RATE REDUCTION IN TARIFFS REDUCTION OF BARRIERS REGULATORY BARRIERS REGULATORY FRAMEWORK RETURN ON CAPITAL ROUTE SAFETY SAFETY STANDARDS SUPPLY CURVES TARIFF RATE TARIFF RATES TARIFF REDUCTION TARIFF REDUCTIONS TARIFF REVENUE TAX TAX RATE TELECOMMUNICATION TELECOMMUNICATION SECTOR TELECOMMUNICATION SERVICES TELECOMMUNICATIONS TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICES TELEPHONE SERVICES TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY TRADE DISTORTING SUBSIDIES TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE POLICY TRANSPORT TRANSPORT SERVICES TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION SERVICES TRUE UNSKILLED LABOR VEHICLES WELFARE GAINS WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO ZERO PROFITS AGGREGATE EXPORTS AGRICULTURE AIR AIR TRANSPORT ANTIDUMPING ANTIDUMPING ACTIONS ANTIDUMPING CASES AUTHORIZED CAPITAL BASE YEAR BENCHMARK BUSINESS SERVICES CAPITAL GOOD CAPITAL STOCK COMPARATOR COUNTRIES COMPETITIVENESS CONSTANT ELASTICITY OF TRANSFORMATION CONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE CONSULTING SERVICES CONTROLLED COST FUNCTIONS COUNTRY OF ORIGIN DATA SOURCES DEMAND CURVE DOMESTIC MARKET ECONOMETRIC ESTIMATES ECONOMIC RESEARCH ELASTICITIES ELASTICITY ELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTION EQUILIBRIUM EXPENDITURES EXPORT INTENSITY EXPORT MARKETS EXPORT PRICE EXPORT PRICES EXPORT SUBSIDIES EXPORTERS EXPORTS EXTERNAL TRADE EXTERNALITY FOREIGN BANKS FOREIGN COMPETITION FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTORS FOREIGN FIRMS FOREIGN GOODS FOREIGN OWNERSHIP FOREIGN SUPPLIERS FREIGHT GAS SECTOR GDP GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODEL GLOBAL MARKETPLACE GOVERNMENT SUBSIDIES IMPERFECT COMPETITION INCREASING RETURNS INCREASING RETURNS TO SCALE INJURY INTERMEDIATE INPUTS INVESTMENT AGREEMENTS INVESTMENT CLIMATE INVESTMENT LIBERALIZATION LAND TRANSPORT MARGINAL COST MARGINAL COSTS MARGINAL PRODUCT MARGINAL REVENUE MARITIME TRANSPORT MARKET ACCESS METAL PRODUCTS MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITION MONOPOLY MULTINATIONAL FIRMS OPEN ECONOMY PASSENGER SERVICES POSITIVE EFFECTS PRICES PRIMARY FACTORS PRODUCT DIFFERENTIATION PRODUCTION FUNCTION PRODUCTIVITY PROFITABILITY RAILROAD RATE OF RETURN REAL EXCHANGE RATE REDUCTION IN TARIFFS REDUCTION OF BARRIERS REGULATORY BARRIERS REGULATORY FRAMEWORK RETURN ON CAPITAL ROUTE SAFETY SAFETY STANDARDS SUPPLY CURVES TARIFF RATE TARIFF RATES TARIFF REDUCTION TARIFF REDUCTIONS TARIFF REVENUE TAX TAX RATE TELECOMMUNICATION TELECOMMUNICATION SECTOR TELECOMMUNICATION SERVICES TELECOMMUNICATIONS TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICES TELEPHONE SERVICES TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY TRADE DISTORTING SUBSIDIES TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE POLICY TRANSPORT TRANSPORT SERVICES TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION SERVICES TRUE UNSKILLED LABOR VEHICLES WELFARE GAINS WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO ZERO PROFITS Jensen, Jesper Tarr, David The Impact of Kazakhstan Accession to the World Trade Organization : A Quantitative Assessment |
| description |
In this paper the authors use a
computable general equilibrium model of the Kazakhstan
economy to assess the impact of accession to the World Trade
Organization (WTO), which encompasses (1) improved market
access; (2) Kazakhstan tariff reduction; (3) reduction of
barriers against entry by multinational service providers;
and (4) reform of local content and value-added tax policies
confronting multinational firms in the oil sector. They
assume that foreign direct investment in business services
is necessary for multinationals to compete well with
Kazakstan business services providers, but cross-border
service provision is also present. The model incorporates
productivity effects in both goods and services markets
endogenously, through a Dixit-Stiglitz framework. The
authors estimated the ad valorem equivalent of barriers to
foreign direct investment based on detailed questionnaires
completed by specialized research institutes in Kazakhstan.
They estimate that Kazakhstan will gain about 6.7 percent of
the value of Kazakhstan consumption in the medium run from
WTO accession and up to 17.5 percent in the long run. They
estimate that the largest gains to Kazakhstan will derive
from liberalization of barriers against multinational
service providers, but the other three elements of WTO
accession that the authors model all contribute positively
to the estimated gains. Piecemeal sensitivity analysis shows
that qualitatively the results are robust, but there are
four parameters in the model that significantly affect the
estimated magnitude of the gains from WTO accession. |
| topic_facet |
AGGREGATE EXPORTS AGRICULTURE AIR AIR TRANSPORT ANTIDUMPING ANTIDUMPING ACTIONS ANTIDUMPING CASES AUTHORIZED CAPITAL BASE YEAR BENCHMARK BUSINESS SERVICES CAPITAL GOOD CAPITAL STOCK COMPARATOR COUNTRIES COMPETITIVENESS CONSTANT ELASTICITY OF TRANSFORMATION CONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE CONSULTING SERVICES CONTROLLED COST FUNCTIONS COUNTRY OF ORIGIN DATA SOURCES DEMAND CURVE DOMESTIC MARKET ECONOMETRIC ESTIMATES ECONOMIC RESEARCH ELASTICITIES ELASTICITY ELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTION EQUILIBRIUM EXPENDITURES EXPORT INTENSITY EXPORT MARKETS EXPORT PRICE EXPORT PRICES EXPORT SUBSIDIES EXPORTERS EXPORTS EXTERNAL TRADE EXTERNALITY FOREIGN BANKS FOREIGN COMPETITION FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTORS FOREIGN FIRMS FOREIGN GOODS FOREIGN OWNERSHIP FOREIGN SUPPLIERS FREIGHT GAS SECTOR GDP GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODEL GLOBAL MARKETPLACE GOVERNMENT SUBSIDIES IMPERFECT COMPETITION INCREASING RETURNS INCREASING RETURNS TO SCALE INJURY INTERMEDIATE INPUTS INVESTMENT AGREEMENTS INVESTMENT CLIMATE INVESTMENT LIBERALIZATION LAND TRANSPORT MARGINAL COST MARGINAL COSTS MARGINAL PRODUCT MARGINAL REVENUE MARITIME TRANSPORT MARKET ACCESS METAL PRODUCTS MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITION MONOPOLY MULTINATIONAL FIRMS OPEN ECONOMY PASSENGER SERVICES POSITIVE EFFECTS PRICES PRIMARY FACTORS PRODUCT DIFFERENTIATION PRODUCTION FUNCTION PRODUCTIVITY PROFITABILITY RAILROAD RATE OF RETURN REAL EXCHANGE RATE REDUCTION IN TARIFFS REDUCTION OF BARRIERS REGULATORY BARRIERS REGULATORY FRAMEWORK RETURN ON CAPITAL ROUTE SAFETY SAFETY STANDARDS SUPPLY CURVES TARIFF RATE TARIFF RATES TARIFF REDUCTION TARIFF REDUCTIONS TARIFF REVENUE TAX TAX RATE TELECOMMUNICATION TELECOMMUNICATION SECTOR TELECOMMUNICATION SERVICES TELECOMMUNICATIONS TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICES TELEPHONE SERVICES TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY TRADE DISTORTING SUBSIDIES TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE POLICY TRANSPORT TRANSPORT SERVICES TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION SERVICES TRUE UNSKILLED LABOR VEHICLES WELFARE GAINS WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO ZERO PROFITS |
| author |
Jensen, Jesper Tarr, David |
| author_facet |
Jensen, Jesper Tarr, David |
| author_sort |
Jensen, Jesper |
| title |
The Impact of Kazakhstan Accession to the World Trade Organization : A Quantitative Assessment |
| title_short |
The Impact of Kazakhstan Accession to the World Trade Organization : A Quantitative Assessment |
| title_full |
The Impact of Kazakhstan Accession to the World Trade Organization : A Quantitative Assessment |
| title_fullStr |
The Impact of Kazakhstan Accession to the World Trade Organization : A Quantitative Assessment |
| title_full_unstemmed |
The Impact of Kazakhstan Accession to the World Trade Organization : A Quantitative Assessment |
| title_sort |
impact of kazakhstan accession to the world trade organization : a quantitative assessment |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2007-03 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2007/03/7413147/impact-kazakhstan-accession-world-trade-organization-quantitative-assessment https://hdl.handle.net/10986/7207 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT jensenjesper theimpactofkazakhstanaccessiontotheworldtradeorganizationaquantitativeassessment AT tarrdavid theimpactofkazakhstanaccessiontotheworldtradeorganizationaquantitativeassessment AT jensenjesper impactofkazakhstanaccessiontotheworldtradeorganizationaquantitativeassessment AT tarrdavid impactofkazakhstanaccessiontotheworldtradeorganizationaquantitativeassessment |
| _version_ |
1807159564105154560 |
| spelling |
dig-okr-1098672072024-08-08T17:01:39Z The Impact of Kazakhstan Accession to the World Trade Organization : A Quantitative Assessment Jensen, Jesper Tarr, David AGGREGATE EXPORTS AGRICULTURE AIR AIR TRANSPORT ANTIDUMPING ANTIDUMPING ACTIONS ANTIDUMPING CASES AUTHORIZED CAPITAL BASE YEAR BENCHMARK BUSINESS SERVICES CAPITAL GOOD CAPITAL STOCK COMPARATOR COUNTRIES COMPETITIVENESS CONSTANT ELASTICITY OF TRANSFORMATION CONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE CONSULTING SERVICES CONTROLLED COST FUNCTIONS COUNTRY OF ORIGIN DATA SOURCES DEMAND CURVE DOMESTIC MARKET ECONOMETRIC ESTIMATES ECONOMIC RESEARCH ELASTICITIES ELASTICITY ELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTION EQUILIBRIUM EXPENDITURES EXPORT INTENSITY EXPORT MARKETS EXPORT PRICE EXPORT PRICES EXPORT SUBSIDIES EXPORTERS EXPORTS EXTERNAL TRADE EXTERNALITY FOREIGN BANKS FOREIGN COMPETITION FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTORS FOREIGN FIRMS FOREIGN GOODS FOREIGN OWNERSHIP FOREIGN SUPPLIERS FREIGHT GAS SECTOR GDP GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODEL GLOBAL MARKETPLACE GOVERNMENT SUBSIDIES IMPERFECT COMPETITION INCREASING RETURNS INCREASING RETURNS TO SCALE INJURY INTERMEDIATE INPUTS INVESTMENT AGREEMENTS INVESTMENT CLIMATE INVESTMENT LIBERALIZATION LAND TRANSPORT MARGINAL COST MARGINAL COSTS MARGINAL PRODUCT MARGINAL REVENUE MARITIME TRANSPORT MARKET ACCESS METAL PRODUCTS MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITION MONOPOLY MULTINATIONAL FIRMS OPEN ECONOMY PASSENGER SERVICES POSITIVE EFFECTS PRICES PRIMARY FACTORS PRODUCT DIFFERENTIATION PRODUCTION FUNCTION PRODUCTIVITY PROFITABILITY RAILROAD RATE OF RETURN REAL EXCHANGE RATE REDUCTION IN TARIFFS REDUCTION OF BARRIERS REGULATORY BARRIERS REGULATORY FRAMEWORK RETURN ON CAPITAL ROUTE SAFETY SAFETY STANDARDS SUPPLY CURVES TARIFF RATE TARIFF RATES TARIFF REDUCTION TARIFF REDUCTIONS TARIFF REVENUE TAX TAX RATE TELECOMMUNICATION TELECOMMUNICATION SECTOR TELECOMMUNICATION SERVICES TELECOMMUNICATIONS TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICES TELEPHONE SERVICES TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY TRADE DISTORTING SUBSIDIES TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE POLICY TRANSPORT TRANSPORT SERVICES TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION SERVICES TRUE UNSKILLED LABOR VEHICLES WELFARE GAINS WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO ZERO PROFITS In this paper the authors use a computable general equilibrium model of the Kazakhstan economy to assess the impact of accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO), which encompasses (1) improved market access; (2) Kazakhstan tariff reduction; (3) reduction of barriers against entry by multinational service providers; and (4) reform of local content and value-added tax policies confronting multinational firms in the oil sector. They assume that foreign direct investment in business services is necessary for multinationals to compete well with Kazakstan business services providers, but cross-border service provision is also present. The model incorporates productivity effects in both goods and services markets endogenously, through a Dixit-Stiglitz framework. The authors estimated the ad valorem equivalent of barriers to foreign direct investment based on detailed questionnaires completed by specialized research institutes in Kazakhstan. They estimate that Kazakhstan will gain about 6.7 percent of the value of Kazakhstan consumption in the medium run from WTO accession and up to 17.5 percent in the long run. They estimate that the largest gains to Kazakhstan will derive from liberalization of barriers against multinational service providers, but the other three elements of WTO accession that the authors model all contribute positively to the estimated gains. Piecemeal sensitivity analysis shows that qualitatively the results are robust, but there are four parameters in the model that significantly affect the estimated magnitude of the gains from WTO accession. 2012-06-05T22:15:08Z 2012-06-05T22:15:08Z 2007-03 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2007/03/7413147/impact-kazakhstan-accession-world-trade-organization-quantitative-assessment https://hdl.handle.net/10986/7207 English Policy Research Working Paper; No. 4142 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank application/pdf text/plain World Bank, Washington, DC |