Location Decisions of Foreign Banks and Competitive Advantage
While institutional differences have been found to affect country growth patterns, much has remained unexplained, including how economic actors "overcome" institutional weaknesses and how internationalization helps or hinders development. Banking is an institutionally-intensive activity and the location decision of foreign banks provides a good test of how institutional differences are dealt with and how they may affect economic choices. Specifically, the authors examine whether banks seek out those markets where institutional familiarity provides them with a competitive advantage over other foreign competitor banks. Using bilateral data on banking sector foreign direct investment in all developing countries and controlling for other factors, they find that competitive advantage is an important factor in driving foreign banks' location decisions. The findings suggest that high institutional quality is not necessarily a prerequisite to attract foreign direct investment in banking and that there are specific benefits, as well as risks, to international financial integration between developing countries.
Summary: | While institutional differences have
been found to affect country growth patterns, much has
remained unexplained, including how economic actors
"overcome" institutional weaknesses and how
internationalization helps or hinders development. Banking
is an institutionally-intensive activity and the location
decision of foreign banks provides a good test of how
institutional differences are dealt with and how they may
affect economic choices. Specifically, the authors examine
whether banks seek out those markets where institutional
familiarity provides them with a competitive advantage over
other foreign competitor banks. Using bilateral data on
banking sector foreign direct investment in all developing
countries and controlling for other factors, they find that
competitive advantage is an important factor in driving
foreign banks' location decisions. The findings suggest
that high institutional quality is not necessarily a
prerequisite to attract foreign direct investment in banking
and that there are specific benefits, as well as risks, to
international financial integration between developing countries. |
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