Making Work Pay in Madagascar : Employment, Growth, and Poverty Reduction

There is little doubt that economic growth contributes significantly to poverty reduction; however, countries clearly differ in the degree to which income growth translates into reduced levels of poverty. Although cross-country estimates suggest that differences in the responsiveness of poverty to income growth account for a small fraction of overall differences in poverty changes across countries, from the point of view of an individual country these differences may have significant implications for poverty reduction, especially in the short term. The report is structured into eight chapters, beginning with this introduction. Chapter two describes the data and the main definitions used in this report. Chapter three provides the socioeconomic context of the study, with a particular emphasis on growth, poverty, and labor market characteristics. Chapter four takes a look at the linkages between macro and microeconomic data by reviewing the ways in which changes in aggregate and sectoral labor productivity translate into individual earnings as gathered from the household surveys. Chapter five also reviews the relationships between productivity and earnings by looking at the linkages between changes in aggregate and sectoral labor productivity data (macro) and changes in individual earnings as gathered from the household surveys (micro). Chapter six examines the origins and determining factors of household earnings and employment and assesses their impact on poverty and poverty reduction. Chapter seven analyzes the individual and household characteristics that are associated with having either 'good' jobs or 'bad' jobs and reviews the question of whether there may be barriers preventing the movement of workers from bad to good labor market segments. Finally, chapter eight describes the main conclusions of this report and provides suggestions for future work based on these conclusions.

Bibliographic Details

Main Authors:	Hoftijzer, Margo, Paci, Pierella
Language:	English en_US
Published:	Washington, DC: World Bank 2008
Subjects:	ACCESS TO EDUCATION, ACCESS TO EMPLOYMENT, ADULT POPULATION, ADULT WORKERS, AGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT, AGRICULTURAL GROWTH, AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS, AGRICULTURAL SECTOR, AGRICULTURAL WORKERS, AID EFFECTIVENESS, ASSESSING LABOR MARKET, CALCULATION, CASH PAYMENTS, CHILD LABOR, COMPARABILITY ISSUES, CONSTANT PRICES, CONSUMER, CONSUMER PRICE INDEX, CONTRIBUTION, CONTRIBUTIONS, CURRENT PRICES, DAILY WAGE, DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGES, DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION, DEPENDENCY RATIO, DEPRECIATION, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, DEVELOPMENT PLANS, DISSEMINATION, DOWNWARD BIAS, DRIVERS, EARNING, EARNINGS, EARNINGS INEQUALITY, ECONOMIC GROWTH, EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT, ELDERLY, ELDERLY POPULATION, EMPLOYMENT, EMPLOYMENT CREATION, EMPLOYMENT GENERATION, EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE, EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES, EMPLOYMENT RATE, EMPLOYMENT RATES, EMPLOYMENT SHARE, EMPLOYMENT STATUS, EQUAL ACCESS, EXPORT PROCESSING ZONE, EXPORT PROCESSING ZONES, FAMILY LABOR, FOOD PROCESSING, FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT, FORMAL EDUCATION, GENDER EQUALITY, GENDER GAP, GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS, HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION, HOUSEHOLD ENTERPRISE, HOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURE, HOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURES, HOUSEHOLD INCOME, HOUSEHOLD PARTICIPATION, HOUSEHOLD SURVEY, HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS, IMPACT ON POVERTY, IMPLICATIONS FOR POVERTY REDUCTION, INCIDENCE OF POVERTY, INCOME GROWTH, INCOME LEVELS, INCOME PROFILE, INCOME SOURCE, INCREASE IN INCOME, INFLATION, INFORMAL SECTOR, INTERNATIONAL LABOR ORGANIZATION, JOB CREATION, JOB SECURITY, JOBLESS GROWTH, JOBS, LABOR COSTS, LABOR FORCE, LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION, LABOR MARKET, LABOR MARKET CHARACTERISTICS, LABOR MARKET CONDITIONS, LABOR MARKET FUNCTIONS, LABOR MARKET INDICATORS, LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES, LABOR MARKETS, LABOR ORGANIZATION, LABOR PRODUCTIVITY, LABOR STANDARDS, LABORERS, LARGE CITIES, LEGAL STATUS, LEVEL OF EDUCATION, LEVELS OF EDUCATION, LIFE EXPECTANCY, LIVING CONDITIONS, LIVING STANDARD, LIVING STANDARDS, LOCAL CURRENCY, LOW EARNINGS, LOW LABOR PRODUCTIVITY, LOW-INCOME, LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES, LOW-INCOME COUNTRY, MARKET FAILURES, MIGRANT, MIGRATION, NATIONAL POVERTY, NATIONAL POVERTY LINE, NET EMPLOYMENT, NUMBER OF CHILDREN, NUMBER OF PEOPLE, NUMBER OF WORKERS, OPEN UNEMPLOYMENT, PACE OF POPULATION GROWTH, PACE OF URBANIZATION, PENSION, PENSION CONTRIBUTIONS, PERMANENT JOB, POOR HOUSEHOLDS, POPULATION CENSUS, POPULATION DATA, POPULATION ESTIMATES, POPULATION GROUPS, POPULATION GROWTH, POPULATION GROWTH RATE, POVERTY DATA, POVERTY IMPACT, POVERTY IMPACT OF GROWTH, POVERTY LEVEL, POVERTY REDUCTION, POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY, POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY PAPER, PREVIOUS LEVEL, PRIMARY EDUCATION, PRIMARY SCHOOLING, PRIVATE SECTOR, PROBABILITY, PRODUCTIVE SECTOR, PRODUCTIVITY DATA, PROGRESS, PUBLIC INVESTMENTS, PUBLIC WORKS, QUESTIONNAIRES, RATE OF GROWTH, REMITTANCES, RURAL, RURAL AREA, RURAL AREAS, RURAL EMPLOYMENT, RURAL HOUSEHOLDS, RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE, RURAL INHABITANTS, RURAL POOR, RURAL POPULATION, RURAL POVERTY, RURAL POVERTY RATE, RURAL POVERTY RATES, RURAL URBAN POVERTY, RURAL WORKERS, SAFETY NET, SALARIED EMPLOYMENT, SALARIED WORKERS, SAVINGS, SECOND JOB, SECONDARY EDUCATION, SELF-EMPLOYMENT, SKILLED WORKERS, SOCIAL PROTECTION, SOCIAL PROTECTION MECHANISMS, SOCIAL SECURITY, SUBSISTENCE FARMERS, TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, TOTAL EMPLOYMENT, TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY, UNEMPLOYED, UNEMPLOYED INDIVIDUALS, UNEMPLOYMENT, UNEMPLOYMENT RATE, UNEMPLOYMENT RATES, UNSKILLED LABOR, UNSKILLED WORKERS, URBAN AREAS, URBAN CENTERS, URBAN DEVELOPMENT, URBAN EMPLOYMENT, URBAN POPULATION, URBAN POVERTY, URBANIZATION, VALUABLE, VULNERABILITY, WAGE, WAGE EMPLOYMENT, WAGE PREMIUM, WAGES, WORKER, WORKERS, WORKFORCE, WORKING ADULTS, WORKING CHILDREN, WORKING POOR, WORKING POPULATION, WORKING-AGE POPULATION,
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2008/01/10694512/making-work-pay-madagascar-employment-growth-poverty-reduction https://hdl.handle.net/10986/6320
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