An Empirical Analysis of the Social Contract in the Middle East and North Africa Region and the Role of Digitalization in Its Transformation
This paper presents an empirical application and analysis of the social contract in countries in the Middle East and North Africa. The paper suggests a simple operational model that synthesizes a social contract’s three main characteristics: participation, protection, and provision, between a government and its citizens. This empirical “3-P” framework allows investigating the role that government provision and protection may have on citizen participation, which is particularly pertinent given the political and economic development of countries in the Middle East and North Africa. The paper compares the evaluation of the health of the social contract in countries in the Middle East and North Africa region to that of countries in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The empirical evidence shows that the social benefits provided to citizens through improved delivery of basic services have come at the cost of impaired political participation. This feature of the social contract in the Middle East and North Africa may be considered one of the root causes of the social turmoil some countries have been struggling with in recent decades. Digital transformation is a potentially powerful channel through which the relationship between government and citizens can improve, and the paper finds that it has a three-year lagged positive effect on the quality of the social contract in the Middle East and North Africa and the effect is inversely U-shaped. This suggests that structural and institutional improvements are needed in countries in the Middle East and North Africa for the quality of their social contract to reach levels comparable to those of countries in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
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Format: | Working Paper biblioteca |
Language: | English English |
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World Bank, Washington, DC
2023-06-15
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Subjects: | SOCIAL CONTRACT, DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION, ORGANIZATION FOR ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT (OECD), DIGITAL DIVIDE, PARTICIPATION, GOVENMENT PROVISION AND PROTECTION, |
Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/099810505242324163/IDU0aca77f6f0ff850411208fb10e1135391c4c7 https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/39885 |
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dig-okr-10986398852024-03-11T19:22:02Z An Empirical Analysis of the Social Contract in the Middle East and North Africa Region and the Role of Digitalization in Its Transformation Gasmi, Farid Kouakou, Dorgyles C. M. Noumba Um, Paul Milla, Pedro Rojas SOCIAL CONTRACT DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION ORGANIZATION FOR ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT (OECD) DIGITAL DIVIDE PARTICIPATION GOVENMENT PROVISION AND PROTECTION This paper presents an empirical application and analysis of the social contract in countries in the Middle East and North Africa. The paper suggests a simple operational model that synthesizes a social contract’s three main characteristics: participation, protection, and provision, between a government and its citizens. This empirical “3-P” framework allows investigating the role that government provision and protection may have on citizen participation, which is particularly pertinent given the political and economic development of countries in the Middle East and North Africa. The paper compares the evaluation of the health of the social contract in countries in the Middle East and North Africa region to that of countries in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The empirical evidence shows that the social benefits provided to citizens through improved delivery of basic services have come at the cost of impaired political participation. This feature of the social contract in the Middle East and North Africa may be considered one of the root causes of the social turmoil some countries have been struggling with in recent decades. Digital transformation is a potentially powerful channel through which the relationship between government and citizens can improve, and the paper finds that it has a three-year lagged positive effect on the quality of the social contract in the Middle East and North Africa and the effect is inversely U-shaped. This suggests that structural and institutional improvements are needed in countries in the Middle East and North Africa for the quality of their social contract to reach levels comparable to those of countries in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. 2023-06-15T20:03:29Z 2023-06-15T20:03:29Z 2023-06-15 Working Paper http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/099810505242324163/IDU0aca77f6f0ff850411208fb10e1135391c4c7 https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/39885 English en Policy Research Working Papers; 10455 CC BY 3.0 IGO CC BY 3.0 IGO https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/igo/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank application/pdf text/plain World Bank, Washington, DC |
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SOCIAL CONTRACT DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION ORGANIZATION FOR ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT (OECD) DIGITAL DIVIDE PARTICIPATION GOVENMENT PROVISION AND PROTECTION SOCIAL CONTRACT DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION ORGANIZATION FOR ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT (OECD) DIGITAL DIVIDE PARTICIPATION GOVENMENT PROVISION AND PROTECTION |
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SOCIAL CONTRACT DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION ORGANIZATION FOR ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT (OECD) DIGITAL DIVIDE PARTICIPATION GOVENMENT PROVISION AND PROTECTION SOCIAL CONTRACT DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION ORGANIZATION FOR ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT (OECD) DIGITAL DIVIDE PARTICIPATION GOVENMENT PROVISION AND PROTECTION Gasmi, Farid Kouakou, Dorgyles C. M. Noumba Um, Paul Milla, Pedro Rojas An Empirical Analysis of the Social Contract in the Middle East and North Africa Region and the Role of Digitalization in Its Transformation |
description |
This paper presents an empirical
application and analysis of the social contract in countries
in the Middle East and North Africa. The paper suggests a
simple operational model that synthesizes a social
contract’s three main characteristics: participation,
protection, and provision, between a government and its
citizens. This empirical “3-P” framework allows
investigating the role that government provision and
protection may have on citizen participation, which is
particularly pertinent given the political and economic
development of countries in the Middle East and North
Africa. The paper compares the evaluation of the health of
the social contract in countries in the Middle East and
North Africa region to that of countries in the Organisation
for Economic Co-operation and Development. The empirical
evidence shows that the social benefits provided to citizens
through improved delivery of basic services have come at the
cost of impaired political participation. This feature of
the social contract in the Middle East and North Africa may
be considered one of the root causes of the social turmoil
some countries have been struggling with in recent decades.
Digital transformation is a potentially powerful channel
through which the relationship between government and
citizens can improve, and the paper finds that it has a
three-year lagged positive effect on the quality of the
social contract in the Middle East and North Africa and the
effect is inversely U-shaped. This suggests that structural
and institutional improvements are needed in countries in
the Middle East and North Africa for the quality of their
social contract to reach levels comparable to those of
countries in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. |
format |
Working Paper |
topic_facet |
SOCIAL CONTRACT DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION ORGANIZATION FOR ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT (OECD) DIGITAL DIVIDE PARTICIPATION GOVENMENT PROVISION AND PROTECTION |
author |
Gasmi, Farid Kouakou, Dorgyles C. M. Noumba Um, Paul Milla, Pedro Rojas |
author_facet |
Gasmi, Farid Kouakou, Dorgyles C. M. Noumba Um, Paul Milla, Pedro Rojas |
author_sort |
Gasmi, Farid |
title |
An Empirical Analysis of the Social Contract in the Middle East and North Africa Region and the Role of Digitalization in Its Transformation |
title_short |
An Empirical Analysis of the Social Contract in the Middle East and North Africa Region and the Role of Digitalization in Its Transformation |
title_full |
An Empirical Analysis of the Social Contract in the Middle East and North Africa Region and the Role of Digitalization in Its Transformation |
title_fullStr |
An Empirical Analysis of the Social Contract in the Middle East and North Africa Region and the Role of Digitalization in Its Transformation |
title_full_unstemmed |
An Empirical Analysis of the Social Contract in the Middle East and North Africa Region and the Role of Digitalization in Its Transformation |
title_sort |
empirical analysis of the social contract in the middle east and north africa region and the role of digitalization in its transformation |
publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
publishDate |
2023-06-15 |
url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/099810505242324163/IDU0aca77f6f0ff850411208fb10e1135391c4c7 https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/39885 |
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