Return Migration and Labor Market Outcomes : Evidence from South Asia
Despite the magnitude of return migration from overseas to South Asia, the labor market outcomes of return migrants to this region have been understudied. This paper aims at filling this gap by examining systematic differences between the labor market outcomes of return migrants and nonmigrants in Bangladesh, Nepal, and Pakistan using nationally-representative surveys that include information on past migration. Conditional regression analysis is used with a focus on four labor market outcomes: (i) labor force status (ii) sectoral choice (iii) employment type, and (iv) earnings. The paper finds that return migrants are somewhat less likely to be employed than nonmigrants, which is mainly driven by returnees who returned at an older age. As evidenced in other contexts, return migrants in Bangladesh and Pakistan are more likely to become entrepreneurs compared with nonmigrants. Self-employed returnees are also more likely to hire paid employees and to be engaged in non-farm activities, compared with nonmigrant entrepreneurs. Return migrants who become employees earn a small wage premium relative to nonmigrants, compared with contexts where temporary migrants are higher-skilled. The returnee wage premium, however, is larger in the construction sector where most temporary migrants were employed overseas.
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Format: | Working Paper biblioteca |
Language: | English English |
Published: |
World Bank, Washington, D.C.
2022-09
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Subjects: | RETURN MIGRATION, LABOR SUPPLY, OCCUPATIONAL CHOICE, WAGE PREMIUM, RETURNEE ENTREPRENEURS, RETURN MIGRANTS WAGES, |
Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/099454409142228754/IDU0fca87f5e08111046900a713041f7dc8fc15f http://hdl.handle.net/10986/38461 |
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dig-okr-10986384612023-01-12T05:10:45Z Return Migration and Labor Market Outcomes : Evidence from South Asia Bossavie, Laurent Wang, He RETURN MIGRATION LABOR SUPPLY OCCUPATIONAL CHOICE WAGE PREMIUM RETURNEE ENTREPRENEURS RETURN MIGRANTS WAGES Despite the magnitude of return migration from overseas to South Asia, the labor market outcomes of return migrants to this region have been understudied. This paper aims at filling this gap by examining systematic differences between the labor market outcomes of return migrants and nonmigrants in Bangladesh, Nepal, and Pakistan using nationally-representative surveys that include information on past migration. Conditional regression analysis is used with a focus on four labor market outcomes: (i) labor force status (ii) sectoral choice (iii) employment type, and (iv) earnings. The paper finds that return migrants are somewhat less likely to be employed than nonmigrants, which is mainly driven by returnees who returned at an older age. As evidenced in other contexts, return migrants in Bangladesh and Pakistan are more likely to become entrepreneurs compared with nonmigrants. Self-employed returnees are also more likely to hire paid employees and to be engaged in non-farm activities, compared with nonmigrant entrepreneurs. Return migrants who become employees earn a small wage premium relative to nonmigrants, compared with contexts where temporary migrants are higher-skilled. The returnee wage premium, however, is larger in the construction sector where most temporary migrants were employed overseas. 2023-01-11T23:03:52Z 2023-01-11T23:03:52Z 2022-09 Working Paper http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/099454409142228754/IDU0fca87f5e08111046900a713041f7dc8fc15f http://hdl.handle.net/10986/38461 English en Policy Research Working Papers;10180 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo World Bank World Bank, Washington, D.C. Working Papers Working Papers :: Policy Research Working Papers South Asia Bangladesh Nepal Pakistan |
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RETURN MIGRATION LABOR SUPPLY OCCUPATIONAL CHOICE WAGE PREMIUM RETURNEE ENTREPRENEURS RETURN MIGRANTS WAGES RETURN MIGRATION LABOR SUPPLY OCCUPATIONAL CHOICE WAGE PREMIUM RETURNEE ENTREPRENEURS RETURN MIGRANTS WAGES |
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RETURN MIGRATION LABOR SUPPLY OCCUPATIONAL CHOICE WAGE PREMIUM RETURNEE ENTREPRENEURS RETURN MIGRANTS WAGES RETURN MIGRATION LABOR SUPPLY OCCUPATIONAL CHOICE WAGE PREMIUM RETURNEE ENTREPRENEURS RETURN MIGRANTS WAGES Bossavie, Laurent Wang, He Return Migration and Labor Market Outcomes : Evidence from South Asia |
description |
Despite the magnitude of return
migration from overseas to South Asia, the labor market
outcomes of return migrants to this region have been
understudied. This paper aims at filling this gap by
examining systematic differences between the labor market
outcomes of return migrants and nonmigrants in Bangladesh,
Nepal, and Pakistan using nationally-representative surveys
that include information on past migration. Conditional
regression analysis is used with a focus on four labor
market outcomes: (i) labor force status (ii) sectoral choice
(iii) employment type, and (iv) earnings. The paper finds
that return migrants are somewhat less likely to be employed
than nonmigrants, which is mainly driven by returnees who
returned at an older age. As evidenced in other contexts,
return migrants in Bangladesh and Pakistan are more likely
to become entrepreneurs compared with nonmigrants.
Self-employed returnees are also more likely to hire paid
employees and to be engaged in non-farm activities, compared
with nonmigrant entrepreneurs. Return migrants who become
employees earn a small wage premium relative to nonmigrants,
compared with contexts where temporary migrants are
higher-skilled. The returnee wage premium, however, is
larger in the construction sector where most temporary
migrants were employed overseas. |
format |
Working Paper |
topic_facet |
RETURN MIGRATION LABOR SUPPLY OCCUPATIONAL CHOICE WAGE PREMIUM RETURNEE ENTREPRENEURS RETURN MIGRANTS WAGES |
author |
Bossavie, Laurent Wang, He |
author_facet |
Bossavie, Laurent Wang, He |
author_sort |
Bossavie, Laurent |
title |
Return Migration and Labor Market Outcomes : Evidence from South Asia |
title_short |
Return Migration and Labor Market Outcomes : Evidence from South Asia |
title_full |
Return Migration and Labor Market Outcomes : Evidence from South Asia |
title_fullStr |
Return Migration and Labor Market Outcomes : Evidence from South Asia |
title_full_unstemmed |
Return Migration and Labor Market Outcomes : Evidence from South Asia |
title_sort |
return migration and labor market outcomes : evidence from south asia |
publisher |
World Bank, Washington, D.C. |
publishDate |
2022-09 |
url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/099454409142228754/IDU0fca87f5e08111046900a713041f7dc8fc15f http://hdl.handle.net/10986/38461 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT bossavielaurent returnmigrationandlabormarketoutcomesevidencefromsouthasia AT wanghe returnmigrationandlabormarketoutcomesevidencefromsouthasia |
_version_ |
1756576242735251456 |