The Economy-wide Effects of Further Trade Reforms in Tunisia’s Services Sectors

The purpose of this paper is to benchmark Tunisia against other emerging economies in terms of the regulatory barriers affecting particular services sectors, and to assess the economy-wide effects of further liberalizing these services trade restrictions, compared with reducing the dispersion in barriers to its merchandise trade. On the basis of a rather restricted sample of services sectors, partial regulatory reform would yield gains roughly equivalent to full unilateral reform of manufacturing tariffs, but roughly one-tenth the gains from full bilateral reform of border protection in agriculture with the European Union. The adjustment costs associated with these services trade reforms would be minimal. The paper identifies the reasons why the gains from these services reforms are relatively small, and argues that a wider set of reforms could provide win-win outcomes and even fewer adjustment costs. By contrast, the gains in agriculture and manufacturing tend to come at the expense of domestic output in the reforming sectors -- the gains are greater, but so too are the adjustment costs.

Bibliographic Details

Main Authors:	Dee, Philippa, Diop, Ndiame
Format:	Policy Research Working Paper biblioteca
Language:	English
Published:	2010-06-01
Subjects:	ACCOUNTING, ACCOUNTING SERVICES, ADVERSE EFFECT, ADVERTISING, AGRICULTURE, AIR, AIR FARES, AIR PASSENGER, AIR SERVICE, AIR TRAFFIC, AIR TRANSPORT, AVERAGE PRICE, AVIATION INDUSTRY, BANK LENDING, BANK REGULATION, BANKING SERVICES, BARRIERS TO ENTRY, BENCHMARK, BENCHMARK DATA, BENCHMARKING, BENCHMARKS, BILATERAL TRADE, CAPITAL ACCUMULATION, CAPITAL MARKETS, CARRIERS, CD, COMPETITIVENESS, CONDITIONS OF ENTRY, CONSUMER PRICES, CONSUMER SURPLUS, CONSUMERS, CONTESTABILITY, CREDIT CARDS, DEPOSITS, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, DEVELOPING ECONOMY, DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS, DIRECT ACCESS, DOMESTIC AVIATION, DOMESTIC BANK, DOMESTIC BANKS, DOMESTIC CAPITAL, DOMESTIC CAPITAL MARKETS, DUOPOLY, ECOMMERCE, ECONOMETRICS, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, ECONOMIC INTEGRATION, ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE, ECONOMIC RENTS, ECONOMIES OF SCALE, EMERGING ECONOMIES, EMPLOYMENT, EQUILIBRIUM, EXPORTS, FINANCIAL CRISIS, FINANCIAL INCENTIVES, FINANCIAL SECTOR, FINANCIAL SERVICES, FOREIGN BANK, FOREIGN BANKS, FOREIGN COMPETITION, FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT, FOREIGN EXCHANGE, FOREIGN FIRMS, FOREIGN INVESTMENT, FOREIGN OWNERSHIP, FREE TRADE, FREE TRADE AGREEMENT, FREIGHT, FUTURE GROWTH, GDP, GLOBAL ECONOMY, GLOBAL MARKET, GLOBAL MARKETS, GNP, GOVERNMENT FINANCE, GOVERNMENT INTERVENTIONS, GROWTH RATES, HEALTH SERVICES, HOME COUNTRIES, HOME COUNTRY, HOUSING, IMPERFECT SUBSTITUTES, IMPORT BARRIERS, IMPORT TARIFFS, INCOME, INSURANCE, INTEREST RATE, INTERNATIONAL AIR SERVICES, INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS, INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION, INTERNATIONAL ECONOMY, INTERNATIONAL MARKET, INTERNATIONAL TRADE, JOB CREATION, JOINT VENTURE, LABOR MARKET, LAWS, LIBERALIZATION, MARITIME TRANSPORT, MARKET ACCESS, MARKET REGULATION, MARKET SHARE, MARKET STRUCTURE, MARKETING, MERCHANDISE, MERCHANDISE TRADE, MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITION, MONOPOLY, MOTOR VEHICLES, NET LOSS, NEW ENTRANTS, OUTPUT, OUTSOURCING, OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE, PASSENGER KILOMETRES, PASSENGER TRAFFIC, PASSENGER TRANSPORT, PASSENGERS, PERFORMANCE MEASURES, PRICE CHANGES, PRODUCER PRICES, PRODUCT DIFFERENTIATION, PRODUCT MARKET, PRODUCTIVITY, PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH, PROTECTION STRUCTURE, PUBLIC OWNERSHIP, QUOTAS, REAL GDP, REAL SECTOR, REDISTRIBUTIVE EFFECTS, REGULATORY CONDITIONS, REGULATORY REGIME, REGULATORY RESTRICTIONS, RETAIL, RETAIL TRADE, REVENUE PASSENGER, ROUTES, SALES, SANITATION, SAVINGS, SAVINGS RATES, SECURITIES, SMALL BUSINESS, SUPPLIERS, SUPPLY CHAINS, SUPPLY CURVES, TAX, TAX RATES, TELECOMMUNICATIONS, TOTAL REVENUE, TRADE BARRIERS, TRADE LIBERALIZATION, TRADE NEGOTIATIONS, TRADE POLICY, TRADE REFORMS, TRADING ACTIVITIES, TRADING ACTIVITY, TRANSPORT COSTS, TRANSPORT EQUIPMENT, TRANSPORT INDUSTRY, TRUE, URUGUAY ROUND, VALUE ADDED, WAGES, WORLD ECONOMY, WTO,
Online Access:	http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20100621084841 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/3826
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