Zimbabwe’s Infrastructure : A Continental Perspective

Despite general economic decline and power-supply deficiencies, infrastructure made a modest net contribution of just less than half a percentage point to Zimbabwe's improved per capita growth performance in recent years. Raising the country's infrastructure endowment to that of the region's middle-income countries could boost annual growth by about 2.4 percentage points. Zimbabwe made significant progress in infrastructure in its early period as an independent state, building a national electricity network with regional interconnections, an extensive and internationally connected road network, and a water and sewer system. But the country has been unable to maintain its existing infrastructure since it became immersed in economic and political turmoil in the late 1990s. Zimbabwe now faces a number of important infrastructure challenges, the most pressing of which lie in the power and water sectors, where deteriorating conditions pose risks to the economy and public health. Zimbabwe currently spends about $0.8 billion per year on infrastructure, though $0.7 billion of this is lost to inefficiencies of various kinds. Even if these inefficiencies were fully captured, Zimbabwe would still face an infrastructure funding gap of $0.6 billion per year. That staggering figure can be reduced, however, to $0.4 billion if the country adopts a more modest spending scenario, or even to $0.1 billion under a minimalist, maintenance-only scenario. To close the gap, Zimbabwe needs to raise additional public, private-sector, and international funding, which, when coupled with the prospect of economic rebound and prudent policies, would allow the country to regain its historic infrastructure advantages.

Bibliographic Details

Main Authors:	Pushak, Nataliya, Briceno-Garmendia, Cecilia M.
Format:	Policy Research Working Paper biblioteca
Language:	English
Published:	2011-09-01
Subjects:	ABUSE OF MONOPOLY POWER, ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY, ACCESS TO WATER, ACCESSIBILITY, ACCIDENTS, ADEQUATE FINANCING, ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS, AIR, AIR TRANSPORT, AIR TRANSPORT SECTOR, AIRCRAFT, AIRPORTS, ALLOCATING WATER RIGHTS, ALTERNATIVE ROUTE, ARTERIES, ARTERY, AVAILABILITY, AVERAGE TARIFF, BALANCE, BANDWIDTH, BILL COLLECTION, BORDER CROSSING, BORDER CROSSINGS, BORDER TRADE, BORDER TRANSMISSION, CABLE, CAPACITY EXPANSION, CAPITAL EXPENDITURE, CAPITAL EXPENDITURES, CAPITAL INVESTMENT, CAPITAL INVESTMENTS, CAR, CARRIERS, CEMENT, CENTRAL GOVERNMENT, COAL, COAL PRICE, COAL SUPPLY, COMPETITIVE MARKETS, CONCESSION, CONCESSION CONTRACT, CONNECTED ROAD NETWORK, COST OF POWER, COST PER KILOWATT, COST RECOVERY, COVERING, CUBIC METER, CUBIC METERS, DAMS, DEMAND FOR POWER, DERAILMENTS, DIESEL, DISCOUNT RATE, DISPOSAL SYSTEMS, DISTRIBUTION GRID, DISTRIBUTION LOSSES, DISTRIBUTION NETWORK, DOMESTIC COAL, DOMESTIC ENERGY, DRAINAGE, DRIVING, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC LOSS, ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY, ELECTRICITY, ELECTRICITY SUPPLY, ENERGY OUTLOOK, ENERGY RESOURCES, ENERGY SOURCES, FINANCIAL CAPACITY, FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE, FLUSH TOILETS, FOREIGN INVESTMENT, FREIGHT, FUEL, GASOLINE, GENERATING CAPACITY, GENERATION, GENERATION CAPACITY, GOVERNMENT BUDGET, GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, GROWTH RATES, HIGH TRAFFIC DENSITY, HOLDING COMPANY, HOUSEHOLDS, HYDROPOWER, HYDROPOWER GENERATION, INFRASTRUCTURE ASSETS, INFRASTRUCTURE FUNDING, INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT, INFRASTRUCTURE SERVICES, INFRASTRUCTURE SPENDING, INFRASTRUCTURES, INTERNATIONAL AIR TRANSPORT, INTERNATIONAL AIR TRANSPORT ASSOCIATION, INTERNATIONAL AVIATION, INTERNATIONAL ENERGY, INTERNATIONAL MARKETS, INTERNATIONAL TRAVEL, INVESTMENT CLIMATE, INVESTMENT COST, INVESTMENT COSTS, INVESTMENT DECISIONS, INVESTMENT TARGETS, IRRIGATION, IRRIGATION SYSTEMS, KILOWATT-HOUR, LENGTH OF ROAD, LEVEL OF COMPETITION, LOCOMOTIVE, MAINTENANCE COSTS, MARKET ACCESS, MARKET CONCENTRATION, MINERAL RESOURCES, NATURAL RESOURCES, O&M, OIL, OIL IMPORTS, OPEN ACCESS, OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY, OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE, PIPED WATER, POPULATION GROWTH, POTABLE WATER, POWER, POWER CAPACITY, POWER COSTS, POWER DEMAND, POWER NETWORK, POWER PRICES, POWER SECTOR, POWER SECTORS, POWER STATION, POWER SYSTEM, POWER THEFT, POWER TRADE, PRIVATE FINANCING, PROVISION OF WATER, PUBLIC FUNDING, PUBLIC INVESTMENT, PUBLIC SECTOR, QUALITY OF SERVICE, RAIL, RAIL FREIGHT, RAIL NETWORK, RAIL OPERATOR, RAIL TRAFFIC, RAIL TRANSPORTATION, RAILROAD, RAILWAY, RAILWAY NETWORK, RAILWAYS, REGIONAL TRANSIT, REGIONAL TRANSPORT, RESIDENTIAL DEMAND, RESPONSIBILITY FOR WATER, RESPONSIBILITY FOR WATER SUPPLY, REVENUE COLLECTION, ROAD, ROAD CONDITIONS, ROAD CONNECTIONS, ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE, ROAD MAINTENANCE, ROAD NETWORKS, ROAD SECTOR, ROAD TRAFFIC, ROADS, ROUTE, RURAL COMMUNITIES, RURAL ELECTRIFICATION, RURAL ROADS, SANITATION, SANITATION FACILITIES, SANITATION SECTOR, SANITATION SOLUTIONS, SANITATION UTILITIES, SERVICE PROVIDERS, SERVICE QUALITY, SEWER SYSTEM, SEWERAGE SYSTEM, SUGARCANE, SURFACE WATER, TARIFF CHANGES, TARIFF REGULATION, TAX, TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICES, THERMAL PLANTS, THERMAL POWER, THERMAL POWER GENERATION, TOLL, TOWNS, TRAFFIC, TRAFFIC FLOWS, TRANSIT, TRANSMISSION CAPACITY, TRANSPORT CAPACITY, TRANSPORT CORRIDORS, TRANSPORT INDICATORS, TRANSPORT MARKET, TRANSPORT MODES, TRANSPORT QUALITY, TRANSPORT SAFETY, TRANSPORTATION, TRANSPORTATION SERVICES, TRUE, URBAN AREAS, URBAN DWELLERS, URBAN ROAD, URBAN ROADS, URBAN WATER, URBAN WATER UTILITIES, UTILITIES, UTILITY SERVICES, VERTICAL INTEGRATION, WASTEWATER SERVICES, WATER AUTHORITY, WATER CONSUMPTION, WATER PRODUCTION, WATER QUALITY, WATER RESOURCE, WATER RESOURCES, WATER SERVICE, WATER SOURCE, WATER SOURCES, WATER STORAGE, WATER SUPPLY, WATER TARIFFS, WATER USE, WATER UTILITIES, WATERSHED, WELLS,
Online Access:	http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20111006092919 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/3601
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