Evidence to Inform Policy : What Works to Close the Gender Gaps in Middle East and North Africa
The traditional unequal division of household chores and caregiving hinder women from entering the labor market. Women in Egypt spend 9.5 hours more on unpaid household chores for every hour spent by men. Forty percent of women reported spending more time on household chores during the COVID–19 pandemic. Lack of access to affordable childcare is a constraint on the female labor supply in Egypt. Almost 96 percent of women in the pilot study expressed interest in childcare centers, but high costs are a concern. Weak demand for female workers, especially in the STEM fields, limits women’s job opportunities. About 60 percent of employers reported that they prefer to hire men due to women’s household responsibilities. About 87 percent of respondents noted approval with women working. However, the support declined steadily as additional information about the nature of the job or working hours was specified. One-third of women said that their husbands would not allow them to work outside of the house, and none of the men agreed with women working in a mixed-gendered environment, highlighting restrictive gender norms’ impact on female labor supply. These findings underscore the importance of our two randomized interventions designed to provide low-cost childcare services and signal firms to hire women through our employment services.
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Brief biblioteca |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
World Bank, Washington, DC
2021-05
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| Subjects: | GENDER INNOVATION LAB, FEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION, CHILDCARE, HOUSEHOLD ROLES, CORONAVIRUS, COVID-19, PANDEMIC IMPACT, GENDER NORMS, |
| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/252771619058817635/Evidence-to-Inform-Policy-What-Works-to-Close-the-Gender-Gaps-in-Middle-East-and-North-Africa http://hdl.handle.net/10986/35527 |
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dig-okr-10986355272022-08-10T14:23:04Z Evidence to Inform Policy : What Works to Close the Gender Gaps in Middle East and North Africa Mottaghi, Lili Crepon, Bruno Krafft, Caroline Caria, Stefano Nagy , Abdelrahman Fadl, Noha GENDER INNOVATION LAB FEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION CHILDCARE HOUSEHOLD ROLES CORONAVIRUS COVID-19 PANDEMIC IMPACT GENDER NORMS The traditional unequal division of household chores and caregiving hinder women from entering the labor market. Women in Egypt spend 9.5 hours more on unpaid household chores for every hour spent by men. Forty percent of women reported spending more time on household chores during the COVID–19 pandemic. Lack of access to affordable childcare is a constraint on the female labor supply in Egypt. Almost 96 percent of women in the pilot study expressed interest in childcare centers, but high costs are a concern. Weak demand for female workers, especially in the STEM fields, limits women’s job opportunities. About 60 percent of employers reported that they prefer to hire men due to women’s household responsibilities. About 87 percent of respondents noted approval with women working. However, the support declined steadily as additional information about the nature of the job or working hours was specified. One-third of women said that their husbands would not allow them to work outside of the house, and none of the men agreed with women working in a mixed-gendered environment, highlighting restrictive gender norms’ impact on female labor supply. These findings underscore the importance of our two randomized interventions designed to provide low-cost childcare services and signal firms to hire women through our employment services. 2021-04-29T19:52:51Z 2021-04-29T19:52:51Z 2021-05 Brief http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/252771619058817635/Evidence-to-Inform-Policy-What-Works-to-Close-the-Gender-Gaps-in-Middle-East-and-North-Africa http://hdl.handle.net/10986/35527 English Research and Policy Brief; CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research Publications & Research :: Brief Middle East and North Africa Egypt, Arab Republic of |
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| component |
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| databasecode |
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| region |
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| libraryname |
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| language |
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| topic |
GENDER INNOVATION LAB FEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION CHILDCARE HOUSEHOLD ROLES CORONAVIRUS COVID-19 PANDEMIC IMPACT GENDER NORMS GENDER INNOVATION LAB FEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION CHILDCARE HOUSEHOLD ROLES CORONAVIRUS COVID-19 PANDEMIC IMPACT GENDER NORMS |
| spellingShingle |
GENDER INNOVATION LAB FEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION CHILDCARE HOUSEHOLD ROLES CORONAVIRUS COVID-19 PANDEMIC IMPACT GENDER NORMS GENDER INNOVATION LAB FEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION CHILDCARE HOUSEHOLD ROLES CORONAVIRUS COVID-19 PANDEMIC IMPACT GENDER NORMS Mottaghi, Lili Crepon, Bruno Krafft, Caroline Caria, Stefano Nagy , Abdelrahman Fadl, Noha Evidence to Inform Policy : What Works to Close the Gender Gaps in Middle East and North Africa |
| description |
The traditional unequal division of
household chores and caregiving hinder women from entering
the labor market. Women in Egypt spend 9.5 hours more on
unpaid household chores for every hour spent by men. Forty
percent of women reported spending more time on household
chores during the COVID–19 pandemic. Lack of access to
affordable childcare is a constraint on the female labor
supply in Egypt. Almost 96 percent of women in the pilot
study expressed interest in childcare centers, but high
costs are a concern. Weak demand for female workers,
especially in the STEM fields, limits women’s job
opportunities. About 60 percent of employers reported that
they prefer to hire men due to women’s household
responsibilities. About 87 percent of respondents noted
approval with women working. However, the support declined
steadily as additional information about the nature of the
job or working hours was specified. One-third of women said
that their husbands would not allow them to work outside of
the house, and none of the men agreed with women working in
a mixed-gendered environment, highlighting restrictive
gender norms’ impact on female labor supply. These findings
underscore the importance of our two randomized
interventions designed to provide low-cost childcare
services and signal firms to hire women through our
employment services. |
| format |
Brief |
| topic_facet |
GENDER INNOVATION LAB FEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION CHILDCARE HOUSEHOLD ROLES CORONAVIRUS COVID-19 PANDEMIC IMPACT GENDER NORMS |
| author |
Mottaghi, Lili Crepon, Bruno Krafft, Caroline Caria, Stefano Nagy , Abdelrahman Fadl, Noha |
| author_facet |
Mottaghi, Lili Crepon, Bruno Krafft, Caroline Caria, Stefano Nagy , Abdelrahman Fadl, Noha |
| author_sort |
Mottaghi, Lili |
| title |
Evidence to Inform Policy : What Works to Close the Gender Gaps in Middle East and North Africa |
| title_short |
Evidence to Inform Policy : What Works to Close the Gender Gaps in Middle East and North Africa |
| title_full |
Evidence to Inform Policy : What Works to Close the Gender Gaps in Middle East and North Africa |
| title_fullStr |
Evidence to Inform Policy : What Works to Close the Gender Gaps in Middle East and North Africa |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Evidence to Inform Policy : What Works to Close the Gender Gaps in Middle East and North Africa |
| title_sort |
evidence to inform policy : what works to close the gender gaps in middle east and north africa |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2021-05 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/252771619058817635/Evidence-to-Inform-Policy-What-Works-to-Close-the-Gender-Gaps-in-Middle-East-and-North-Africa http://hdl.handle.net/10986/35527 |
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