Workers at Risk
The COVID-19 pandemic is having unequal impacts. Research has highlighted that across race, gender, age, and income groups, the health and economic consequences of this crisis are far from uniform and other preexisting inequalities have been exacerbated. This paper focuses on the differential impact on the formal and informal segments of the labor market in India, using data from a large household panel survey and employing a difference-in-differences event study approach. Within the same industry and district, initially informal wage workers were significantly more vulnerable to the loss of employment than initially formal workers during the early phase of COVID-19 (April 2020). Furthermore, income declined significantly more for households whose head worked as an informal wage worker than for households with a formally employed head. However, the post-COVID employment and income differentials between informal and formal workers narrowed after April 2020. By July 2020, the decline in income (from the pre-COVID baseline of February 2020) was not significantly different across households with informally and formally employed heads, suggesting that while informal workers were affected more severely by the early COVID-19 shock, they also recovered faster from it.
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Format: | Working Paper biblioteca |
Language: | English |
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World Bank, Washington, DC
2021-03
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Subjects: | INFORMAL WORKER, LABOR MARKET, INFORMALITY, CORONAVIRUS, COVID-19, PANDEMIC IMPACT, UNEMPLOYMENT, INCOME LOSS, |
Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/694351615916424727/Workers-at-Risk-Panel-Data-Evidence-on-the-COVID-19-Labor-Market-Crisis-in-India https://hdl.handle.net/10986/35292 |
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dig-okr-10986352922024-08-09T06:07:42Z Workers at Risk Panel Data Evidence on the COVID-19 Labor Market Crisis in India Kotia, Ananya Bussolo, Maurizio Sharma, Siddharth INFORMAL WORKER LABOR MARKET INFORMALITY CORONAVIRUS COVID-19 PANDEMIC IMPACT UNEMPLOYMENT INCOME LOSS The COVID-19 pandemic is having unequal impacts. Research has highlighted that across race, gender, age, and income groups, the health and economic consequences of this crisis are far from uniform and other preexisting inequalities have been exacerbated. This paper focuses on the differential impact on the formal and informal segments of the labor market in India, using data from a large household panel survey and employing a difference-in-differences event study approach. Within the same industry and district, initially informal wage workers were significantly more vulnerable to the loss of employment than initially formal workers during the early phase of COVID-19 (April 2020). Furthermore, income declined significantly more for households whose head worked as an informal wage worker than for households with a formally employed head. However, the post-COVID employment and income differentials between informal and formal workers narrowed after April 2020. By July 2020, the decline in income (from the pre-COVID baseline of February 2020) was not significantly different across households with informally and formally employed heads, suggesting that while informal workers were affected more severely by the early COVID-19 shock, they also recovered faster from it. 2021-03-18T14:40:37Z 2021-03-18T14:40:37Z 2021-03 Working Paper Document de travail Documento de trabajo http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/694351615916424727/Workers-at-Risk-Panel-Data-Evidence-on-the-COVID-19-Labor-Market-Crisis-in-India https://hdl.handle.net/10986/35292 English Policy Research Working Paper;No. 9584 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo World Bank application/pdf World Bank, Washington, DC |
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INFORMAL WORKER LABOR MARKET INFORMALITY CORONAVIRUS COVID-19 PANDEMIC IMPACT UNEMPLOYMENT INCOME LOSS INFORMAL WORKER LABOR MARKET INFORMALITY CORONAVIRUS COVID-19 PANDEMIC IMPACT UNEMPLOYMENT INCOME LOSS |
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INFORMAL WORKER LABOR MARKET INFORMALITY CORONAVIRUS COVID-19 PANDEMIC IMPACT UNEMPLOYMENT INCOME LOSS INFORMAL WORKER LABOR MARKET INFORMALITY CORONAVIRUS COVID-19 PANDEMIC IMPACT UNEMPLOYMENT INCOME LOSS Kotia, Ananya Bussolo, Maurizio Sharma, Siddharth Workers at Risk |
description |
The COVID-19 pandemic is having unequal impacts.
Research has highlighted that across race, gender, age, and
income groups, the health and economic consequences
of this crisis are far from uniform and other preexisting
inequalities have been exacerbated. This paper focuses on
the differential impact on the formal and informal segments
of the labor market in India, using data from a large household
panel survey and employing a difference-in-differences
event study approach. Within the same industry and district,
initially informal wage workers were significantly
more vulnerable to the loss of employment than initially
formal workers during the early phase of COVID-19 (April
2020). Furthermore, income declined significantly more
for households whose head worked as an informal wage
worker than for households with a formally employed head.
However, the post-COVID employment and income differentials
between informal and formal workers narrowed
after April 2020. By July 2020, the decline in income (from
the pre-COVID baseline of February 2020) was not significantly
different across households with informally and
formally employed heads, suggesting that while informal
workers were affected more severely by the early COVID-19
shock, they also recovered faster from it. |
format |
Working Paper |
topic_facet |
INFORMAL WORKER LABOR MARKET INFORMALITY CORONAVIRUS COVID-19 PANDEMIC IMPACT UNEMPLOYMENT INCOME LOSS |
author |
Kotia, Ananya Bussolo, Maurizio Sharma, Siddharth |
author_facet |
Kotia, Ananya Bussolo, Maurizio Sharma, Siddharth |
author_sort |
Kotia, Ananya |
title |
Workers at Risk |
title_short |
Workers at Risk |
title_full |
Workers at Risk |
title_fullStr |
Workers at Risk |
title_full_unstemmed |
Workers at Risk |
title_sort |
workers at risk |
publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
publishDate |
2021-03 |
url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/694351615916424727/Workers-at-Risk-Panel-Data-Evidence-on-the-COVID-19-Labor-Market-Crisis-in-India https://hdl.handle.net/10986/35292 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT kotiaananya workersatrisk AT bussolomaurizio workersatrisk AT sharmasiddharth workersatrisk AT kotiaananya paneldataevidenceonthecovid19labormarketcrisisinindia AT bussolomaurizio paneldataevidenceonthecovid19labormarketcrisisinindia AT sharmasiddharth paneldataevidenceonthecovid19labormarketcrisisinindia |
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1807154786438479872 |