Africa - Making Development Climate Resilient : A World Bank Strategy for Sub-Saharan Africa

This strategy for making development Climate-Resilient in Sub-Saharan Africa is the World Bank's operational response to climate variability and change on the continent. Grounded in a climate risk review of the Africa Region's sustainable development portfolio, it adds the climate change dimension to the Region's development strategy and business plan, the Africa Action Plan (AAP, 2009-2012), and will be an integral part of the AAP in the future. The AAP and the climate change strategy are a sound and realistic framework for climate-resilient development in Sub-Saharan Africa. The strategy is based on the premise that increased climate variability threatens the development gains of African countries, and that these effects need to be anticipated so that development efforts can be made more resilient to climate change. Climate has always featured prominently in African development, and people across the continent have been living with and adapting to a high degree of climate variability and its associated risks for many centuries. Yet the accelerated changes in the climate and increasing incidence of climatic disasters (floods, droughts, cyclones) during the last century, and the scientific consensus that Africa is the continent most vulnerable and least able to cope with these changes, have brought these risks into sharper focus, and made the need to address them more urgent.

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: World Bank
Language:English
Published: World Bank 2009-10-30
Subjects:ACCESS TO FINANCING, AIR, AIR POLLUTANTS, AIR QUALITY, AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT, ANNUAL EMISSION, ANNUAL PRECIPITATION, BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION, BIOMASS, CAPITAL COST, CARBON, CARBON DIOXIDE, CARBON EMISSION, CARBON EMISSIONS, CARBON ENERGY, CARBON FERTILIZATION, CARBON FINANCE, CARBON FOOTPRINT, CARBON IN SOILS, CARBON MARKET, CARBON SEQUESTRATION, CLEAN AIR, CLEAN COAL TECHNOLOGY, CLEAN ENERGY, CLEAN ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES, CLEAN TECHNOLOGY, CLIMATE, CLIMATE ACTION, CLIMATE CHANGE, CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION, CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS, CLIMATE CHANGE POLICY, CLIMATE CHANGE STRATEGY, CLIMATE CHANGES, CLIMATE DISASTERS, CLIMATE INFORMATION, CLIMATE INVESTMENT, CLIMATE MODELING, CLIMATE POLICY, CLIMATE PREDICTION, CLIMATE PREDICTIONS, CLIMATE PROJECTIONS, CLIMATE RESEARCH, CLIMATE RESILIENCE, CLIMATE RISK, CLIMATE RISK ASSESSMENT, CLIMATE RISK MANAGEMENT, CLIMATE RISKS, CLIMATE TRENDS, CLIMATE VARIABILITY, CLIMATE VARIATIONS, CLIMATE-CHANGE, CLIMATE-PROOF, CLIMATE-SENSITIVE SECTORS, CLIMATES, CLIMATIC CONDITIONS, CLIMATIC DISASTERS, CLIMATIC PROFILE, CLIMATIC RISKS, CLIMATIC SHOCKS, CLIMATIC VARIATIONS, CO, CO2, COAL, CROP INSURANCE, CROP RESIDUE, CRU, CYCLONES, DAMAGES, DEFORESTATION, DESERTIFICATION, DROUGHT, ECONOMIC DIVERSIFICATION, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC IMPACTS, ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF CLIMATE, ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE, ECONOMIC RESILIENCE, ECONOMIC RESILIENCE TO CLIMATE CHANGE, ECONOMIC SECTORS, ECONOMICS OF CLIMATE CHANGE, ECOSYSTEM, EL NINO, ELECTRICITY, ELECTRICITY SUPPLY, EMISSION OF CARBON, EMISSION REDUCTION, EMISSION REDUCTIONS, EMISSIONS, EMISSIONS FROM DEFORESTATION, EMISSIONS FROM LAND USE, ENERGY DEMAND, ENERGY EFFICIENCY, ENERGY PRODUCTION, ENERGY USE, EROSION CONTROL, EVAPOTRANSPIRATION, EXPOSURE TO CLIMATE CHANGE, EXPOSURE TO CLIMATE VARIABILITY, EXTREME EVENTS, EXTREME HEAT, EXTREME HEAT EVENTS, EXTREME WEATHER, EXTREME WEATHER EVENTS, FINANCIAL MARKETS, FINANCIAL RESOURCES, FINANCIAL SUPPORT, FLOODS, FOREST CARBON, FOREST DEGRADATION, FOREST INDUSTRY, FOREST INVESTMENT, FOREST LAW, FOREST MANAGEMENT, FORESTRY, FORESTS, FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE, GAS FLARING, GCM, GENERATION CAPACITY, GHG, GLOBAL CLIMATE, GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE, GLOBAL CLIMATE MODEL, GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY, GLOBAL GREENHOUSE GAS, GLOBAL TEMPERATURE, GLOBAL WARMING, GREENHOUSE, GREENHOUSE GAS, GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS, GREENHOUSE GASES, HYDRO-METEOROLOGICAL DISASTERS, HYDROLOGY, IMPACT OF CLIMATE, IMPACT OF CLIMATE VARIABILITY, IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE, IMPACTS OF CLIMATE VARIABILITY, IMPLICATIONS OF CLIMATE CHANGE, INSURANCE, INSURANCE MECHANISMS, INSURANCE PRODUCTS, INSURANCE SCHEME, INSURANCE SCHEMES, INTENSE RAINFALL, INTERGOVERNMENTAL PANEL ON CLIMATE CHANGE, INTERNATIONAL EMISSIONS, INTERNATIONAL PANEL ON CLIMATE CHANGE, INVESTMENT DECISIONS, IPCC, LAKES, LAND DEGRADATION, LAND MANAGEMENT, LAND-USE CHANGE, LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS, LOCAL CLIMATIC CONDITIONS, LOW-CARBON, METEOROLOGICAL DATA, METEOROLOGICAL DISASTERS, METEOROLOGICAL INFORMATION, METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION, NEGATIVE IMPACTS, NITROGEN, NOX, NUTRIENTS, OIL PRICES, ORGANIC MATTER, OXIDES, PER CAPITA INCOME, POLICY MAKERS, PORTFOLIO, POWER GENERATION, PUBLIC SPENDING, RAIN, RAINFALL, RAINFALL PATTERNS, RAINFALL VARIABILITY, RAINWATER, REFLECTIVITY, REGIONAL CLIMATE, REGIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE, REGIONAL CLIMATES, RENEWABLE ENERGY, RISK MANAGEMENT, RISKS OF CLIMATE CHANGE, SCIENTIFIC CONSENSUS, SEA LEVEL RISE, SEASON, SHADOW PRICE, SOIL CARBON, SOLAR POWER, SURFACE REFLECTIVITY, SURFACE WATER, SUSTAINABLE FOREST, SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT, TEMPERATURE, TEMPERATURE CHANGE, TEMPERATURES, THREAT OF CLIMATE CHANGE, TRANSPORT SECTOR, UNCERTAINTIES, UNEP, VULNERABILITY TO CLIMATE CHANGE, WATER CYCLE, WEATHER INSURANCE, WIND, WIND POWER, WMO, WOOD FUEL,
Online Access:http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000333037_20120209223802
https://hdl.handle.net/10986/3211
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record_format koha
institution Banco Mundial
collection DSpace
country Estados Unidos
countrycode US
component Bibliográfico
access En linea
databasecode dig-okr
tag biblioteca
region America del Norte
libraryname Biblioteca del Banco Mundial
language English
topic ACCESS TO FINANCING
AIR
AIR POLLUTANTS
AIR QUALITY
AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT
ANNUAL EMISSION
ANNUAL PRECIPITATION
BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION
BIOMASS
CAPITAL COST
CARBON
CARBON DIOXIDE
CARBON EMISSION
CARBON EMISSIONS
CARBON ENERGY
CARBON FERTILIZATION
CARBON FINANCE
CARBON FOOTPRINT
CARBON IN SOILS
CARBON MARKET
CARBON SEQUESTRATION
CLEAN AIR
CLEAN COAL TECHNOLOGY
CLEAN ENERGY
CLEAN ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES
CLEAN TECHNOLOGY
CLIMATE
CLIMATE ACTION
CLIMATE CHANGE
CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION
CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS
CLIMATE CHANGE POLICY
CLIMATE CHANGE STRATEGY
CLIMATE CHANGES
CLIMATE DISASTERS
CLIMATE INFORMATION
CLIMATE INVESTMENT
CLIMATE MODELING
CLIMATE POLICY
CLIMATE PREDICTION
CLIMATE PREDICTIONS
CLIMATE PROJECTIONS
CLIMATE RESEARCH
CLIMATE RESILIENCE
CLIMATE RISK
CLIMATE RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIMATE RISK MANAGEMENT
CLIMATE RISKS
CLIMATE TRENDS
CLIMATE VARIABILITY
CLIMATE VARIATIONS
CLIMATE-CHANGE
CLIMATE-PROOF
CLIMATE-SENSITIVE SECTORS
CLIMATES
CLIMATIC CONDITIONS
CLIMATIC DISASTERS
CLIMATIC PROFILE
CLIMATIC RISKS
CLIMATIC SHOCKS
CLIMATIC VARIATIONS
CO
CO2
COAL
CROP INSURANCE
CROP RESIDUE
CRU
CYCLONES
DAMAGES
DEFORESTATION
DESERTIFICATION
DROUGHT
ECONOMIC DIVERSIFICATION
ECONOMIC GROWTH
ECONOMIC IMPACTS
ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF CLIMATE
ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE
ECONOMIC RESILIENCE
ECONOMIC RESILIENCE TO CLIMATE CHANGE
ECONOMIC SECTORS
ECONOMICS OF CLIMATE CHANGE
ECOSYSTEM
EL NINO
ELECTRICITY
ELECTRICITY SUPPLY
EMISSION OF CARBON
EMISSION REDUCTION
EMISSION REDUCTIONS
EMISSIONS
EMISSIONS FROM DEFORESTATION
EMISSIONS FROM LAND USE
ENERGY DEMAND
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
ENERGY PRODUCTION
ENERGY USE
EROSION CONTROL
EVAPOTRANSPIRATION
EXPOSURE TO CLIMATE CHANGE
EXPOSURE TO CLIMATE VARIABILITY
EXTREME EVENTS
EXTREME HEAT
EXTREME HEAT EVENTS
EXTREME WEATHER
EXTREME WEATHER EVENTS
FINANCIAL MARKETS
FINANCIAL RESOURCES
FINANCIAL SUPPORT
FLOODS
FOREST CARBON
FOREST DEGRADATION
FOREST INDUSTRY
FOREST INVESTMENT
FOREST LAW
FOREST MANAGEMENT
FORESTRY
FORESTS
FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE
GAS FLARING
GCM
GENERATION CAPACITY
GHG
GLOBAL CLIMATE
GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE
GLOBAL CLIMATE MODEL
GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY
GLOBAL GREENHOUSE GAS
GLOBAL TEMPERATURE
GLOBAL WARMING
GREENHOUSE
GREENHOUSE GAS
GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS
GREENHOUSE GASES
HYDRO-METEOROLOGICAL DISASTERS
HYDROLOGY
IMPACT OF CLIMATE
IMPACT OF CLIMATE VARIABILITY
IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE
IMPACTS OF CLIMATE VARIABILITY
IMPLICATIONS OF CLIMATE CHANGE
INSURANCE
INSURANCE MECHANISMS
INSURANCE PRODUCTS
INSURANCE SCHEME
INSURANCE SCHEMES
INTENSE RAINFALL
INTERGOVERNMENTAL PANEL ON CLIMATE CHANGE
INTERNATIONAL EMISSIONS
INTERNATIONAL PANEL ON CLIMATE CHANGE
INVESTMENT DECISIONS
IPCC
LAKES
LAND DEGRADATION
LAND MANAGEMENT
LAND-USE CHANGE
LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS
LOCAL CLIMATIC CONDITIONS
LOW-CARBON
METEOROLOGICAL DATA
METEOROLOGICAL DISASTERS
METEOROLOGICAL INFORMATION
METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION
NEGATIVE IMPACTS
NITROGEN
NOX
NUTRIENTS
OIL PRICES
ORGANIC MATTER
OXIDES
PER CAPITA INCOME
POLICY MAKERS
PORTFOLIO
POWER GENERATION
PUBLIC SPENDING
RAIN
RAINFALL
RAINFALL PATTERNS
RAINFALL VARIABILITY
RAINWATER
REFLECTIVITY
REGIONAL CLIMATE
REGIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE
REGIONAL CLIMATES
RENEWABLE ENERGY
RISK MANAGEMENT
RISKS OF CLIMATE CHANGE
SCIENTIFIC CONSENSUS
SEA LEVEL RISE
SEASON
SHADOW PRICE
SOIL CARBON
SOLAR POWER
SURFACE REFLECTIVITY
SURFACE WATER
SUSTAINABLE FOREST
SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT
TEMPERATURE
TEMPERATURE CHANGE
TEMPERATURES
THREAT OF CLIMATE CHANGE
TRANSPORT SECTOR
UNCERTAINTIES
UNEP
VULNERABILITY TO CLIMATE CHANGE
WATER CYCLE
WEATHER INSURANCE
WIND
WIND POWER
WMO
WOOD FUEL
ACCESS TO FINANCING
AIR
AIR POLLUTANTS
AIR QUALITY
AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT
ANNUAL EMISSION
ANNUAL PRECIPITATION
BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION
BIOMASS
CAPITAL COST
CARBON
CARBON DIOXIDE
CARBON EMISSION
CARBON EMISSIONS
CARBON ENERGY
CARBON FERTILIZATION
CARBON FINANCE
CARBON FOOTPRINT
CARBON IN SOILS
CARBON MARKET
CARBON SEQUESTRATION
CLEAN AIR
CLEAN COAL TECHNOLOGY
CLEAN ENERGY
CLEAN ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES
CLEAN TECHNOLOGY
CLIMATE
CLIMATE ACTION
CLIMATE CHANGE
CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION
CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS
CLIMATE CHANGE POLICY
CLIMATE CHANGE STRATEGY
CLIMATE CHANGES
CLIMATE DISASTERS
CLIMATE INFORMATION
CLIMATE INVESTMENT
CLIMATE MODELING
CLIMATE POLICY
CLIMATE PREDICTION
CLIMATE PREDICTIONS
CLIMATE PROJECTIONS
CLIMATE RESEARCH
CLIMATE RESILIENCE
CLIMATE RISK
CLIMATE RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIMATE RISK MANAGEMENT
CLIMATE RISKS
CLIMATE TRENDS
CLIMATE VARIABILITY
CLIMATE VARIATIONS
CLIMATE-CHANGE
CLIMATE-PROOF
CLIMATE-SENSITIVE SECTORS
CLIMATES
CLIMATIC CONDITIONS
CLIMATIC DISASTERS
CLIMATIC PROFILE
CLIMATIC RISKS
CLIMATIC SHOCKS
CLIMATIC VARIATIONS
CO
CO2
COAL
CROP INSURANCE
CROP RESIDUE
CRU
CYCLONES
DAMAGES
DEFORESTATION
DESERTIFICATION
DROUGHT
ECONOMIC DIVERSIFICATION
ECONOMIC GROWTH
ECONOMIC IMPACTS
ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF CLIMATE
ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE
ECONOMIC RESILIENCE
ECONOMIC RESILIENCE TO CLIMATE CHANGE
ECONOMIC SECTORS
ECONOMICS OF CLIMATE CHANGE
ECOSYSTEM
EL NINO
ELECTRICITY
ELECTRICITY SUPPLY
EMISSION OF CARBON
EMISSION REDUCTION
EMISSION REDUCTIONS
EMISSIONS
EMISSIONS FROM DEFORESTATION
EMISSIONS FROM LAND USE
ENERGY DEMAND
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
ENERGY PRODUCTION
ENERGY USE
EROSION CONTROL
EVAPOTRANSPIRATION
EXPOSURE TO CLIMATE CHANGE
EXPOSURE TO CLIMATE VARIABILITY
EXTREME EVENTS
EXTREME HEAT
EXTREME HEAT EVENTS
EXTREME WEATHER
EXTREME WEATHER EVENTS
FINANCIAL MARKETS
FINANCIAL RESOURCES
FINANCIAL SUPPORT
FLOODS
FOREST CARBON
FOREST DEGRADATION
FOREST INDUSTRY
FOREST INVESTMENT
FOREST LAW
FOREST MANAGEMENT
FORESTRY
FORESTS
FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE
GAS FLARING
GCM
GENERATION CAPACITY
GHG
GLOBAL CLIMATE
GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE
GLOBAL CLIMATE MODEL
GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY
GLOBAL GREENHOUSE GAS
GLOBAL TEMPERATURE
GLOBAL WARMING
GREENHOUSE
GREENHOUSE GAS
GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS
GREENHOUSE GASES
HYDRO-METEOROLOGICAL DISASTERS
HYDROLOGY
IMPACT OF CLIMATE
IMPACT OF CLIMATE VARIABILITY
IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE
IMPACTS OF CLIMATE VARIABILITY
IMPLICATIONS OF CLIMATE CHANGE
INSURANCE
INSURANCE MECHANISMS
INSURANCE PRODUCTS
INSURANCE SCHEME
INSURANCE SCHEMES
INTENSE RAINFALL
INTERGOVERNMENTAL PANEL ON CLIMATE CHANGE
INTERNATIONAL EMISSIONS
INTERNATIONAL PANEL ON CLIMATE CHANGE
INVESTMENT DECISIONS
IPCC
LAKES
LAND DEGRADATION
LAND MANAGEMENT
LAND-USE CHANGE
LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS
LOCAL CLIMATIC CONDITIONS
LOW-CARBON
METEOROLOGICAL DATA
METEOROLOGICAL DISASTERS
METEOROLOGICAL INFORMATION
METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION
NEGATIVE IMPACTS
NITROGEN
NOX
NUTRIENTS
OIL PRICES
ORGANIC MATTER
OXIDES
PER CAPITA INCOME
POLICY MAKERS
PORTFOLIO
POWER GENERATION
PUBLIC SPENDING
RAIN
RAINFALL
RAINFALL PATTERNS
RAINFALL VARIABILITY
RAINWATER
REFLECTIVITY
REGIONAL CLIMATE
REGIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE
REGIONAL CLIMATES
RENEWABLE ENERGY
RISK MANAGEMENT
RISKS OF CLIMATE CHANGE
SCIENTIFIC CONSENSUS
SEA LEVEL RISE
SEASON
SHADOW PRICE
SOIL CARBON
SOLAR POWER
SURFACE REFLECTIVITY
SURFACE WATER
SUSTAINABLE FOREST
SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT
TEMPERATURE
TEMPERATURE CHANGE
TEMPERATURES
THREAT OF CLIMATE CHANGE
TRANSPORT SECTOR
UNCERTAINTIES
UNEP
VULNERABILITY TO CLIMATE CHANGE
WATER CYCLE
WEATHER INSURANCE
WIND
WIND POWER
WMO
WOOD FUEL
spellingShingle ACCESS TO FINANCING
AIR
AIR POLLUTANTS
AIR QUALITY
AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT
ANNUAL EMISSION
ANNUAL PRECIPITATION
BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION
BIOMASS
CAPITAL COST
CARBON
CARBON DIOXIDE
CARBON EMISSION
CARBON EMISSIONS
CARBON ENERGY
CARBON FERTILIZATION
CARBON FINANCE
CARBON FOOTPRINT
CARBON IN SOILS
CARBON MARKET
CARBON SEQUESTRATION
CLEAN AIR
CLEAN COAL TECHNOLOGY
CLEAN ENERGY
CLEAN ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES
CLEAN TECHNOLOGY
CLIMATE
CLIMATE ACTION
CLIMATE CHANGE
CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION
CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS
CLIMATE CHANGE POLICY
CLIMATE CHANGE STRATEGY
CLIMATE CHANGES
CLIMATE DISASTERS
CLIMATE INFORMATION
CLIMATE INVESTMENT
CLIMATE MODELING
CLIMATE POLICY
CLIMATE PREDICTION
CLIMATE PREDICTIONS
CLIMATE PROJECTIONS
CLIMATE RESEARCH
CLIMATE RESILIENCE
CLIMATE RISK
CLIMATE RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIMATE RISK MANAGEMENT
CLIMATE RISKS
CLIMATE TRENDS
CLIMATE VARIABILITY
CLIMATE VARIATIONS
CLIMATE-CHANGE
CLIMATE-PROOF
CLIMATE-SENSITIVE SECTORS
CLIMATES
CLIMATIC CONDITIONS
CLIMATIC DISASTERS
CLIMATIC PROFILE
CLIMATIC RISKS
CLIMATIC SHOCKS
CLIMATIC VARIATIONS
CO
CO2
COAL
CROP INSURANCE
CROP RESIDUE
CRU
CYCLONES
DAMAGES
DEFORESTATION
DESERTIFICATION
DROUGHT
ECONOMIC DIVERSIFICATION
ECONOMIC GROWTH
ECONOMIC IMPACTS
ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF CLIMATE
ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE
ECONOMIC RESILIENCE
ECONOMIC RESILIENCE TO CLIMATE CHANGE
ECONOMIC SECTORS
ECONOMICS OF CLIMATE CHANGE
ECOSYSTEM
EL NINO
ELECTRICITY
ELECTRICITY SUPPLY
EMISSION OF CARBON
EMISSION REDUCTION
EMISSION REDUCTIONS
EMISSIONS
EMISSIONS FROM DEFORESTATION
EMISSIONS FROM LAND USE
ENERGY DEMAND
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
ENERGY PRODUCTION
ENERGY USE
EROSION CONTROL
EVAPOTRANSPIRATION
EXPOSURE TO CLIMATE CHANGE
EXPOSURE TO CLIMATE VARIABILITY
EXTREME EVENTS
EXTREME HEAT
EXTREME HEAT EVENTS
EXTREME WEATHER
EXTREME WEATHER EVENTS
FINANCIAL MARKETS
FINANCIAL RESOURCES
FINANCIAL SUPPORT
FLOODS
FOREST CARBON
FOREST DEGRADATION
FOREST INDUSTRY
FOREST INVESTMENT
FOREST LAW
FOREST MANAGEMENT
FORESTRY
FORESTS
FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE
GAS FLARING
GCM
GENERATION CAPACITY
GHG
GLOBAL CLIMATE
GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE
GLOBAL CLIMATE MODEL
GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY
GLOBAL GREENHOUSE GAS
GLOBAL TEMPERATURE
GLOBAL WARMING
GREENHOUSE
GREENHOUSE GAS
GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS
GREENHOUSE GASES
HYDRO-METEOROLOGICAL DISASTERS
HYDROLOGY
IMPACT OF CLIMATE
IMPACT OF CLIMATE VARIABILITY
IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE
IMPACTS OF CLIMATE VARIABILITY
IMPLICATIONS OF CLIMATE CHANGE
INSURANCE
INSURANCE MECHANISMS
INSURANCE PRODUCTS
INSURANCE SCHEME
INSURANCE SCHEMES
INTENSE RAINFALL
INTERGOVERNMENTAL PANEL ON CLIMATE CHANGE
INTERNATIONAL EMISSIONS
INTERNATIONAL PANEL ON CLIMATE CHANGE
INVESTMENT DECISIONS
IPCC
LAKES
LAND DEGRADATION
LAND MANAGEMENT
LAND-USE CHANGE
LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS
LOCAL CLIMATIC CONDITIONS
LOW-CARBON
METEOROLOGICAL DATA
METEOROLOGICAL DISASTERS
METEOROLOGICAL INFORMATION
METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION
NEGATIVE IMPACTS
NITROGEN
NOX
NUTRIENTS
OIL PRICES
ORGANIC MATTER
OXIDES
PER CAPITA INCOME
POLICY MAKERS
PORTFOLIO
POWER GENERATION
PUBLIC SPENDING
RAIN
RAINFALL
RAINFALL PATTERNS
RAINFALL VARIABILITY
RAINWATER
REFLECTIVITY
REGIONAL CLIMATE
REGIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE
REGIONAL CLIMATES
RENEWABLE ENERGY
RISK MANAGEMENT
RISKS OF CLIMATE CHANGE
SCIENTIFIC CONSENSUS
SEA LEVEL RISE
SEASON
SHADOW PRICE
SOIL CARBON
SOLAR POWER
SURFACE REFLECTIVITY
SURFACE WATER
SUSTAINABLE FOREST
SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT
TEMPERATURE
TEMPERATURE CHANGE
TEMPERATURES
THREAT OF CLIMATE CHANGE
TRANSPORT SECTOR
UNCERTAINTIES
UNEP
VULNERABILITY TO CLIMATE CHANGE
WATER CYCLE
WEATHER INSURANCE
WIND
WIND POWER
WMO
WOOD FUEL
ACCESS TO FINANCING
AIR
AIR POLLUTANTS
AIR QUALITY
AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT
ANNUAL EMISSION
ANNUAL PRECIPITATION
BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION
BIOMASS
CAPITAL COST
CARBON
CARBON DIOXIDE
CARBON EMISSION
CARBON EMISSIONS
CARBON ENERGY
CARBON FERTILIZATION
CARBON FINANCE
CARBON FOOTPRINT
CARBON IN SOILS
CARBON MARKET
CARBON SEQUESTRATION
CLEAN AIR
CLEAN COAL TECHNOLOGY
CLEAN ENERGY
CLEAN ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES
CLEAN TECHNOLOGY
CLIMATE
CLIMATE ACTION
CLIMATE CHANGE
CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION
CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS
CLIMATE CHANGE POLICY
CLIMATE CHANGE STRATEGY
CLIMATE CHANGES
CLIMATE DISASTERS
CLIMATE INFORMATION
CLIMATE INVESTMENT
CLIMATE MODELING
CLIMATE POLICY
CLIMATE PREDICTION
CLIMATE PREDICTIONS
CLIMATE PROJECTIONS
CLIMATE RESEARCH
CLIMATE RESILIENCE
CLIMATE RISK
CLIMATE RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIMATE RISK MANAGEMENT
CLIMATE RISKS
CLIMATE TRENDS
CLIMATE VARIABILITY
CLIMATE VARIATIONS
CLIMATE-CHANGE
CLIMATE-PROOF
CLIMATE-SENSITIVE SECTORS
CLIMATES
CLIMATIC CONDITIONS
CLIMATIC DISASTERS
CLIMATIC PROFILE
CLIMATIC RISKS
CLIMATIC SHOCKS
CLIMATIC VARIATIONS
CO
CO2
COAL
CROP INSURANCE
CROP RESIDUE
CRU
CYCLONES
DAMAGES
DEFORESTATION
DESERTIFICATION
DROUGHT
ECONOMIC DIVERSIFICATION
ECONOMIC GROWTH
ECONOMIC IMPACTS
ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF CLIMATE
ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE
ECONOMIC RESILIENCE
ECONOMIC RESILIENCE TO CLIMATE CHANGE
ECONOMIC SECTORS
ECONOMICS OF CLIMATE CHANGE
ECOSYSTEM
EL NINO
ELECTRICITY
ELECTRICITY SUPPLY
EMISSION OF CARBON
EMISSION REDUCTION
EMISSION REDUCTIONS
EMISSIONS
EMISSIONS FROM DEFORESTATION
EMISSIONS FROM LAND USE
ENERGY DEMAND
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
ENERGY PRODUCTION
ENERGY USE
EROSION CONTROL
EVAPOTRANSPIRATION
EXPOSURE TO CLIMATE CHANGE
EXPOSURE TO CLIMATE VARIABILITY
EXTREME EVENTS
EXTREME HEAT
EXTREME HEAT EVENTS
EXTREME WEATHER
EXTREME WEATHER EVENTS
FINANCIAL MARKETS
FINANCIAL RESOURCES
FINANCIAL SUPPORT
FLOODS
FOREST CARBON
FOREST DEGRADATION
FOREST INDUSTRY
FOREST INVESTMENT
FOREST LAW
FOREST MANAGEMENT
FORESTRY
FORESTS
FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE
GAS FLARING
GCM
GENERATION CAPACITY
GHG
GLOBAL CLIMATE
GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE
GLOBAL CLIMATE MODEL
GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY
GLOBAL GREENHOUSE GAS
GLOBAL TEMPERATURE
GLOBAL WARMING
GREENHOUSE
GREENHOUSE GAS
GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS
GREENHOUSE GASES
HYDRO-METEOROLOGICAL DISASTERS
HYDROLOGY
IMPACT OF CLIMATE
IMPACT OF CLIMATE VARIABILITY
IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE
IMPACTS OF CLIMATE VARIABILITY
IMPLICATIONS OF CLIMATE CHANGE
INSURANCE
INSURANCE MECHANISMS
INSURANCE PRODUCTS
INSURANCE SCHEME
INSURANCE SCHEMES
INTENSE RAINFALL
INTERGOVERNMENTAL PANEL ON CLIMATE CHANGE
INTERNATIONAL EMISSIONS
INTERNATIONAL PANEL ON CLIMATE CHANGE
INVESTMENT DECISIONS
IPCC
LAKES
LAND DEGRADATION
LAND MANAGEMENT
LAND-USE CHANGE
LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS
LOCAL CLIMATIC CONDITIONS
LOW-CARBON
METEOROLOGICAL DATA
METEOROLOGICAL DISASTERS
METEOROLOGICAL INFORMATION
METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION
NEGATIVE IMPACTS
NITROGEN
NOX
NUTRIENTS
OIL PRICES
ORGANIC MATTER
OXIDES
PER CAPITA INCOME
POLICY MAKERS
PORTFOLIO
POWER GENERATION
PUBLIC SPENDING
RAIN
RAINFALL
RAINFALL PATTERNS
RAINFALL VARIABILITY
RAINWATER
REFLECTIVITY
REGIONAL CLIMATE
REGIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE
REGIONAL CLIMATES
RENEWABLE ENERGY
RISK MANAGEMENT
RISKS OF CLIMATE CHANGE
SCIENTIFIC CONSENSUS
SEA LEVEL RISE
SEASON
SHADOW PRICE
SOIL CARBON
SOLAR POWER
SURFACE REFLECTIVITY
SURFACE WATER
SUSTAINABLE FOREST
SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT
TEMPERATURE
TEMPERATURE CHANGE
TEMPERATURES
THREAT OF CLIMATE CHANGE
TRANSPORT SECTOR
UNCERTAINTIES
UNEP
VULNERABILITY TO CLIMATE CHANGE
WATER CYCLE
WEATHER INSURANCE
WIND
WIND POWER
WMO
WOOD FUEL
World Bank
Africa - Making Development Climate Resilient : A World Bank Strategy for Sub-Saharan Africa
description This strategy for making development Climate-Resilient in Sub-Saharan Africa is the World Bank's operational response to climate variability and change on the continent. Grounded in a climate risk review of the Africa Region's sustainable development portfolio, it adds the climate change dimension to the Region's development strategy and business plan, the Africa Action Plan (AAP, 2009-2012), and will be an integral part of the AAP in the future. The AAP and the climate change strategy are a sound and realistic framework for climate-resilient development in Sub-Saharan Africa. The strategy is based on the premise that increased climate variability threatens the development gains of African countries, and that these effects need to be anticipated so that development efforts can be made more resilient to climate change. Climate has always featured prominently in African development, and people across the continent have been living with and adapting to a high degree of climate variability and its associated risks for many centuries. Yet the accelerated changes in the climate and increasing incidence of climatic disasters (floods, droughts, cyclones) during the last century, and the scientific consensus that Africa is the continent most vulnerable and least able to cope with these changes, have brought these risks into sharper focus, and made the need to address them more urgent.
topic_facet ACCESS TO FINANCING
AIR
AIR POLLUTANTS
AIR QUALITY
AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT
ANNUAL EMISSION
ANNUAL PRECIPITATION
BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION
BIOMASS
CAPITAL COST
CARBON
CARBON DIOXIDE
CARBON EMISSION
CARBON EMISSIONS
CARBON ENERGY
CARBON FERTILIZATION
CARBON FINANCE
CARBON FOOTPRINT
CARBON IN SOILS
CARBON MARKET
CARBON SEQUESTRATION
CLEAN AIR
CLEAN COAL TECHNOLOGY
CLEAN ENERGY
CLEAN ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES
CLEAN TECHNOLOGY
CLIMATE
CLIMATE ACTION
CLIMATE CHANGE
CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION
CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS
CLIMATE CHANGE POLICY
CLIMATE CHANGE STRATEGY
CLIMATE CHANGES
CLIMATE DISASTERS
CLIMATE INFORMATION
CLIMATE INVESTMENT
CLIMATE MODELING
CLIMATE POLICY
CLIMATE PREDICTION
CLIMATE PREDICTIONS
CLIMATE PROJECTIONS
CLIMATE RESEARCH
CLIMATE RESILIENCE
CLIMATE RISK
CLIMATE RISK ASSESSMENT
CLIMATE RISK MANAGEMENT
CLIMATE RISKS
CLIMATE TRENDS
CLIMATE VARIABILITY
CLIMATE VARIATIONS
CLIMATE-CHANGE
CLIMATE-PROOF
CLIMATE-SENSITIVE SECTORS
CLIMATES
CLIMATIC CONDITIONS
CLIMATIC DISASTERS
CLIMATIC PROFILE
CLIMATIC RISKS
CLIMATIC SHOCKS
CLIMATIC VARIATIONS
CO
CO2
COAL
CROP INSURANCE
CROP RESIDUE
CRU
CYCLONES
DAMAGES
DEFORESTATION
DESERTIFICATION
DROUGHT
ECONOMIC DIVERSIFICATION
ECONOMIC GROWTH
ECONOMIC IMPACTS
ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF CLIMATE
ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE
ECONOMIC RESILIENCE
ECONOMIC RESILIENCE TO CLIMATE CHANGE
ECONOMIC SECTORS
ECONOMICS OF CLIMATE CHANGE
ECOSYSTEM
EL NINO
ELECTRICITY
ELECTRICITY SUPPLY
EMISSION OF CARBON
EMISSION REDUCTION
EMISSION REDUCTIONS
EMISSIONS
EMISSIONS FROM DEFORESTATION
EMISSIONS FROM LAND USE
ENERGY DEMAND
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
ENERGY PRODUCTION
ENERGY USE
EROSION CONTROL
EVAPOTRANSPIRATION
EXPOSURE TO CLIMATE CHANGE
EXPOSURE TO CLIMATE VARIABILITY
EXTREME EVENTS
EXTREME HEAT
EXTREME HEAT EVENTS
EXTREME WEATHER
EXTREME WEATHER EVENTS
FINANCIAL MARKETS
FINANCIAL RESOURCES
FINANCIAL SUPPORT
FLOODS
FOREST CARBON
FOREST DEGRADATION
FOREST INDUSTRY
FOREST INVESTMENT
FOREST LAW
FOREST MANAGEMENT
FORESTRY
FORESTS
FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE
GAS FLARING
GCM
GENERATION CAPACITY
GHG
GLOBAL CLIMATE
GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE
GLOBAL CLIMATE MODEL
GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY
GLOBAL GREENHOUSE GAS
GLOBAL TEMPERATURE
GLOBAL WARMING
GREENHOUSE
GREENHOUSE GAS
GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS
GREENHOUSE GASES
HYDRO-METEOROLOGICAL DISASTERS
HYDROLOGY
IMPACT OF CLIMATE
IMPACT OF CLIMATE VARIABILITY
IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE
IMPACTS OF CLIMATE VARIABILITY
IMPLICATIONS OF CLIMATE CHANGE
INSURANCE
INSURANCE MECHANISMS
INSURANCE PRODUCTS
INSURANCE SCHEME
INSURANCE SCHEMES
INTENSE RAINFALL
INTERGOVERNMENTAL PANEL ON CLIMATE CHANGE
INTERNATIONAL EMISSIONS
INTERNATIONAL PANEL ON CLIMATE CHANGE
INVESTMENT DECISIONS
IPCC
LAKES
LAND DEGRADATION
LAND MANAGEMENT
LAND-USE CHANGE
LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS
LOCAL CLIMATIC CONDITIONS
LOW-CARBON
METEOROLOGICAL DATA
METEOROLOGICAL DISASTERS
METEOROLOGICAL INFORMATION
METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION
NEGATIVE IMPACTS
NITROGEN
NOX
NUTRIENTS
OIL PRICES
ORGANIC MATTER
OXIDES
PER CAPITA INCOME
POLICY MAKERS
PORTFOLIO
POWER GENERATION
PUBLIC SPENDING
RAIN
RAINFALL
RAINFALL PATTERNS
RAINFALL VARIABILITY
RAINWATER
REFLECTIVITY
REGIONAL CLIMATE
REGIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE
REGIONAL CLIMATES
RENEWABLE ENERGY
RISK MANAGEMENT
RISKS OF CLIMATE CHANGE
SCIENTIFIC CONSENSUS
SEA LEVEL RISE
SEASON
SHADOW PRICE
SOIL CARBON
SOLAR POWER
SURFACE REFLECTIVITY
SURFACE WATER
SUSTAINABLE FOREST
SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT
TEMPERATURE
TEMPERATURE CHANGE
TEMPERATURES
THREAT OF CLIMATE CHANGE
TRANSPORT SECTOR
UNCERTAINTIES
UNEP
VULNERABILITY TO CLIMATE CHANGE
WATER CYCLE
WEATHER INSURANCE
WIND
WIND POWER
WMO
WOOD FUEL
author World Bank
author_facet World Bank
author_sort World Bank
title Africa - Making Development Climate Resilient : A World Bank Strategy for Sub-Saharan Africa
title_short Africa - Making Development Climate Resilient : A World Bank Strategy for Sub-Saharan Africa
title_full Africa - Making Development Climate Resilient : A World Bank Strategy for Sub-Saharan Africa
title_fullStr Africa - Making Development Climate Resilient : A World Bank Strategy for Sub-Saharan Africa
title_full_unstemmed Africa - Making Development Climate Resilient : A World Bank Strategy for Sub-Saharan Africa
title_sort africa - making development climate resilient : a world bank strategy for sub-saharan africa
publisher World Bank
publishDate 2009-10-30
url http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000333037_20120209223802
https://hdl.handle.net/10986/3211
work_keys_str_mv AT worldbank africamakingdevelopmentclimateresilientaworldbankstrategyforsubsaharanafrica
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spelling dig-okr-1098632112024-08-08T15:24:27Z Africa - Making Development Climate Resilient : A World Bank Strategy for Sub-Saharan Africa World Bank ACCESS TO FINANCING AIR AIR POLLUTANTS AIR QUALITY AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT ANNUAL EMISSION ANNUAL PRECIPITATION BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION BIOMASS CAPITAL COST CARBON CARBON DIOXIDE CARBON EMISSION CARBON EMISSIONS CARBON ENERGY CARBON FERTILIZATION CARBON FINANCE CARBON FOOTPRINT CARBON IN SOILS CARBON MARKET CARBON SEQUESTRATION CLEAN AIR CLEAN COAL TECHNOLOGY CLEAN ENERGY CLEAN ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES CLEAN TECHNOLOGY CLIMATE CLIMATE ACTION CLIMATE CHANGE CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS CLIMATE CHANGE POLICY CLIMATE CHANGE STRATEGY CLIMATE CHANGES CLIMATE DISASTERS CLIMATE INFORMATION CLIMATE INVESTMENT CLIMATE MODELING CLIMATE POLICY CLIMATE PREDICTION CLIMATE PREDICTIONS CLIMATE PROJECTIONS CLIMATE RESEARCH CLIMATE RESILIENCE CLIMATE RISK CLIMATE RISK ASSESSMENT CLIMATE RISK MANAGEMENT CLIMATE RISKS CLIMATE TRENDS CLIMATE VARIABILITY CLIMATE VARIATIONS CLIMATE-CHANGE CLIMATE-PROOF CLIMATE-SENSITIVE SECTORS CLIMATES CLIMATIC CONDITIONS CLIMATIC DISASTERS CLIMATIC PROFILE CLIMATIC RISKS CLIMATIC SHOCKS CLIMATIC VARIATIONS CO CO2 COAL CROP INSURANCE CROP RESIDUE CRU CYCLONES DAMAGES DEFORESTATION DESERTIFICATION DROUGHT ECONOMIC DIVERSIFICATION ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC IMPACTS ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF CLIMATE ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ECONOMIC RESILIENCE ECONOMIC RESILIENCE TO CLIMATE CHANGE ECONOMIC SECTORS ECONOMICS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ECOSYSTEM EL NINO ELECTRICITY ELECTRICITY SUPPLY EMISSION OF CARBON EMISSION REDUCTION EMISSION REDUCTIONS EMISSIONS EMISSIONS FROM DEFORESTATION EMISSIONS FROM LAND USE ENERGY DEMAND ENERGY EFFICIENCY ENERGY PRODUCTION ENERGY USE EROSION CONTROL EVAPOTRANSPIRATION EXPOSURE TO CLIMATE CHANGE EXPOSURE TO CLIMATE VARIABILITY EXTREME EVENTS EXTREME HEAT EXTREME HEAT EVENTS EXTREME WEATHER EXTREME WEATHER EVENTS FINANCIAL MARKETS FINANCIAL RESOURCES FINANCIAL SUPPORT FLOODS FOREST CARBON FOREST DEGRADATION FOREST INDUSTRY FOREST INVESTMENT FOREST LAW FOREST MANAGEMENT FORESTRY FORESTS FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE GAS FLARING GCM GENERATION CAPACITY GHG GLOBAL CLIMATE GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE GLOBAL CLIMATE MODEL GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY GLOBAL GREENHOUSE GAS GLOBAL TEMPERATURE GLOBAL WARMING GREENHOUSE GREENHOUSE GAS GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS GREENHOUSE GASES HYDRO-METEOROLOGICAL DISASTERS HYDROLOGY IMPACT OF CLIMATE IMPACT OF CLIMATE VARIABILITY IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS OF CLIMATE VARIABILITY IMPLICATIONS OF CLIMATE CHANGE INSURANCE INSURANCE MECHANISMS INSURANCE PRODUCTS INSURANCE SCHEME INSURANCE SCHEMES INTENSE RAINFALL INTERGOVERNMENTAL PANEL ON CLIMATE CHANGE INTERNATIONAL EMISSIONS INTERNATIONAL PANEL ON CLIMATE CHANGE INVESTMENT DECISIONS IPCC LAKES LAND DEGRADATION LAND MANAGEMENT LAND-USE CHANGE LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS LOCAL CLIMATIC CONDITIONS LOW-CARBON METEOROLOGICAL DATA METEOROLOGICAL DISASTERS METEOROLOGICAL INFORMATION METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION NEGATIVE IMPACTS NITROGEN NOX NUTRIENTS OIL PRICES ORGANIC MATTER OXIDES PER CAPITA INCOME POLICY MAKERS PORTFOLIO POWER GENERATION PUBLIC SPENDING RAIN RAINFALL RAINFALL PATTERNS RAINFALL VARIABILITY RAINWATER REFLECTIVITY REGIONAL CLIMATE REGIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE REGIONAL CLIMATES RENEWABLE ENERGY RISK MANAGEMENT RISKS OF CLIMATE CHANGE SCIENTIFIC CONSENSUS SEA LEVEL RISE SEASON SHADOW PRICE SOIL CARBON SOLAR POWER SURFACE REFLECTIVITY SURFACE WATER SUSTAINABLE FOREST SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT TEMPERATURE TEMPERATURE CHANGE TEMPERATURES THREAT OF CLIMATE CHANGE TRANSPORT SECTOR UNCERTAINTIES UNEP VULNERABILITY TO CLIMATE CHANGE WATER CYCLE WEATHER INSURANCE WIND WIND POWER WMO WOOD FUEL This strategy for making development Climate-Resilient in Sub-Saharan Africa is the World Bank's operational response to climate variability and change on the continent. Grounded in a climate risk review of the Africa Region's sustainable development portfolio, it adds the climate change dimension to the Region's development strategy and business plan, the Africa Action Plan (AAP, 2009-2012), and will be an integral part of the AAP in the future. The AAP and the climate change strategy are a sound and realistic framework for climate-resilient development in Sub-Saharan Africa. The strategy is based on the premise that increased climate variability threatens the development gains of African countries, and that these effects need to be anticipated so that development efforts can be made more resilient to climate change. Climate has always featured prominently in African development, and people across the continent have been living with and adapting to a high degree of climate variability and its associated risks for many centuries. Yet the accelerated changes in the climate and increasing incidence of climatic disasters (floods, droughts, cyclones) during the last century, and the scientific consensus that Africa is the continent most vulnerable and least able to cope with these changes, have brought these risks into sharper focus, and made the need to address them more urgent. 2012-03-19T17:27:06Z 2012-03-19T17:27:06Z 2009-10-30 http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000333037_20120209223802 https://hdl.handle.net/10986/3211 English CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank application/pdf text/plain World Bank