Gender Gaps in the Labor Market and Economic Growth
This paper studies the effects of policies aimed at mitigating discrimination against women in the marketplace on the gender wage gap, decisions to invest in skills, the composition of employment and unemployment, and long-run growth. The analysis uses a gender-based overlapping generations model with labor market rigidities. Gender bias in the workplace varies inversely with the presence of skilled women (as agents of change) in the labor market and has a direct impact on their bargaining power in the family. The model is calibrated for Morocco. Experiments show that although the benefits of policies aimed at mitigating gender bias in the workplace can promote growth and be significantly magnified through a stronger presence of skilled women in the labor market, a trade-off may emerge with respect to female unemployment when anti-discrimination policies are combined with policies aimed at subsidizing women's training. To internalize this trade-off, anti-discrimination policies in the marketplace may need to be complemented by measures aimed at reducing labor costs and raising productivity.
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Working Paper biblioteca |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
World Bank, Washington, DC
2018-12
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| Subjects: | GENDER EQUALITY, GENDER GAP, INEQUALITY, EMPLOYMENT, ECONOMIC GROWTH, LABOR MARKET, FEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION, UNEMPLOYMENT, DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN, GENDER BIAS, SKILLS DEVELOPMENT, |
| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/379881543853975376/Gender-Gaps-in-the-Labor-Market-and-Economic-Growth https://hdl.handle.net/10986/30983 |
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| Summary: | This paper studies the effects of
policies aimed at mitigating discrimination against women in
the marketplace on the gender wage gap, decisions to invest
in skills, the composition of employment and unemployment,
and long-run growth. The analysis uses a gender-based
overlapping generations model with labor market rigidities.
Gender bias in the workplace varies inversely with the
presence of skilled women (as agents of change) in the labor
market and has a direct impact on their bargaining power in
the family. The model is calibrated for Morocco. Experiments
show that although the benefits of policies aimed at
mitigating gender bias in the workplace can promote growth
and be significantly magnified through a stronger presence
of skilled women in the labor market, a trade-off may emerge
with respect to female unemployment when anti-discrimination
policies are combined with policies aimed at subsidizing
women's training. To internalize this trade-off,
anti-discrimination policies in the marketplace may need to
be complemented by measures aimed at reducing labor costs
and raising productivity. |
|---|