Determinants of Farm Policies in the United States, 1996-2008
This paper focuses on the political economy of United States (U.S.) farm policy since the Uruguay round trade negotiations concluded in 1994 and established the World Trade Organization (WTO). The continued ability of the powerful farm lobby in the U.S. to elicit support in the political arena is evident from this analysis. Yet there have been some substantial changes in policy that have reduced their distortionary effects, as well as some setbacks to liberalizing reform. New Doha round commitments could put further constraints on subsidies provided by some U.S. policy instruments. And despite the ability of the farm lobby to retain its support programs through 2012, there are several political uncertainties about the alignments that have allowed U.S. farm support to endure.
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dig-okr-10986281602024-08-08T16:01:27Z Determinants of Farm Policies in the United States, 1996-2008 Orden, David Blandford, David Josling, Timothy ADVERSE EFFECT AGRIBUSINESS AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES AGRICULTURAL MARKETS AGRICULTURAL PRICES AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURAL SUBSIDIES AGRICULTURE AVERAGE YIELDS BIDDING BILATERAL TRADE CANE SUGAR COMMODITIES COMMODITY COMMODITY PRICE COMMODITY PRICES COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE CONSUMERS CORN CORN PRICES COTTON CROP CROP INSURANCE CROP YIELDS CROPS CULTIVATION DEREGULATION DIRECT PAYMENTS DISTORTIONARY EFFECTS ECONOMIC DOWNTURN ECONOMICS ENERGY CROPS ENERGY PRICES ENTITLEMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY EQUILIBRIUM ETHANOL EXPENDITURE EXPENDITURES EXPORT CREDIT EXPORTS EXPOSURE FAIR FARM FARM INCOME FARM INCOMES FARMER FARMERS FARMING FINANCIAL CRISIS FOOD POLICY RESEARCH FOOD PRICES FOOD PRODUCTION FRUITS FUTURE PROSPECTS GOVERNMENT INTERVENTIONS GRAZING HORTICULTURAL CROPS IFPRI INCOME INCOMES INFLATION INSURANCE INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE INTERNATIONAL TRADE LONG-TERM CONTRACTS MARKET ACCESS MARKET DEMAND MARKET DISTORTIONS MARKET PRICE MARKET PRICES MARKETING MONETARY POLICY MULTILATERAL TRADE NATIONAL ECONOMY OIL OIL PRICES OILSEEDS OUTPUT PEANUTS PLANTING POLICY DECISIONS POLICY INSTRUMENTS POLITICAL ECONOMY POLITICAL RISKS PRICE LEVEL PRICE LEVELS PRICE MOVEMENTS PRICE SUPPORT PRICE SUPPORTS PRODUCE PRODUCER GROUPS PRODUCERS PRODUCTION COSTS QUOTAS SAFETY NET SAVINGS SOYBEANS SPRING STAGFLATION SUGAR SURPLUSES SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TAX TAX CREDIT TAX CREDITS THIRD WORLD TOBACCO TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE POLICY URUGUAY ROUND VEGETABLES VOTERS WHEAT WORLD MARKET WORLD MARKETS WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO YIELDS This paper focuses on the political economy of United States (U.S.) farm policy since the Uruguay round trade negotiations concluded in 1994 and established the World Trade Organization (WTO). The continued ability of the powerful farm lobby in the U.S. to elicit support in the political arena is evident from this analysis. Yet there have been some substantial changes in policy that have reduced their distortionary effects, as well as some setbacks to liberalizing reform. New Doha round commitments could put further constraints on subsidies provided by some U.S. policy instruments. And despite the ability of the farm lobby to retain its support programs through 2012, there are several political uncertainties about the alignments that have allowed U.S. farm support to endure. 2017-09-07T16:36:22Z 2017-09-07T16:36:22Z 2009-05 Working Paper Document de travail Documento de trabajo http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/252071468167659875/Determinants-of-farm-policies-in-the-United-States-1996-2008 https://hdl.handle.net/10986/28160 English en_US Agricultural Distortions Working Paper;81 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo World Bank application/pdf text/plain World Bank, Washington, DC |
| institution |
Banco Mundial |
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Estados Unidos |
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US |
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Bibliográfico |
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En linea |
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dig-okr |
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biblioteca |
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America del Norte |
| libraryname |
Biblioteca del Banco Mundial |
| language |
English en_US |
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ADVERSE EFFECT AGRIBUSINESS AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES AGRICULTURAL MARKETS AGRICULTURAL PRICES AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURAL SUBSIDIES AGRICULTURE AVERAGE YIELDS BIDDING BILATERAL TRADE CANE SUGAR COMMODITIES COMMODITY COMMODITY PRICE COMMODITY PRICES COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE CONSUMERS CORN CORN PRICES COTTON CROP CROP INSURANCE CROP YIELDS CROPS CULTIVATION DEREGULATION DIRECT PAYMENTS DISTORTIONARY EFFECTS ECONOMIC DOWNTURN ECONOMICS ENERGY CROPS ENERGY PRICES ENTITLEMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY EQUILIBRIUM ETHANOL EXPENDITURE EXPENDITURES EXPORT CREDIT EXPORTS EXPOSURE FAIR FARM FARM INCOME FARM INCOMES FARMER FARMERS FARMING FINANCIAL CRISIS FOOD POLICY RESEARCH FOOD PRICES FOOD PRODUCTION FRUITS FUTURE PROSPECTS GOVERNMENT INTERVENTIONS GRAZING HORTICULTURAL CROPS IFPRI INCOME INCOMES INFLATION INSURANCE INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE INTERNATIONAL TRADE LONG-TERM CONTRACTS MARKET ACCESS MARKET DEMAND MARKET DISTORTIONS MARKET PRICE MARKET PRICES MARKETING MONETARY POLICY MULTILATERAL TRADE NATIONAL ECONOMY OIL OIL PRICES OILSEEDS OUTPUT PEANUTS PLANTING POLICY DECISIONS POLICY INSTRUMENTS POLITICAL ECONOMY POLITICAL RISKS PRICE LEVEL PRICE LEVELS PRICE MOVEMENTS PRICE SUPPORT PRICE SUPPORTS PRODUCE PRODUCER GROUPS PRODUCERS PRODUCTION COSTS QUOTAS SAFETY NET SAVINGS SOYBEANS SPRING STAGFLATION SUGAR SURPLUSES SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TAX TAX CREDIT TAX CREDITS THIRD WORLD TOBACCO TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE POLICY URUGUAY ROUND VEGETABLES VOTERS WHEAT WORLD MARKET WORLD MARKETS WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO YIELDS ADVERSE EFFECT AGRIBUSINESS AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES AGRICULTURAL MARKETS AGRICULTURAL PRICES AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURAL SUBSIDIES AGRICULTURE AVERAGE YIELDS BIDDING BILATERAL TRADE CANE SUGAR COMMODITIES COMMODITY COMMODITY PRICE COMMODITY PRICES COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE CONSUMERS CORN CORN PRICES COTTON CROP CROP INSURANCE CROP YIELDS CROPS CULTIVATION DEREGULATION DIRECT PAYMENTS DISTORTIONARY EFFECTS ECONOMIC DOWNTURN ECONOMICS ENERGY CROPS ENERGY PRICES ENTITLEMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY EQUILIBRIUM ETHANOL EXPENDITURE EXPENDITURES EXPORT CREDIT EXPORTS EXPOSURE FAIR FARM FARM INCOME FARM INCOMES FARMER FARMERS FARMING FINANCIAL CRISIS FOOD POLICY RESEARCH FOOD PRICES FOOD PRODUCTION FRUITS FUTURE PROSPECTS GOVERNMENT INTERVENTIONS GRAZING HORTICULTURAL CROPS IFPRI INCOME INCOMES INFLATION INSURANCE INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE INTERNATIONAL TRADE LONG-TERM CONTRACTS MARKET ACCESS MARKET DEMAND MARKET DISTORTIONS MARKET PRICE MARKET PRICES MARKETING MONETARY POLICY MULTILATERAL TRADE NATIONAL ECONOMY OIL OIL PRICES OILSEEDS OUTPUT PEANUTS PLANTING POLICY DECISIONS POLICY INSTRUMENTS POLITICAL ECONOMY POLITICAL RISKS PRICE LEVEL PRICE LEVELS PRICE MOVEMENTS PRICE SUPPORT PRICE SUPPORTS PRODUCE PRODUCER GROUPS PRODUCERS PRODUCTION COSTS QUOTAS SAFETY NET SAVINGS SOYBEANS SPRING STAGFLATION SUGAR SURPLUSES SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TAX TAX CREDIT TAX CREDITS THIRD WORLD TOBACCO TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE POLICY URUGUAY ROUND VEGETABLES VOTERS WHEAT WORLD MARKET WORLD MARKETS WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO YIELDS |
| spellingShingle |
ADVERSE EFFECT AGRIBUSINESS AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES AGRICULTURAL MARKETS AGRICULTURAL PRICES AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURAL SUBSIDIES AGRICULTURE AVERAGE YIELDS BIDDING BILATERAL TRADE CANE SUGAR COMMODITIES COMMODITY COMMODITY PRICE COMMODITY PRICES COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE CONSUMERS CORN CORN PRICES COTTON CROP CROP INSURANCE CROP YIELDS CROPS CULTIVATION DEREGULATION DIRECT PAYMENTS DISTORTIONARY EFFECTS ECONOMIC DOWNTURN ECONOMICS ENERGY CROPS ENERGY PRICES ENTITLEMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY EQUILIBRIUM ETHANOL EXPENDITURE EXPENDITURES EXPORT CREDIT EXPORTS EXPOSURE FAIR FARM FARM INCOME FARM INCOMES FARMER FARMERS FARMING FINANCIAL CRISIS FOOD POLICY RESEARCH FOOD PRICES FOOD PRODUCTION FRUITS FUTURE PROSPECTS GOVERNMENT INTERVENTIONS GRAZING HORTICULTURAL CROPS IFPRI INCOME INCOMES INFLATION INSURANCE INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE INTERNATIONAL TRADE LONG-TERM CONTRACTS MARKET ACCESS MARKET DEMAND MARKET DISTORTIONS MARKET PRICE MARKET PRICES MARKETING MONETARY POLICY MULTILATERAL TRADE NATIONAL ECONOMY OIL OIL PRICES OILSEEDS OUTPUT PEANUTS PLANTING POLICY DECISIONS POLICY INSTRUMENTS POLITICAL ECONOMY POLITICAL RISKS PRICE LEVEL PRICE LEVELS PRICE MOVEMENTS PRICE SUPPORT PRICE SUPPORTS PRODUCE PRODUCER GROUPS PRODUCERS PRODUCTION COSTS QUOTAS SAFETY NET SAVINGS SOYBEANS SPRING STAGFLATION SUGAR SURPLUSES SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TAX TAX CREDIT TAX CREDITS THIRD WORLD TOBACCO TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE POLICY URUGUAY ROUND VEGETABLES VOTERS WHEAT WORLD MARKET WORLD MARKETS WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO YIELDS ADVERSE EFFECT AGRIBUSINESS AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES AGRICULTURAL MARKETS AGRICULTURAL PRICES AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURAL SUBSIDIES AGRICULTURE AVERAGE YIELDS BIDDING BILATERAL TRADE CANE SUGAR COMMODITIES COMMODITY COMMODITY PRICE COMMODITY PRICES COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE CONSUMERS CORN CORN PRICES COTTON CROP CROP INSURANCE CROP YIELDS CROPS CULTIVATION DEREGULATION DIRECT PAYMENTS DISTORTIONARY EFFECTS ECONOMIC DOWNTURN ECONOMICS ENERGY CROPS ENERGY PRICES ENTITLEMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY EQUILIBRIUM ETHANOL EXPENDITURE EXPENDITURES EXPORT CREDIT EXPORTS EXPOSURE FAIR FARM FARM INCOME FARM INCOMES FARMER FARMERS FARMING FINANCIAL CRISIS FOOD POLICY RESEARCH FOOD PRICES FOOD PRODUCTION FRUITS FUTURE PROSPECTS GOVERNMENT INTERVENTIONS GRAZING HORTICULTURAL CROPS IFPRI INCOME INCOMES INFLATION INSURANCE INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE INTERNATIONAL TRADE LONG-TERM CONTRACTS MARKET ACCESS MARKET DEMAND MARKET DISTORTIONS MARKET PRICE MARKET PRICES MARKETING MONETARY POLICY MULTILATERAL TRADE NATIONAL ECONOMY OIL OIL PRICES OILSEEDS OUTPUT PEANUTS PLANTING POLICY DECISIONS POLICY INSTRUMENTS POLITICAL ECONOMY POLITICAL RISKS PRICE LEVEL PRICE LEVELS PRICE MOVEMENTS PRICE SUPPORT PRICE SUPPORTS PRODUCE PRODUCER GROUPS PRODUCERS PRODUCTION COSTS QUOTAS SAFETY NET SAVINGS SOYBEANS SPRING STAGFLATION SUGAR SURPLUSES SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TAX TAX CREDIT TAX CREDITS THIRD WORLD TOBACCO TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE POLICY URUGUAY ROUND VEGETABLES VOTERS WHEAT WORLD MARKET WORLD MARKETS WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO YIELDS Orden, David Blandford, David Josling, Timothy Determinants of Farm Policies in the United States, 1996-2008 |
| description |
This paper focuses on the political
economy of United States (U.S.) farm policy since the
Uruguay round trade negotiations concluded in 1994 and
established the World Trade Organization (WTO). The
continued ability of the powerful farm lobby in the U.S. to
elicit support in the political arena is evident from this
analysis. Yet there have been some substantial changes in
policy that have reduced their distortionary effects, as
well as some setbacks to liberalizing reform. New Doha round
commitments could put further constraints on subsidies
provided by some U.S. policy instruments. And despite the
ability of the farm lobby to retain its support programs
through 2012, there are several political uncertainties
about the alignments that have allowed U.S. farm support to endure. |
| format |
Working Paper |
| topic_facet |
ADVERSE EFFECT AGRIBUSINESS AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES AGRICULTURAL MARKETS AGRICULTURAL PRICES AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURAL SUBSIDIES AGRICULTURE AVERAGE YIELDS BIDDING BILATERAL TRADE CANE SUGAR COMMODITIES COMMODITY COMMODITY PRICE COMMODITY PRICES COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE CONSUMERS CORN CORN PRICES COTTON CROP CROP INSURANCE CROP YIELDS CROPS CULTIVATION DEREGULATION DIRECT PAYMENTS DISTORTIONARY EFFECTS ECONOMIC DOWNTURN ECONOMICS ENERGY CROPS ENERGY PRICES ENTITLEMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY EQUILIBRIUM ETHANOL EXPENDITURE EXPENDITURES EXPORT CREDIT EXPORTS EXPOSURE FAIR FARM FARM INCOME FARM INCOMES FARMER FARMERS FARMING FINANCIAL CRISIS FOOD POLICY RESEARCH FOOD PRICES FOOD PRODUCTION FRUITS FUTURE PROSPECTS GOVERNMENT INTERVENTIONS GRAZING HORTICULTURAL CROPS IFPRI INCOME INCOMES INFLATION INSURANCE INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE INTERNATIONAL TRADE LONG-TERM CONTRACTS MARKET ACCESS MARKET DEMAND MARKET DISTORTIONS MARKET PRICE MARKET PRICES MARKETING MONETARY POLICY MULTILATERAL TRADE NATIONAL ECONOMY OIL OIL PRICES OILSEEDS OUTPUT PEANUTS PLANTING POLICY DECISIONS POLICY INSTRUMENTS POLITICAL ECONOMY POLITICAL RISKS PRICE LEVEL PRICE LEVELS PRICE MOVEMENTS PRICE SUPPORT PRICE SUPPORTS PRODUCE PRODUCER GROUPS PRODUCERS PRODUCTION COSTS QUOTAS SAFETY NET SAVINGS SOYBEANS SPRING STAGFLATION SUGAR SURPLUSES SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TAX TAX CREDIT TAX CREDITS THIRD WORLD TOBACCO TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE POLICY URUGUAY ROUND VEGETABLES VOTERS WHEAT WORLD MARKET WORLD MARKETS WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO YIELDS |
| author |
Orden, David Blandford, David Josling, Timothy |
| author_facet |
Orden, David Blandford, David Josling, Timothy |
| author_sort |
Orden, David |
| title |
Determinants of Farm Policies in the United States, 1996-2008 |
| title_short |
Determinants of Farm Policies in the United States, 1996-2008 |
| title_full |
Determinants of Farm Policies in the United States, 1996-2008 |
| title_fullStr |
Determinants of Farm Policies in the United States, 1996-2008 |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Determinants of Farm Policies in the United States, 1996-2008 |
| title_sort |
determinants of farm policies in the united states, 1996-2008 |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2009-05 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/252071468167659875/Determinants-of-farm-policies-in-the-United-States-1996-2008 https://hdl.handle.net/10986/28160 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT ordendavid determinantsoffarmpoliciesintheunitedstates19962008 AT blandforddavid determinantsoffarmpoliciesintheunitedstates19962008 AT joslingtimothy determinantsoffarmpoliciesintheunitedstates19962008 |
| _version_ |
1807156984561008640 |