Fertility Decline in Pakistan 1980-2006

Pakistan was selected as a case study because of its estimated 40 percent decline in fertility between 1980 and 2006. Pakistan's high fertility rate began to decline gradually after the late 1980s and has continued to fall since then, though progress has been uneven and there have been signs of a slowdown in recent years. Unlike the other four case study countries (Algeria, Botswana, Iran, and Nicaragua), the history of fertility reduction in Pakistan has not been an overwhelming success story but rather a story of challenges, partial responses, and shortcomings that offer abundant lessons for other high-fertility countries as well as planners in Pakistan.

Bibliographic Details

Main Author:	World Bank
Format:	Report biblioteca
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2010-05
Subjects:	ABORTION, ABORTION RATE, ABSTINENCE, ACCESS TO EMPLOYMENT, ADVOCACY CAMPAIGNS, AGE AT MARRIAGE, BREASTFEEDING, CHILD HEALTH, CHILD HEALTH SERVICES, CHILD MORTALITY, CHILDBEARING, CHILDBIRTH, CHILDREN PER WOMAN, CLINICS, COMMUNICABLE DISEASES, COMMUNITY HEALTH, COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION, CONDOM, CONDOM USE, CONTRACEPTIVE METHOD, CONTRACEPTIVE PREVALENCE, CONTRACEPTIVE USE, CURRENT TOTAL FERTILITY, DECLINE IN FERTILITY, DECLINE OF FERTILITY, DEMAND FOR CONTRACEPTIVES, DEMAND FOR FAMILY PLANNING, DEMOCRACY, DEMOGRAPHERS, DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS, DEVELOPMENT EFFORTS, DEVELOPMENT PLANNING, DEVELOPMENT PLANNING PROCESS, DEVELOPMENT POLICIES, DOMESTIC POLITICS, ECONOMIC GROWTH, EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT, FAMILIES, FAMILY PLANNING, FAMILY PLANNING METHODS, FAMILY PLANNING PROGRAM, FAMILY PLANNING SERVICE, FAMILY PLANNING USE, FAMILY SIZE, FAMILY STRUCTURE, FEMALE EDUCATION, FEMALE LITERACY, FEMALE STERILIZATION, FERTILITY, FERTILITY CONTROL, FERTILITY DECLINE, FERTILITY LEVELS, FERTILITY PREFERENCES, FERTILITY RATE, FERTILITY TRANSITION, FIRST BIRTH, FIRST CHILD, GENDER DISPARITIES, GENDER EQUITY, GENDER GAP, GENDER INEQUALITY, GROSS NATIONAL INCOME, GYNECOLOGY, HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS, HEALTH COALITION, HEALTH EDUCATION, HEALTH INDICATORS, HEALTH OUTCOMES, HEALTH POLICY, HEALTH SERVICES, HEALTH SYSTEMS, HIGH FERTILITY LEVELS, HIGH FERTILITY RATE, HOSPITAL, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, HUSBANDS, IDEAL FAMILY SIZE, IDEAL NUMBER OF CHILDREN, IMMUNIZATION, IMPACT ON FERTILITY, INFANT, INFANT MORTALITY, INFANT MORTALITY RATE, INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY, INTERNATIONAL WOMEN, INTERVENTION, IUD, LABOR FORCE, LABOR MARKET, LEVEL OF EDUCATION, LIFE EXPECTANCY, LITERACY RATES, LIVE BIRTHS, LOWER FERTILITY, MANAGEMENT OF POPULATION, MARKET ECONOMY, MARRIED COUPLES, MARRIED WOMEN, MATERNAL MORTALITY, MATERNAL MORTALITY RATIO, MEASLES, MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOAL, MINISTRY OF HEALTH, MINISTRY OF POPULATION, MODERN CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS, MODERN CONTRACEPTIVES, MORTALITY, MORTALITY RISK, MOTHER, NATIONAL FAMILY PLANNING, NEED FOR FAMILY PLANNING, NEWBORNS, NO MORE CHILDREN, NUMBER OF CHILDREN, NURSES, NUTRITION, OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN, ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES, PARAMEDICS, PATIENTS, PHYSICIANS, PILL, POLITICAL SUPPORT, POPULATION COUNCIL, POPULATION ISSUES, POPULATION PLANNING, POPULATION POLICY, POPULATION PROGRAMS, POPULATION SECTOR, POPULATION STUDIES, POPULOUS COUNTRY, POST-ABORTION, PREFERENCE FOR SONS, PREGNANCIES, PREGNANCY, PRENATAL CARE, PRIMARY EDUCATION, PRIMARY HEALTH CARE, PRIMARY SCHOOL, PRIMARY SCHOOLS, PUBLIC HEALTH, PUBLIC POLICY, PUBLIC SERVICES, RAPID POPULATION GROWTH, RELIABLE FAMILY PLANNING, RELIGIOUS BELIEFS, RELIGIOUS LEADERS, REPRODUCTIVE AGE, REPRODUCTIVE BEHAVIOR, REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH, REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH PROGRAMS, RURAL AREAS, RURAL COMMUNITIES, RURAL GIRLS, RURAL WOMEN, SECONDARY EDUCATION, SECONDARY SCHOOL, SECONDARY SCHOOLING, SERVICE DELIVERY, SERVICE PROVIDER, SERVICE PROVISION, SERVICES TO WOMEN, SEX, SKILLED STAFF, SMALL FAMILIES, SOCIAL ACTION, SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT, SOCIAL MARKETING, SOCIAL MARKETING OF CONTRACEPTIVES, SOCIAL PROGRESS, SOCIAL SERVICES, SOCIAL STATUS, SOCIAL WELFARE, SON PREFERENCE, SPOUSES, STATE UNIVERSITY, STERILIZATION, SURGERY, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, TERMINATION OF PREGNANCY, TRADITIONAL HEALERS, UNEDUCATED WOMEN, UNINTENDED PREGNANCIES, UNITED NATIONS POPULATION FUND, UNIVERSAL PRIMARY EDUCATION, UNMET CONTRACEPTIVE NEED, UNMET DEMAND, UNSAFE ABORTIONS, UNWANTED PREGNANCY, URBAN AREAS, URBAN WOMEN, USE OF CONTRACEPTION, USE OF FAMILY PLANNING, WOMAN, WORKERS, YOUNG WOMEN,
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/154641468331832496/Fertility-decline-in-Pakistan-1980-2006-a-case-study https://hdl.handle.net/10986/27496
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