Land Redistribution in South Africa
This paper provides an overview of land
reform in South Africa from 1994 to 2011, with the focus on
the land redistribution. The government policies and
associated implementation since 1994 have not generated
expected social and economic results for a number of
reasons. Even where land has been transferred, it appears to
have had minimal impact on the livelihoods of beneficiaries,
largely because of inappropriate project design, a lack of
necessary support services and shortages of working capital,
leading to widespread underutilization of land. There is no
evidence to suggest that land reform has led to improvements
in agricultural efficiency, income, employment or economic
growth. Therefore, the current approach, based on
acquisition of land through the open market, minimal support
to new farmers, and bureaucratic imposition of production
models loosely based on existing commercial operators, is
unlikely to transform the rural economy and lift people out
of poverty. The paper argues that there are two important
missing aspects in the land reform program. First, there is
an absence of any viable small-farmer path to development,
which could enable the millions of households residing in
the communal areas and on commercial farms to expand their
own production and accumulate wealth and resources in an
incremental manner. Making this happen would require
radical restructuring of existing farm units to create
family-size farms, more realistic farm planning, appropriate
support from a much-reformed state agricultural service, and
a much greater role for beneficiaries in the design and
implementation of their own projects. Second, what is
clearly missing from the governance tradition is the
sustained focus on implementation, resource mobilization,
and timely policy adjustment. Much more will be required for
land reform program to contribute significantly to economic
growth and to the redistribution of wealth and opportunities
to the majority of the population.
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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: |
Lahiff, Edward,
Li, Guo |
Format: | Working Paper
biblioteca
|
Language: | English en_US |
Published: |
World Bank, Washington, DC
2012-05-28
|
Subjects: | AGENTS,
AGRARIAN ECONOMY,
AGRARIAN REFORM,
AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT,
AGRICULTURAL FINANCE,
AGRICULTURAL LAND,
AGRICULTURAL POLICIES,
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION,
AGRICULTURAL SECTOR,
AGRICULTURAL SUPPORT,
AGRICULTURE,
COLLECTIVE FARMING,
COMMERCIAL AGRICULTURE,
COMMERCIAL BANKS,
COMMERCIAL FARMERS,
COMMERCIAL FARMS,
COMMUNAL AREAS,
COMMUNAL LAND,
COMMUNAL LANDS,
COMMUNAL TENURE,
CROP VARIETIES,
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT,
ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY,
ECONOMIC GROWTH,
ECONOMICS,
EQUIPMENT,
EQUITABLE ACCESS,
EQUITY SHARES,
EVICTIONS,
EXTENSION,
FARM EMPLOYMENT,
FARM PLANNING,
FARM WORKERS,
FARMERS,
FARMING AREAS,
FARMLAND,
FARMS,
FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS,
FOOD SECURITY,
GENDER,
HOUSEHOLD HEADS,
HOUSEHOLD INCOME,
HOUSEHOLDS,
HOUSING,
HUMAN RIGHTS,
ILLITERACY,
IMPROVED LAND,
INCOME,
INCOMES,
INEQUALITY,
LAND ACQUISITION,
LAND ADMINISTRATION,
LAND CLAIMS,
LAND EXPROPRIATION,
LAND MANAGEMENT,
LAND NATIONALIZATION,
LAND OWNERS,
LAND OWNERSHIP,
LAND PRICES,
LAND REDISTRIBUTION,
LAND REFORM,
LAND REFORM BENEFICIARIES,
LAND RIGHTS,
LAND TENURE,
LAND TENURE REFORM,
LAND TRANSFERS,
LAND USE,
LANDLESS HOUSEHOLDS,
LANDLESS PEOPLE,
LANDOWNERS,
LEASEHOLD,
LEASES,
LEASING,
LIVELIHOODS,
LIVESTOCK,
MALNUTRITION,
MARKETING,
NGOS,
NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS,
POINTS,
POOR,
POOR PAY,
POOR PEOPLE,
POST-SETTLEMENT SUPPORT,
POVERTY LINE,
POVERTY REDUCTION,
PRIVATE SECTOR,
PROPERTY RIGHTS,
RURAL,
RURAL AREAS,
RURAL BUSINESS,
RURAL COMMUNITIES,
RURAL DEVELOPMENT,
RURAL ECONOMY,
RURAL PEOPLE,
RURAL POVERTY,
RURAL SECTOR,
RURAL SETTINGS,
SMALL FARMS,
SMALLHOLDER FARMERS,
TARGETING,
TENANT FARMERS,
TENANTS,
UNEMPLOYMENT,
URBAN LAND,
URBANIZATION,
VETERINARY SERVICES,
WAR, |
Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/525981468302460916/Land-redistribution-in-South-Africa-a-critical-review
https://hdl.handle.net/10986/27168
|
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