Georgia Economic Impact of East-West Highway Phase 2

The objective of this study is to assess the impact of the East-West Highway improvement program on Georgia’s ability to access international markets. As highlighted extensively in the literature, improving transport infrastructure and the efficiency of the logistics sector can help countries gain competitiveness in international export markets, which can translate into faster economic growth and higher income. This study hypothesizes that investments in the EWH have reduced the cost of shipping Georgian goods to the rest of the world, and such reductions should be more significant for goods transported by road. To estimate the effect of cost reductions generated by improvements in the EWH, a gravity-type model in first-differences has been estimated. The results show that: (i) a 10 percent increase in the length of upgraded road network predicts a 1.1 percent increase in exports transported by road while no significant effect is estimated for exports on other transport modes (rail, sea, and air); (ii) the resulting increase in exports by road was reflected by a decrease in exports transported by sea; (iii) the effect is statistically and economically significant only for customs offices located along the EWH; (iv) only exports of time-sensitive products responded positively and significantly to improvements in the EWH during the 2006-2015 period; (v) upgrading the entire EWH is estimated to generate additional export revenues between USD 776 million and USD 1,466 million. It is important to note that the overall trade generating effect of the investment is expected to be somewhat lower as the results suggest some substitution between road and sea transport, but the overall impact is a significant boost to exports.

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Author: World Bank
Format: Report biblioteca
Language:English
en_US
Published: World Bank, Washington, DC 2016-06-27
Subjects:TARIFFS, EXPORT MARKETS, ECONOMIC GROWTH, FREE TRADE AGREEMENT, PRODUCTION, PRICE DISTORTIONS, VALUATION, ROAD IMPROVEMENTS, INCOME, INTEREST, EXPECTATIONS, TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE, VEHICLES, TRADE BARRIERS, EXPORT PERFORMANCE, REAL GDP, UTILITY MAXIMIZATION, TRANSPORT MODE, QUALITY OF TRANSPORT, EXPORTS, TREND, ELASTICITY, WELFARE, TRAVEL SPEED, EQUILIBRIUM, DISTRIBUTION, VARIABLES, REDUCTION IN TRAVEL, TRAFFIC, HIGHWAY SYSTEM, ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE, ROUTES, AIR, FREE TRADE, TRAVELERS, ROAD CAPACITY, TUNNEL, TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE, TRENDS, ECONOMIC OUTLOOK, HIGHWAY INVESTMENTS, TRANSPORT MODES, TRADE BARRIER, TRAVEL COSTS, VEHICLE, FOREIGN TRADE, ROAD, COSTS, DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS, ROAD NETWORK, TRANSPORT, INTERSTATE HIGHWAY SYSTEM, MODE OF TRANSPORT, CUSTOMS, EXTERNALITIES, TRIPS, EXPORT VOLUME, MARKETS, MODES OF TRANSPORT, DOMESTIC TRANSPORT, TRADE MODELS, HIGHWAY IMPROVEMENT, ECONOMIC SIZE, INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS, LENGTH OF ROAD, IMPORTS, TRADE POLICY, ROAD IMPROVEMENT, ELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTION, INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTION, TRAVEL TIMES, TRANSPORT EQUIPMENT, HIGHWAY IMPROVEMENT PROJECT, INTERNATIONAL GATEWAYS, UTILITY, TRADE AGREEMENT, GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, ROUTE, INFRASTRUCTURE, TAXES, INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS, GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM, CONSUMPTION, PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH, DRIVING, INTERNATIONAL PRODUCTION, TRAVEL, TRANSPORTATION, TRANSIT, POLICIES, BENEFITS OF TRADE, INTERNATIONAL TRADE, VALUE, COMPETITIVENESS, PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS, ELASTICITIES, EXPORT STRUCTURE, UTILITY FUNCTION, EXPECTED VALUE, CONSUMERS, AGRICULTURE, ECONOMY, TARIFF BARRIERS, HIGHWAYS, TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT, BRIDGE, REGRESSION ANALYSIS, ROADS, LENGTH OF ROADS, CROSSING, TRADE DATA, HIGHWAY, TRADE, ECONOMIC INTEGRATION, GDP, GOODS, THEORY, COST OF TRANSPORT, GROWTH RATE, BILATERAL TRADE, INVESTMENT, INVESTMENT IN ROADS, CUSTOMS OFFICES, POSITIVE EXTERNALITIES, TRANSIT CORRIDOR, TARIFF, RAIL, TRIP, LANES, EXPORT BASKET, INVESTMENTS, ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY, TRANSPORT COSTS, OUTCOMES, ROAD TRANSPORT, TRAVEL TIME, ADVERSE EFFECTS, INEQUALITY,
Online Access:http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2016/06/26529815/georgia-second-phase-economic-impact-east-west-highway-investments-exports-through-gravity-modeling
https://hdl.handle.net/10986/24668
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
id dig-okr-1098624668
record_format koha
institution Banco Mundial
collection DSpace
country Estados Unidos
countrycode US
component Bibliográfico
access En linea
databasecode dig-okr
tag biblioteca
region America del Norte
libraryname Biblioteca del Banco Mundial
language English
en_US
topic TARIFFS
EXPORT MARKETS
ECONOMIC GROWTH
FREE TRADE AGREEMENT
PRODUCTION
PRICE DISTORTIONS
VALUATION
ROAD IMPROVEMENTS
INCOME
INTEREST
EXPECTATIONS
TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE
VEHICLES
TRADE BARRIERS
EXPORT PERFORMANCE
REAL GDP
UTILITY MAXIMIZATION
TRANSPORT MODE
QUALITY OF TRANSPORT
EXPORTS
TREND
ELASTICITY
WELFARE
TRAVEL SPEED
EQUILIBRIUM
DISTRIBUTION
VARIABLES
REDUCTION IN TRAVEL
TRAFFIC
HIGHWAY SYSTEM
ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE
ROUTES
AIR
FREE TRADE
TRAVELERS
ROAD CAPACITY
TUNNEL
TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE
TRENDS
ECONOMIC OUTLOOK
HIGHWAY INVESTMENTS
TRANSPORT MODES
TRADE BARRIER
TRAVEL COSTS
VEHICLE
FOREIGN TRADE
ROAD
COSTS
DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
ROAD NETWORK
TRANSPORT
INTERSTATE HIGHWAY SYSTEM
MODE OF TRANSPORT
CUSTOMS
EXTERNALITIES
TRIPS
EXPORT VOLUME
MARKETS
MODES OF TRANSPORT
DOMESTIC TRANSPORT
TRADE MODELS
HIGHWAY IMPROVEMENT
ECONOMIC SIZE
INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS
LENGTH OF ROAD
IMPORTS
TRADE POLICY
ROAD IMPROVEMENT
ELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTION
INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTION
TRAVEL TIMES
TRANSPORT EQUIPMENT
HIGHWAY IMPROVEMENT PROJECT
INTERNATIONAL GATEWAYS
UTILITY
TRADE AGREEMENT
GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
ROUTE
INFRASTRUCTURE
TAXES
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS
GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM
CONSUMPTION
PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH
DRIVING
INTERNATIONAL PRODUCTION
TRAVEL
TRANSPORTATION
TRANSIT
POLICIES
BENEFITS OF TRADE
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
VALUE
COMPETITIVENESS
PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS
ELASTICITIES
EXPORT STRUCTURE
UTILITY FUNCTION
EXPECTED VALUE
CONSUMERS
AGRICULTURE
ECONOMY
TARIFF BARRIERS
HIGHWAYS
TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT
BRIDGE
REGRESSION ANALYSIS
ROADS
LENGTH OF ROADS
CROSSING
TRADE DATA
HIGHWAY
TRADE
ECONOMIC INTEGRATION
GDP
GOODS
THEORY
COST OF TRANSPORT
GROWTH RATE
BILATERAL TRADE
INVESTMENT
INVESTMENT IN ROADS
CUSTOMS OFFICES
POSITIVE EXTERNALITIES
TRANSIT CORRIDOR
TARIFF
RAIL
TRIP
LANES
EXPORT BASKET
INVESTMENTS
ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY
TRANSPORT COSTS
OUTCOMES
ROAD TRANSPORT
TRAVEL TIME
ADVERSE EFFECTS
INEQUALITY
TARIFFS
EXPORT MARKETS
ECONOMIC GROWTH
FREE TRADE AGREEMENT
PRODUCTION
PRICE DISTORTIONS
VALUATION
ROAD IMPROVEMENTS
INCOME
INTEREST
EXPECTATIONS
TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE
VEHICLES
TRADE BARRIERS
EXPORT PERFORMANCE
REAL GDP
UTILITY MAXIMIZATION
TRANSPORT MODE
QUALITY OF TRANSPORT
EXPORTS
TREND
ELASTICITY
WELFARE
TRAVEL SPEED
EQUILIBRIUM
DISTRIBUTION
VARIABLES
REDUCTION IN TRAVEL
TRAFFIC
HIGHWAY SYSTEM
ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE
ROUTES
AIR
FREE TRADE
TRAVELERS
ROAD CAPACITY
TUNNEL
TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE
TRENDS
ECONOMIC OUTLOOK
HIGHWAY INVESTMENTS
TRANSPORT MODES
TRADE BARRIER
TRAVEL COSTS
VEHICLE
FOREIGN TRADE
ROAD
COSTS
DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
ROAD NETWORK
TRANSPORT
INTERSTATE HIGHWAY SYSTEM
MODE OF TRANSPORT
CUSTOMS
EXTERNALITIES
TRIPS
EXPORT VOLUME
MARKETS
MODES OF TRANSPORT
DOMESTIC TRANSPORT
TRADE MODELS
HIGHWAY IMPROVEMENT
ECONOMIC SIZE
INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS
LENGTH OF ROAD
IMPORTS
TRADE POLICY
ROAD IMPROVEMENT
ELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTION
INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTION
TRAVEL TIMES
TRANSPORT EQUIPMENT
HIGHWAY IMPROVEMENT PROJECT
INTERNATIONAL GATEWAYS
UTILITY
TRADE AGREEMENT
GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
ROUTE
INFRASTRUCTURE
TAXES
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS
GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM
CONSUMPTION
PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH
DRIVING
INTERNATIONAL PRODUCTION
TRAVEL
TRANSPORTATION
TRANSIT
POLICIES
BENEFITS OF TRADE
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
VALUE
COMPETITIVENESS
PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS
ELASTICITIES
EXPORT STRUCTURE
UTILITY FUNCTION
EXPECTED VALUE
CONSUMERS
AGRICULTURE
ECONOMY
TARIFF BARRIERS
HIGHWAYS
TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT
BRIDGE
REGRESSION ANALYSIS
ROADS
LENGTH OF ROADS
CROSSING
TRADE DATA
HIGHWAY
TRADE
ECONOMIC INTEGRATION
GDP
GOODS
THEORY
COST OF TRANSPORT
GROWTH RATE
BILATERAL TRADE
INVESTMENT
INVESTMENT IN ROADS
CUSTOMS OFFICES
POSITIVE EXTERNALITIES
TRANSIT CORRIDOR
TARIFF
RAIL
TRIP
LANES
EXPORT BASKET
INVESTMENTS
ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY
TRANSPORT COSTS
OUTCOMES
ROAD TRANSPORT
TRAVEL TIME
ADVERSE EFFECTS
INEQUALITY
spellingShingle TARIFFS
EXPORT MARKETS
ECONOMIC GROWTH
FREE TRADE AGREEMENT
PRODUCTION
PRICE DISTORTIONS
VALUATION
ROAD IMPROVEMENTS
INCOME
INTEREST
EXPECTATIONS
TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE
VEHICLES
TRADE BARRIERS
EXPORT PERFORMANCE
REAL GDP
UTILITY MAXIMIZATION
TRANSPORT MODE
QUALITY OF TRANSPORT
EXPORTS
TREND
ELASTICITY
WELFARE
TRAVEL SPEED
EQUILIBRIUM
DISTRIBUTION
VARIABLES
REDUCTION IN TRAVEL
TRAFFIC
HIGHWAY SYSTEM
ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE
ROUTES
AIR
FREE TRADE
TRAVELERS
ROAD CAPACITY
TUNNEL
TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE
TRENDS
ECONOMIC OUTLOOK
HIGHWAY INVESTMENTS
TRANSPORT MODES
TRADE BARRIER
TRAVEL COSTS
VEHICLE
FOREIGN TRADE
ROAD
COSTS
DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
ROAD NETWORK
TRANSPORT
INTERSTATE HIGHWAY SYSTEM
MODE OF TRANSPORT
CUSTOMS
EXTERNALITIES
TRIPS
EXPORT VOLUME
MARKETS
MODES OF TRANSPORT
DOMESTIC TRANSPORT
TRADE MODELS
HIGHWAY IMPROVEMENT
ECONOMIC SIZE
INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS
LENGTH OF ROAD
IMPORTS
TRADE POLICY
ROAD IMPROVEMENT
ELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTION
INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTION
TRAVEL TIMES
TRANSPORT EQUIPMENT
HIGHWAY IMPROVEMENT PROJECT
INTERNATIONAL GATEWAYS
UTILITY
TRADE AGREEMENT
GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
ROUTE
INFRASTRUCTURE
TAXES
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS
GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM
CONSUMPTION
PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH
DRIVING
INTERNATIONAL PRODUCTION
TRAVEL
TRANSPORTATION
TRANSIT
POLICIES
BENEFITS OF TRADE
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
VALUE
COMPETITIVENESS
PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS
ELASTICITIES
EXPORT STRUCTURE
UTILITY FUNCTION
EXPECTED VALUE
CONSUMERS
AGRICULTURE
ECONOMY
TARIFF BARRIERS
HIGHWAYS
TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT
BRIDGE
REGRESSION ANALYSIS
ROADS
LENGTH OF ROADS
CROSSING
TRADE DATA
HIGHWAY
TRADE
ECONOMIC INTEGRATION
GDP
GOODS
THEORY
COST OF TRANSPORT
GROWTH RATE
BILATERAL TRADE
INVESTMENT
INVESTMENT IN ROADS
CUSTOMS OFFICES
POSITIVE EXTERNALITIES
TRANSIT CORRIDOR
TARIFF
RAIL
TRIP
LANES
EXPORT BASKET
INVESTMENTS
ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY
TRANSPORT COSTS
OUTCOMES
ROAD TRANSPORT
TRAVEL TIME
ADVERSE EFFECTS
INEQUALITY
TARIFFS
EXPORT MARKETS
ECONOMIC GROWTH
FREE TRADE AGREEMENT
PRODUCTION
PRICE DISTORTIONS
VALUATION
ROAD IMPROVEMENTS
INCOME
INTEREST
EXPECTATIONS
TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE
VEHICLES
TRADE BARRIERS
EXPORT PERFORMANCE
REAL GDP
UTILITY MAXIMIZATION
TRANSPORT MODE
QUALITY OF TRANSPORT
EXPORTS
TREND
ELASTICITY
WELFARE
TRAVEL SPEED
EQUILIBRIUM
DISTRIBUTION
VARIABLES
REDUCTION IN TRAVEL
TRAFFIC
HIGHWAY SYSTEM
ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE
ROUTES
AIR
FREE TRADE
TRAVELERS
ROAD CAPACITY
TUNNEL
TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE
TRENDS
ECONOMIC OUTLOOK
HIGHWAY INVESTMENTS
TRANSPORT MODES
TRADE BARRIER
TRAVEL COSTS
VEHICLE
FOREIGN TRADE
ROAD
COSTS
DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
ROAD NETWORK
TRANSPORT
INTERSTATE HIGHWAY SYSTEM
MODE OF TRANSPORT
CUSTOMS
EXTERNALITIES
TRIPS
EXPORT VOLUME
MARKETS
MODES OF TRANSPORT
DOMESTIC TRANSPORT
TRADE MODELS
HIGHWAY IMPROVEMENT
ECONOMIC SIZE
INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS
LENGTH OF ROAD
IMPORTS
TRADE POLICY
ROAD IMPROVEMENT
ELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTION
INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTION
TRAVEL TIMES
TRANSPORT EQUIPMENT
HIGHWAY IMPROVEMENT PROJECT
INTERNATIONAL GATEWAYS
UTILITY
TRADE AGREEMENT
GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
ROUTE
INFRASTRUCTURE
TAXES
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS
GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM
CONSUMPTION
PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH
DRIVING
INTERNATIONAL PRODUCTION
TRAVEL
TRANSPORTATION
TRANSIT
POLICIES
BENEFITS OF TRADE
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
VALUE
COMPETITIVENESS
PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS
ELASTICITIES
EXPORT STRUCTURE
UTILITY FUNCTION
EXPECTED VALUE
CONSUMERS
AGRICULTURE
ECONOMY
TARIFF BARRIERS
HIGHWAYS
TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT
BRIDGE
REGRESSION ANALYSIS
ROADS
LENGTH OF ROADS
CROSSING
TRADE DATA
HIGHWAY
TRADE
ECONOMIC INTEGRATION
GDP
GOODS
THEORY
COST OF TRANSPORT
GROWTH RATE
BILATERAL TRADE
INVESTMENT
INVESTMENT IN ROADS
CUSTOMS OFFICES
POSITIVE EXTERNALITIES
TRANSIT CORRIDOR
TARIFF
RAIL
TRIP
LANES
EXPORT BASKET
INVESTMENTS
ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY
TRANSPORT COSTS
OUTCOMES
ROAD TRANSPORT
TRAVEL TIME
ADVERSE EFFECTS
INEQUALITY
World Bank
Georgia Economic Impact of East-West Highway Phase 2
description The objective of this study is to assess the impact of the East-West Highway improvement program on Georgia’s ability to access international markets. As highlighted extensively in the literature, improving transport infrastructure and the efficiency of the logistics sector can help countries gain competitiveness in international export markets, which can translate into faster economic growth and higher income. This study hypothesizes that investments in the EWH have reduced the cost of shipping Georgian goods to the rest of the world, and such reductions should be more significant for goods transported by road. To estimate the effect of cost reductions generated by improvements in the EWH, a gravity-type model in first-differences has been estimated. The results show that: (i) a 10 percent increase in the length of upgraded road network predicts a 1.1 percent increase in exports transported by road while no significant effect is estimated for exports on other transport modes (rail, sea, and air); (ii) the resulting increase in exports by road was reflected by a decrease in exports transported by sea; (iii) the effect is statistically and economically significant only for customs offices located along the EWH; (iv) only exports of time-sensitive products responded positively and significantly to improvements in the EWH during the 2006-2015 period; (v) upgrading the entire EWH is estimated to generate additional export revenues between USD 776 million and USD 1,466 million. It is important to note that the overall trade generating effect of the investment is expected to be somewhat lower as the results suggest some substitution between road and sea transport, but the overall impact is a significant boost to exports.
format Report
topic_facet TARIFFS
EXPORT MARKETS
ECONOMIC GROWTH
FREE TRADE AGREEMENT
PRODUCTION
PRICE DISTORTIONS
VALUATION
ROAD IMPROVEMENTS
INCOME
INTEREST
EXPECTATIONS
TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE
VEHICLES
TRADE BARRIERS
EXPORT PERFORMANCE
REAL GDP
UTILITY MAXIMIZATION
TRANSPORT MODE
QUALITY OF TRANSPORT
EXPORTS
TREND
ELASTICITY
WELFARE
TRAVEL SPEED
EQUILIBRIUM
DISTRIBUTION
VARIABLES
REDUCTION IN TRAVEL
TRAFFIC
HIGHWAY SYSTEM
ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE
ROUTES
AIR
FREE TRADE
TRAVELERS
ROAD CAPACITY
TUNNEL
TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE
TRENDS
ECONOMIC OUTLOOK
HIGHWAY INVESTMENTS
TRANSPORT MODES
TRADE BARRIER
TRAVEL COSTS
VEHICLE
FOREIGN TRADE
ROAD
COSTS
DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
ROAD NETWORK
TRANSPORT
INTERSTATE HIGHWAY SYSTEM
MODE OF TRANSPORT
CUSTOMS
EXTERNALITIES
TRIPS
EXPORT VOLUME
MARKETS
MODES OF TRANSPORT
DOMESTIC TRANSPORT
TRADE MODELS
HIGHWAY IMPROVEMENT
ECONOMIC SIZE
INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS
LENGTH OF ROAD
IMPORTS
TRADE POLICY
ROAD IMPROVEMENT
ELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTION
INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTION
TRAVEL TIMES
TRANSPORT EQUIPMENT
HIGHWAY IMPROVEMENT PROJECT
INTERNATIONAL GATEWAYS
UTILITY
TRADE AGREEMENT
GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
ROUTE
INFRASTRUCTURE
TAXES
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS
GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM
CONSUMPTION
PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH
DRIVING
INTERNATIONAL PRODUCTION
TRAVEL
TRANSPORTATION
TRANSIT
POLICIES
BENEFITS OF TRADE
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
VALUE
COMPETITIVENESS
PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS
ELASTICITIES
EXPORT STRUCTURE
UTILITY FUNCTION
EXPECTED VALUE
CONSUMERS
AGRICULTURE
ECONOMY
TARIFF BARRIERS
HIGHWAYS
TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT
BRIDGE
REGRESSION ANALYSIS
ROADS
LENGTH OF ROADS
CROSSING
TRADE DATA
HIGHWAY
TRADE
ECONOMIC INTEGRATION
GDP
GOODS
THEORY
COST OF TRANSPORT
GROWTH RATE
BILATERAL TRADE
INVESTMENT
INVESTMENT IN ROADS
CUSTOMS OFFICES
POSITIVE EXTERNALITIES
TRANSIT CORRIDOR
TARIFF
RAIL
TRIP
LANES
EXPORT BASKET
INVESTMENTS
ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY
TRANSPORT COSTS
OUTCOMES
ROAD TRANSPORT
TRAVEL TIME
ADVERSE EFFECTS
INEQUALITY
author World Bank
author_facet World Bank
author_sort World Bank
title Georgia Economic Impact of East-West Highway Phase 2
title_short Georgia Economic Impact of East-West Highway Phase 2
title_full Georgia Economic Impact of East-West Highway Phase 2
title_fullStr Georgia Economic Impact of East-West Highway Phase 2
title_full_unstemmed Georgia Economic Impact of East-West Highway Phase 2
title_sort georgia economic impact of east-west highway phase 2
publisher World Bank, Washington, DC
publishDate 2016-06-27
url http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2016/06/26529815/georgia-second-phase-economic-impact-east-west-highway-investments-exports-through-gravity-modeling
https://hdl.handle.net/10986/24668
work_keys_str_mv AT worldbank georgiaeconomicimpactofeastwesthighwayphase2
AT worldbank assessingtheimpactofeastwesthighwayinvestmentsonexportsthroughgravitymodeling
_version_ 1807154480502800384
spelling dig-okr-10986246682024-08-07T19:54:21Z Georgia Economic Impact of East-West Highway Phase 2 Assessing the Impact of East-West Highway Investments on Exports through Gravity Modeling World Bank TARIFFS EXPORT MARKETS ECONOMIC GROWTH FREE TRADE AGREEMENT PRODUCTION PRICE DISTORTIONS VALUATION ROAD IMPROVEMENTS INCOME INTEREST EXPECTATIONS TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE VEHICLES TRADE BARRIERS EXPORT PERFORMANCE REAL GDP UTILITY MAXIMIZATION TRANSPORT MODE QUALITY OF TRANSPORT EXPORTS TREND ELASTICITY WELFARE TRAVEL SPEED EQUILIBRIUM DISTRIBUTION VARIABLES REDUCTION IN TRAVEL TRAFFIC HIGHWAY SYSTEM ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE ROUTES AIR FREE TRADE TRAVELERS ROAD CAPACITY TUNNEL TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE TRENDS ECONOMIC OUTLOOK HIGHWAY INVESTMENTS TRANSPORT MODES TRADE BARRIER TRAVEL COSTS VEHICLE FOREIGN TRADE ROAD COSTS DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS ROAD NETWORK TRANSPORT INTERSTATE HIGHWAY SYSTEM MODE OF TRANSPORT CUSTOMS EXTERNALITIES TRIPS EXPORT VOLUME MARKETS MODES OF TRANSPORT DOMESTIC TRANSPORT TRADE MODELS HIGHWAY IMPROVEMENT ECONOMIC SIZE INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS LENGTH OF ROAD IMPORTS TRADE POLICY ROAD IMPROVEMENT ELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTION INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTION TRAVEL TIMES TRANSPORT EQUIPMENT HIGHWAY IMPROVEMENT PROJECT INTERNATIONAL GATEWAYS UTILITY TRADE AGREEMENT GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT ROUTE INFRASTRUCTURE TAXES INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM CONSUMPTION PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH DRIVING INTERNATIONAL PRODUCTION TRAVEL TRANSPORTATION TRANSIT POLICIES BENEFITS OF TRADE INTERNATIONAL TRADE VALUE COMPETITIVENESS PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS ELASTICITIES EXPORT STRUCTURE UTILITY FUNCTION EXPECTED VALUE CONSUMERS AGRICULTURE ECONOMY TARIFF BARRIERS HIGHWAYS TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT BRIDGE REGRESSION ANALYSIS ROADS LENGTH OF ROADS CROSSING TRADE DATA HIGHWAY TRADE ECONOMIC INTEGRATION GDP GOODS THEORY COST OF TRANSPORT GROWTH RATE BILATERAL TRADE INVESTMENT INVESTMENT IN ROADS CUSTOMS OFFICES POSITIVE EXTERNALITIES TRANSIT CORRIDOR TARIFF RAIL TRIP LANES EXPORT BASKET INVESTMENTS ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY TRANSPORT COSTS OUTCOMES ROAD TRANSPORT TRAVEL TIME ADVERSE EFFECTS INEQUALITY The objective of this study is to assess the impact of the East-West Highway improvement program on Georgia’s ability to access international markets. As highlighted extensively in the literature, improving transport infrastructure and the efficiency of the logistics sector can help countries gain competitiveness in international export markets, which can translate into faster economic growth and higher income. This study hypothesizes that investments in the EWH have reduced the cost of shipping Georgian goods to the rest of the world, and such reductions should be more significant for goods transported by road. To estimate the effect of cost reductions generated by improvements in the EWH, a gravity-type model in first-differences has been estimated. The results show that: (i) a 10 percent increase in the length of upgraded road network predicts a 1.1 percent increase in exports transported by road while no significant effect is estimated for exports on other transport modes (rail, sea, and air); (ii) the resulting increase in exports by road was reflected by a decrease in exports transported by sea; (iii) the effect is statistically and economically significant only for customs offices located along the EWH; (iv) only exports of time-sensitive products responded positively and significantly to improvements in the EWH during the 2006-2015 period; (v) upgrading the entire EWH is estimated to generate additional export revenues between USD 776 million and USD 1,466 million. It is important to note that the overall trade generating effect of the investment is expected to be somewhat lower as the results suggest some substitution between road and sea transport, but the overall impact is a significant boost to exports. 2016-07-12T18:14:10Z 2016-07-12T18:14:10Z 2016-06-27 Report Rapport Informe http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2016/06/26529815/georgia-second-phase-economic-impact-east-west-highway-investments-exports-through-gravity-modeling https://hdl.handle.net/10986/24668 English en_US CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank application/pdf text/plain World Bank, Washington, DC