Exporters, Engineers, and Blue-Collar Workers
This paper investigates differences in the composition of employment between exporting and non-exporting firms. In particular, it asks whether exporting firms hire more engineers relative to blue-collar workers than non-exporting firms. In a stylized partial-equilibrium model, firms produce goods of varying quality and exporters tend to produce higher quality goods, which are intensive in engineers relative to blue-collar workers. Firms are heterogeneous and more productive firms become exporters and have a higher demand for engineers. The paper provides causal evidence in support of these theories using the Chilean Encuesta Nacional Industrial Anual, an annual census of manufacturing firms. The results from an instrumental variable estimator suggest that Chilean exporters indeed utilize a higher share of engineers over blue-collar workers.
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dig-okr-10986245272024-08-07T19:56:17Z Exporters, Engineers, and Blue-Collar Workers Brambilla, Irene Lederman, Daniel Porto, Guido EMPLOYMENT EXPORT MARKETS EMPLOYMENT INFORMATION GOOD ACCOUNTING WORKERS WAGE GAP PRODUCTION WAGES POLICIES DOMESTIC MARKETS INTERNATIONAL TRADE PRODUCTION WORKERS SKILLED WORKERS VALUATION FINANCIAL CRISIS SALES INCOME WAGE INEQUALITY VALUE GUARANTEES PLANT SIZE RETURNS PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS MARGINAL COST EXPORT PERFORMANCE REAL GDP OPTION EXCHANGE DEMAND WAGE PREMIUM INFORMATION EXPORTS DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DOMESTIC MARKET AGGREGATE DEMAND DEMAND FUNCTION MARGINAL COSTS SKILL UPGRADING POLITICAL ECONOMY EXPORTERS FACTOR PRICES CONSUMERS PRODUCTIVE FIRMS FIRM PERFORMANCE LABOR ECONOMICS VARIABLES SHARES REAL EXCHANGE RATE PRICE MARKET PRODUCT QUALITY TRADE LIBERALIZATION RETURNS TO SCALE TOTAL SALES PRODUCTION FUNCTION ECONOMICS INPUT PRICES EXPORTER INTERNATIONAL BANK SKILLED LABOR MANAGEMENT INSTRUMENTS TRENDS CENTRAL BANK FOREIGN MARKETS TRADE GDP GOODS THEORY SHARE WORKER COMPETITIVE MARKETS CONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE PRODUCTS PRODUCTIVITY LABOR PRODUCTIVITY MARKETS EMPLOYMENT COMPOSITION MARKETING ORGANIZATIONS UNSKILLED WORKERS RETURN EXCHANGE RATE INSTRUMENT INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS PRODUCT LABOR OUTCOMES COST INCREASES TOTAL EMPLOYMENT UNSKILLED LABOR PRICES DEVELOPMENT POLICY This paper investigates differences in the composition of employment between exporting and non-exporting firms. In particular, it asks whether exporting firms hire more engineers relative to blue-collar workers than non-exporting firms. In a stylized partial-equilibrium model, firms produce goods of varying quality and exporters tend to produce higher quality goods, which are intensive in engineers relative to blue-collar workers. Firms are heterogeneous and more productive firms become exporters and have a higher demand for engineers. The paper provides causal evidence in support of these theories using the Chilean Encuesta Nacional Industrial Anual, an annual census of manufacturing firms. The results from an instrumental variable estimator suggest that Chilean exporters indeed utilize a higher share of engineers over blue-collar workers. 2016-06-14T20:20:09Z 2016-06-14T20:20:09Z 2016-05 Working Paper Document de travail Documento de trabajo http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2016/05/26419272/exporters-engineers-blue-collar-workers https://hdl.handle.net/10986/24527 English en_US Policy Research Working Paper;No. 7686 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank application/pdf text/plain World Bank, Washington, DC |
| institution |
Banco Mundial |
| collection |
DSpace |
| country |
Estados Unidos |
| countrycode |
US |
| component |
Bibliográfico |
| access |
En linea |
| databasecode |
dig-okr |
| tag |
biblioteca |
| region |
America del Norte |
| libraryname |
Biblioteca del Banco Mundial |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
EMPLOYMENT EXPORT MARKETS EMPLOYMENT INFORMATION GOOD ACCOUNTING WORKERS WAGE GAP PRODUCTION WAGES POLICIES DOMESTIC MARKETS INTERNATIONAL TRADE PRODUCTION WORKERS SKILLED WORKERS VALUATION FINANCIAL CRISIS SALES INCOME WAGE INEQUALITY VALUE GUARANTEES PLANT SIZE RETURNS PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS MARGINAL COST EXPORT PERFORMANCE REAL GDP OPTION EXCHANGE DEMAND WAGE PREMIUM INFORMATION EXPORTS DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DOMESTIC MARKET AGGREGATE DEMAND DEMAND FUNCTION MARGINAL COSTS SKILL UPGRADING POLITICAL ECONOMY EXPORTERS FACTOR PRICES CONSUMERS PRODUCTIVE FIRMS FIRM PERFORMANCE LABOR ECONOMICS VARIABLES SHARES REAL EXCHANGE RATE PRICE MARKET PRODUCT QUALITY TRADE LIBERALIZATION RETURNS TO SCALE TOTAL SALES PRODUCTION FUNCTION ECONOMICS INPUT PRICES EXPORTER INTERNATIONAL BANK SKILLED LABOR MANAGEMENT INSTRUMENTS TRENDS CENTRAL BANK FOREIGN MARKETS TRADE GDP GOODS THEORY SHARE WORKER COMPETITIVE MARKETS CONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE PRODUCTS PRODUCTIVITY LABOR PRODUCTIVITY MARKETS EMPLOYMENT COMPOSITION MARKETING ORGANIZATIONS UNSKILLED WORKERS RETURN EXCHANGE RATE INSTRUMENT INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS PRODUCT LABOR OUTCOMES COST INCREASES TOTAL EMPLOYMENT UNSKILLED LABOR PRICES DEVELOPMENT POLICY EMPLOYMENT EXPORT MARKETS EMPLOYMENT INFORMATION GOOD ACCOUNTING WORKERS WAGE GAP PRODUCTION WAGES POLICIES DOMESTIC MARKETS INTERNATIONAL TRADE PRODUCTION WORKERS SKILLED WORKERS VALUATION FINANCIAL CRISIS SALES INCOME WAGE INEQUALITY VALUE GUARANTEES PLANT SIZE RETURNS PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS MARGINAL COST EXPORT PERFORMANCE REAL GDP OPTION EXCHANGE DEMAND WAGE PREMIUM INFORMATION EXPORTS DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DOMESTIC MARKET AGGREGATE DEMAND DEMAND FUNCTION MARGINAL COSTS SKILL UPGRADING POLITICAL ECONOMY EXPORTERS FACTOR PRICES CONSUMERS PRODUCTIVE FIRMS FIRM PERFORMANCE LABOR ECONOMICS VARIABLES SHARES REAL EXCHANGE RATE PRICE MARKET PRODUCT QUALITY TRADE LIBERALIZATION RETURNS TO SCALE TOTAL SALES PRODUCTION FUNCTION ECONOMICS INPUT PRICES EXPORTER INTERNATIONAL BANK SKILLED LABOR MANAGEMENT INSTRUMENTS TRENDS CENTRAL BANK FOREIGN MARKETS TRADE GDP GOODS THEORY SHARE WORKER COMPETITIVE MARKETS CONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE PRODUCTS PRODUCTIVITY LABOR PRODUCTIVITY MARKETS EMPLOYMENT COMPOSITION MARKETING ORGANIZATIONS UNSKILLED WORKERS RETURN EXCHANGE RATE INSTRUMENT INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS PRODUCT LABOR OUTCOMES COST INCREASES TOTAL EMPLOYMENT UNSKILLED LABOR PRICES DEVELOPMENT POLICY |
| spellingShingle |
EMPLOYMENT EXPORT MARKETS EMPLOYMENT INFORMATION GOOD ACCOUNTING WORKERS WAGE GAP PRODUCTION WAGES POLICIES DOMESTIC MARKETS INTERNATIONAL TRADE PRODUCTION WORKERS SKILLED WORKERS VALUATION FINANCIAL CRISIS SALES INCOME WAGE INEQUALITY VALUE GUARANTEES PLANT SIZE RETURNS PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS MARGINAL COST EXPORT PERFORMANCE REAL GDP OPTION EXCHANGE DEMAND WAGE PREMIUM INFORMATION EXPORTS DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DOMESTIC MARKET AGGREGATE DEMAND DEMAND FUNCTION MARGINAL COSTS SKILL UPGRADING POLITICAL ECONOMY EXPORTERS FACTOR PRICES CONSUMERS PRODUCTIVE FIRMS FIRM PERFORMANCE LABOR ECONOMICS VARIABLES SHARES REAL EXCHANGE RATE PRICE MARKET PRODUCT QUALITY TRADE LIBERALIZATION RETURNS TO SCALE TOTAL SALES PRODUCTION FUNCTION ECONOMICS INPUT PRICES EXPORTER INTERNATIONAL BANK SKILLED LABOR MANAGEMENT INSTRUMENTS TRENDS CENTRAL BANK FOREIGN MARKETS TRADE GDP GOODS THEORY SHARE WORKER COMPETITIVE MARKETS CONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE PRODUCTS PRODUCTIVITY LABOR PRODUCTIVITY MARKETS EMPLOYMENT COMPOSITION MARKETING ORGANIZATIONS UNSKILLED WORKERS RETURN EXCHANGE RATE INSTRUMENT INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS PRODUCT LABOR OUTCOMES COST INCREASES TOTAL EMPLOYMENT UNSKILLED LABOR PRICES DEVELOPMENT POLICY EMPLOYMENT EXPORT MARKETS EMPLOYMENT INFORMATION GOOD ACCOUNTING WORKERS WAGE GAP PRODUCTION WAGES POLICIES DOMESTIC MARKETS INTERNATIONAL TRADE PRODUCTION WORKERS SKILLED WORKERS VALUATION FINANCIAL CRISIS SALES INCOME WAGE INEQUALITY VALUE GUARANTEES PLANT SIZE RETURNS PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS MARGINAL COST EXPORT PERFORMANCE REAL GDP OPTION EXCHANGE DEMAND WAGE PREMIUM INFORMATION EXPORTS DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DOMESTIC MARKET AGGREGATE DEMAND DEMAND FUNCTION MARGINAL COSTS SKILL UPGRADING POLITICAL ECONOMY EXPORTERS FACTOR PRICES CONSUMERS PRODUCTIVE FIRMS FIRM PERFORMANCE LABOR ECONOMICS VARIABLES SHARES REAL EXCHANGE RATE PRICE MARKET PRODUCT QUALITY TRADE LIBERALIZATION RETURNS TO SCALE TOTAL SALES PRODUCTION FUNCTION ECONOMICS INPUT PRICES EXPORTER INTERNATIONAL BANK SKILLED LABOR MANAGEMENT INSTRUMENTS TRENDS CENTRAL BANK FOREIGN MARKETS TRADE GDP GOODS THEORY SHARE WORKER COMPETITIVE MARKETS CONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE PRODUCTS PRODUCTIVITY LABOR PRODUCTIVITY MARKETS EMPLOYMENT COMPOSITION MARKETING ORGANIZATIONS UNSKILLED WORKERS RETURN EXCHANGE RATE INSTRUMENT INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS PRODUCT LABOR OUTCOMES COST INCREASES TOTAL EMPLOYMENT UNSKILLED LABOR PRICES DEVELOPMENT POLICY Brambilla, Irene Lederman, Daniel Porto, Guido Exporters, Engineers, and Blue-Collar Workers |
| description |
This paper investigates differences in
the composition of employment between exporting and
non-exporting firms. In particular, it asks whether
exporting firms hire more engineers relative to blue-collar
workers than non-exporting firms. In a stylized
partial-equilibrium model, firms produce goods of varying
quality and exporters tend to produce higher quality goods,
which are intensive in engineers relative to blue-collar
workers. Firms are heterogeneous and more productive firms
become exporters and have a higher demand for engineers. The
paper provides causal evidence in support of these theories
using the Chilean Encuesta Nacional Industrial Anual, an
annual census of manufacturing firms. The results from an
instrumental variable estimator suggest that Chilean
exporters indeed utilize a higher share of engineers over
blue-collar workers. |
| format |
Working Paper |
| topic_facet |
EMPLOYMENT EXPORT MARKETS EMPLOYMENT INFORMATION GOOD ACCOUNTING WORKERS WAGE GAP PRODUCTION WAGES POLICIES DOMESTIC MARKETS INTERNATIONAL TRADE PRODUCTION WORKERS SKILLED WORKERS VALUATION FINANCIAL CRISIS SALES INCOME WAGE INEQUALITY VALUE GUARANTEES PLANT SIZE RETURNS PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS MARGINAL COST EXPORT PERFORMANCE REAL GDP OPTION EXCHANGE DEMAND WAGE PREMIUM INFORMATION EXPORTS DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DOMESTIC MARKET AGGREGATE DEMAND DEMAND FUNCTION MARGINAL COSTS SKILL UPGRADING POLITICAL ECONOMY EXPORTERS FACTOR PRICES CONSUMERS PRODUCTIVE FIRMS FIRM PERFORMANCE LABOR ECONOMICS VARIABLES SHARES REAL EXCHANGE RATE PRICE MARKET PRODUCT QUALITY TRADE LIBERALIZATION RETURNS TO SCALE TOTAL SALES PRODUCTION FUNCTION ECONOMICS INPUT PRICES EXPORTER INTERNATIONAL BANK SKILLED LABOR MANAGEMENT INSTRUMENTS TRENDS CENTRAL BANK FOREIGN MARKETS TRADE GDP GOODS THEORY SHARE WORKER COMPETITIVE MARKETS CONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE PRODUCTS PRODUCTIVITY LABOR PRODUCTIVITY MARKETS EMPLOYMENT COMPOSITION MARKETING ORGANIZATIONS UNSKILLED WORKERS RETURN EXCHANGE RATE INSTRUMENT INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS PRODUCT LABOR OUTCOMES COST INCREASES TOTAL EMPLOYMENT UNSKILLED LABOR PRICES DEVELOPMENT POLICY |
| author |
Brambilla, Irene Lederman, Daniel Porto, Guido |
| author_facet |
Brambilla, Irene Lederman, Daniel Porto, Guido |
| author_sort |
Brambilla, Irene |
| title |
Exporters, Engineers, and Blue-Collar Workers |
| title_short |
Exporters, Engineers, and Blue-Collar Workers |
| title_full |
Exporters, Engineers, and Blue-Collar Workers |
| title_fullStr |
Exporters, Engineers, and Blue-Collar Workers |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Exporters, Engineers, and Blue-Collar Workers |
| title_sort |
exporters, engineers, and blue-collar workers |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2016-05 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2016/05/26419272/exporters-engineers-blue-collar-workers https://hdl.handle.net/10986/24527 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT brambillairene exportersengineersandbluecollarworkers AT ledermandaniel exportersengineersandbluecollarworkers AT portoguido exportersengineersandbluecollarworkers |
| _version_ |
1807154801303093248 |