Tajikistan - Autonomous Adaptation to Climate Change : Economic Opportunities and Institutional Constraints for Farming Households

Climate change presents significant threats to sustainable poverty reduction in Tajikistan. The primary impacts on rural livelihoods are expected to stem from reduced water quantity and quality (affecting agriculture), and increased frequency and severity of disasters. Options for farming households to autonomously adapt (and thereby move from climate vulnerability to resilience) include adoption of on-farm and off-farm measures. Farmland restructuring and the promotion of innovative rural production and land management measures have the potential to incentivize productivity and sustainable practices and reduce vulnerability, but achieving these objectives will rest on the behavioral responses of beneficiaries. In this context, assessing existing practices, as well as understanding institutional constraints to adaptation is crucial to improving economic opportunities for Tajik households and reducing vulnerability through well-designed interventions. This note examines the role of institutional factors (land tenure, legal security, and gender agency) in autonomous adaptation and improved resilience of rural communities through strategies for coping with climate-related shocks, sustainable land management practices, and income diversification. The note analyzes the extent to which differences in land rights are associated with differences in adaptation strategies and outcomes. The study focuses on two of Tajikistan s four main administrative divisions: Khatlon and Sughd districts. This note relies on a survey of farming households and a qualitative study that were undertaken specifically for this analysis. The note is structured as follows: section one give introduction. Section two describes land tenure arrangements, gender-related constraints, and sustainable land management practices in Tajikistan. Section three discusses the shocks experienced by households and the coping strategies used (including on-farm and off-farm strategies). Section four analyzes the determinants of knowledge and adoption of sustainable land management practices and on-farm investment. Section five concludes with policy recommendations to enable effective climate change adaptation by farming households.

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: World Bank
Format: Other Environmental Study biblioteca
Language:English
en_US
Published: Washington, DC 2014-05
Subjects:ACCESS TO INFORMATION, ACCESS TO IRRIGATION, ACCESS TO JUSTICE, AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES, AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION, AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICES, AGRICULTURAL INPUTS, AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT, AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCT, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS, AGRICULTURAL SECTOR, AGRICULTURE, ARABLE LAND, CLIMATE CHANGE, COLLECTIVE FARMS, COLLECTIVE LAND, COMMON PROPERTY, COMMUNITY LAND, COOPERATIVE FARMS, COPING STRATEGY, CREDIT MARKETS, CROP DIVERSITY, CROP ROTATION, CROP YIELDS, CROPS, DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN, DISEASES, DRAINAGE, DRIP IRRIGATION, DROUGHT, DRY SEASON, ECOLOGICAL ZONES, ECONOMIC DIVERSIFICATION, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMICS, EGALITARIAN AGRARIAN STRUCTURE, ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY, EQUIPMENT, EXTENSION, EXTENSION SERVICES, FAMILY FARMS, FARM DECISIONS, FARM EMPLOYMENT, FARM IRRIGATION, FARM PRACTICES, FARM PROCESSING, FARM PRODUCTION, FARM PRODUCTS, FARM SIZE, FARM WORK, FARM WORKERS, FARMER, FARMERS, FARMLAND, FARMS, FEMALE FARMERS, FEMALE HOUSEHOLD MEMBERS, FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS, FERTILIZERS, FODDER, FOOD INSECURITY, FOOD SECURITY, FOREST MANAGEMENT, FORESTRY SECTOR, GENDER, HOUSEHOLD COMPOSITION, HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY, HOUSEHOLD HEAD, HOUSEHOLD HEADS, HOUSEHOLD INCOME, HOUSEHOLD PLOTS, HOUSEHOLD SIZE, HOUSEHOLD SURVEY, HOUSEHOLD WELFARE, HOUSING, HUMAN RIGHTS, HUNGER, IDIOSYNCRATIC SHOCKS, INCOMES, INEQUALITY, INFORMATION NETWORKS, INSURANCE, IRRIGATION, LACK OF FINANCE, LACK OF INCENTIVES, LACK OF KNOWLEDGE, LAND DEGRADATION, LAND HOLDINGS, LAND LAW, LAND MANAGEMENT, LAND OWNERSHIP, LAND REFORM, LAND REFORM PROCESSES, LAND REFORMS, LAND RESOURCES, LAND RIGHTS, LAND TENURE, LAND TITLING, LAND-MANAGEMENT, LIVELIHOODS, LIVESTOCK, LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION, LIVING STANDARDS, LOCAL FARMERS, LOW INCOME, MAJORITY OF FARMERS, MEAT, MILK, NATIONAL POVERTY, NATIONAL POVERTY LINE, NATURAL DISASTERS, NGOS, ORGANIC PRODUCTION, ORGANIC PRODUCTION METHODS, PASTURE MANAGEMENT, PESTS, POLITICAL ECONOMY, POOR SOIL QUALITY, POORER HOUSEHOLDS, POVERTY LEVELS, POVERTY RATES, POVERTY REDUCTION, POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY, QUALITATIVE ASSESSMENTS, QUALITATIVE DATA, REDUCED EXPENDITURES, REGIONAL CLIMATE, REGIONAL OFFICE, REGIONAL RISK, RISK MANAGEMENT, RURAL, RURAL AREAS, RURAL COMMUNITIES, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, RURAL FAMILIES, RURAL FAMILY, RURAL HOUSEHOLDS, RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE, RURAL INVESTMENT, RURAL LIVELIHOODS, RURAL PEOPLE, RURAL POOR, RURAL POPULATION, RURAL POVERTY, RURAL PRODUCTION, RURAL SECTOR, RURAL VULNERABILITY, RURAL WOMEN, SAVINGS, SCHOOL ATTENDANCE, SELF-EMPLOYMENT, SMALL FARMERS, SMALL FARMS, SMALLHOLDER FARMERS, SOILS, SUBSISTENCE, SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE, SUSTAINABLE GROWTH, SUSTAINABLE POVERTY REDUCTION, TRANSACTION COSTS, VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS, WAR, WATER AVAILABILITY, WATER FOR IRRIGATION, WATER RESOURCES, WATER SUPPLIES, WATER USE, WATER USERS, WORKING CONDITIONS,
Online Access:http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/05/19764586/tajikistan-autonomous-adaptation-climate-change-economic-opportunities-institutional-constraints-farming-households
http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20038
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collection DSpace
country Estados Unidos
countrycode US
component Bibliográfico
access En linea
databasecode dig-okr
tag biblioteca
region America del Norte
libraryname Biblioteca del Banco Mundial
language English
en_US
topic ACCESS TO INFORMATION
ACCESS TO IRRIGATION
ACCESS TO JUSTICE
AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES
AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION
AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICES
AGRICULTURAL INPUTS
AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT
AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCT
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS
AGRICULTURAL SECTOR
AGRICULTURE
ARABLE LAND
CLIMATE CHANGE
COLLECTIVE FARMS
COLLECTIVE LAND
COMMON PROPERTY
COMMUNITY LAND
COOPERATIVE FARMS
COPING STRATEGY
CREDIT MARKETS
CROP DIVERSITY
CROP ROTATION
CROP YIELDS
CROPS
DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN
DISEASES
DRAINAGE
DRIP IRRIGATION
DROUGHT
DRY SEASON
ECOLOGICAL ZONES
ECONOMIC DIVERSIFICATION
ECONOMIC GROWTH
ECONOMICS
EGALITARIAN AGRARIAN STRUCTURE
ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY
EQUIPMENT
EXTENSION
EXTENSION SERVICES
FAMILY FARMS
FARM DECISIONS
FARM EMPLOYMENT
FARM IRRIGATION
FARM PRACTICES
FARM PROCESSING
FARM PRODUCTION
FARM PRODUCTS
FARM SIZE
FARM WORK
FARM WORKERS
FARMER
FARMERS
FARMLAND
FARMS
FEMALE FARMERS
FEMALE HOUSEHOLD MEMBERS
FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS
FERTILIZERS
FODDER
FOOD INSECURITY
FOOD SECURITY
FOREST MANAGEMENT
FORESTRY SECTOR
GENDER
HOUSEHOLD COMPOSITION
HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY
HOUSEHOLD HEAD
HOUSEHOLD HEADS
HOUSEHOLD INCOME
HOUSEHOLD PLOTS
HOUSEHOLD SIZE
HOUSEHOLD SURVEY
HOUSEHOLD WELFARE
HOUSING
HUMAN RIGHTS
HUNGER
IDIOSYNCRATIC SHOCKS
INCOMES
INEQUALITY
INFORMATION NETWORKS
INSURANCE
IRRIGATION
LACK OF FINANCE
LACK OF INCENTIVES
LACK OF KNOWLEDGE
LAND DEGRADATION
LAND HOLDINGS
LAND LAW
LAND MANAGEMENT
LAND OWNERSHIP
LAND REFORM
LAND REFORM PROCESSES
LAND REFORMS
LAND RESOURCES
LAND RIGHTS
LAND TENURE
LAND TITLING
LAND-MANAGEMENT
LIVELIHOODS
LIVESTOCK
LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION
LIVING STANDARDS
LOCAL FARMERS
LOW INCOME
MAJORITY OF FARMERS
MEAT
MILK
NATIONAL POVERTY
NATIONAL POVERTY LINE
NATURAL DISASTERS
NGOS
ORGANIC PRODUCTION
ORGANIC PRODUCTION METHODS
PASTURE MANAGEMENT
PESTS
POLITICAL ECONOMY
POOR SOIL QUALITY
POORER HOUSEHOLDS
POVERTY LEVELS
POVERTY RATES
POVERTY REDUCTION
POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY
QUALITATIVE ASSESSMENTS
QUALITATIVE DATA
REDUCED EXPENDITURES
REGIONAL CLIMATE
REGIONAL OFFICE
REGIONAL RISK
RISK MANAGEMENT
RURAL
RURAL AREAS
RURAL COMMUNITIES
RURAL DEVELOPMENT
RURAL FAMILIES
RURAL FAMILY
RURAL HOUSEHOLDS
RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE
RURAL INVESTMENT
RURAL LIVELIHOODS
RURAL PEOPLE
RURAL POOR
RURAL POPULATION
RURAL POVERTY
RURAL PRODUCTION
RURAL SECTOR
RURAL VULNERABILITY
RURAL WOMEN
SAVINGS
SCHOOL ATTENDANCE
SELF-EMPLOYMENT
SMALL FARMERS
SMALL FARMS
SMALLHOLDER FARMERS
SOILS
SUBSISTENCE
SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE
SUSTAINABLE GROWTH
SUSTAINABLE POVERTY REDUCTION
TRANSACTION COSTS
VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS
WAR
WATER AVAILABILITY
WATER FOR IRRIGATION
WATER RESOURCES
WATER SUPPLIES
WATER USE
WATER USERS
WORKING CONDITIONS
ACCESS TO INFORMATION
ACCESS TO IRRIGATION
ACCESS TO JUSTICE
AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES
AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION
AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICES
AGRICULTURAL INPUTS
AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT
AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCT
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS
AGRICULTURAL SECTOR
AGRICULTURE
ARABLE LAND
CLIMATE CHANGE
COLLECTIVE FARMS
COLLECTIVE LAND
COMMON PROPERTY
COMMUNITY LAND
COOPERATIVE FARMS
COPING STRATEGY
CREDIT MARKETS
CROP DIVERSITY
CROP ROTATION
CROP YIELDS
CROPS
DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN
DISEASES
DRAINAGE
DRIP IRRIGATION
DROUGHT
DRY SEASON
ECOLOGICAL ZONES
ECONOMIC DIVERSIFICATION
ECONOMIC GROWTH
ECONOMICS
EGALITARIAN AGRARIAN STRUCTURE
ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY
EQUIPMENT
EXTENSION
EXTENSION SERVICES
FAMILY FARMS
FARM DECISIONS
FARM EMPLOYMENT
FARM IRRIGATION
FARM PRACTICES
FARM PROCESSING
FARM PRODUCTION
FARM PRODUCTS
FARM SIZE
FARM WORK
FARM WORKERS
FARMER
FARMERS
FARMLAND
FARMS
FEMALE FARMERS
FEMALE HOUSEHOLD MEMBERS
FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS
FERTILIZERS
FODDER
FOOD INSECURITY
FOOD SECURITY
FOREST MANAGEMENT
FORESTRY SECTOR
GENDER
HOUSEHOLD COMPOSITION
HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY
HOUSEHOLD HEAD
HOUSEHOLD HEADS
HOUSEHOLD INCOME
HOUSEHOLD PLOTS
HOUSEHOLD SIZE
HOUSEHOLD SURVEY
HOUSEHOLD WELFARE
HOUSING
HUMAN RIGHTS
HUNGER
IDIOSYNCRATIC SHOCKS
INCOMES
INEQUALITY
INFORMATION NETWORKS
INSURANCE
IRRIGATION
LACK OF FINANCE
LACK OF INCENTIVES
LACK OF KNOWLEDGE
LAND DEGRADATION
LAND HOLDINGS
LAND LAW
LAND MANAGEMENT
LAND OWNERSHIP
LAND REFORM
LAND REFORM PROCESSES
LAND REFORMS
LAND RESOURCES
LAND RIGHTS
LAND TENURE
LAND TITLING
LAND-MANAGEMENT
LIVELIHOODS
LIVESTOCK
LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION
LIVING STANDARDS
LOCAL FARMERS
LOW INCOME
MAJORITY OF FARMERS
MEAT
MILK
NATIONAL POVERTY
NATIONAL POVERTY LINE
NATURAL DISASTERS
NGOS
ORGANIC PRODUCTION
ORGANIC PRODUCTION METHODS
PASTURE MANAGEMENT
PESTS
POLITICAL ECONOMY
POOR SOIL QUALITY
POORER HOUSEHOLDS
POVERTY LEVELS
POVERTY RATES
POVERTY REDUCTION
POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY
QUALITATIVE ASSESSMENTS
QUALITATIVE DATA
REDUCED EXPENDITURES
REGIONAL CLIMATE
REGIONAL OFFICE
REGIONAL RISK
RISK MANAGEMENT
RURAL
RURAL AREAS
RURAL COMMUNITIES
RURAL DEVELOPMENT
RURAL FAMILIES
RURAL FAMILY
RURAL HOUSEHOLDS
RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE
RURAL INVESTMENT
RURAL LIVELIHOODS
RURAL PEOPLE
RURAL POOR
RURAL POPULATION
RURAL POVERTY
RURAL PRODUCTION
RURAL SECTOR
RURAL VULNERABILITY
RURAL WOMEN
SAVINGS
SCHOOL ATTENDANCE
SELF-EMPLOYMENT
SMALL FARMERS
SMALL FARMS
SMALLHOLDER FARMERS
SOILS
SUBSISTENCE
SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE
SUSTAINABLE GROWTH
SUSTAINABLE POVERTY REDUCTION
TRANSACTION COSTS
VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS
WAR
WATER AVAILABILITY
WATER FOR IRRIGATION
WATER RESOURCES
WATER SUPPLIES
WATER USE
WATER USERS
WORKING CONDITIONS
spellingShingle ACCESS TO INFORMATION
ACCESS TO IRRIGATION
ACCESS TO JUSTICE
AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES
AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION
AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICES
AGRICULTURAL INPUTS
AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT
AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCT
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS
AGRICULTURAL SECTOR
AGRICULTURE
ARABLE LAND
CLIMATE CHANGE
COLLECTIVE FARMS
COLLECTIVE LAND
COMMON PROPERTY
COMMUNITY LAND
COOPERATIVE FARMS
COPING STRATEGY
CREDIT MARKETS
CROP DIVERSITY
CROP ROTATION
CROP YIELDS
CROPS
DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN
DISEASES
DRAINAGE
DRIP IRRIGATION
DROUGHT
DRY SEASON
ECOLOGICAL ZONES
ECONOMIC DIVERSIFICATION
ECONOMIC GROWTH
ECONOMICS
EGALITARIAN AGRARIAN STRUCTURE
ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY
EQUIPMENT
EXTENSION
EXTENSION SERVICES
FAMILY FARMS
FARM DECISIONS
FARM EMPLOYMENT
FARM IRRIGATION
FARM PRACTICES
FARM PROCESSING
FARM PRODUCTION
FARM PRODUCTS
FARM SIZE
FARM WORK
FARM WORKERS
FARMER
FARMERS
FARMLAND
FARMS
FEMALE FARMERS
FEMALE HOUSEHOLD MEMBERS
FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS
FERTILIZERS
FODDER
FOOD INSECURITY
FOOD SECURITY
FOREST MANAGEMENT
FORESTRY SECTOR
GENDER
HOUSEHOLD COMPOSITION
HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY
HOUSEHOLD HEAD
HOUSEHOLD HEADS
HOUSEHOLD INCOME
HOUSEHOLD PLOTS
HOUSEHOLD SIZE
HOUSEHOLD SURVEY
HOUSEHOLD WELFARE
HOUSING
HUMAN RIGHTS
HUNGER
IDIOSYNCRATIC SHOCKS
INCOMES
INEQUALITY
INFORMATION NETWORKS
INSURANCE
IRRIGATION
LACK OF FINANCE
LACK OF INCENTIVES
LACK OF KNOWLEDGE
LAND DEGRADATION
LAND HOLDINGS
LAND LAW
LAND MANAGEMENT
LAND OWNERSHIP
LAND REFORM
LAND REFORM PROCESSES
LAND REFORMS
LAND RESOURCES
LAND RIGHTS
LAND TENURE
LAND TITLING
LAND-MANAGEMENT
LIVELIHOODS
LIVESTOCK
LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION
LIVING STANDARDS
LOCAL FARMERS
LOW INCOME
MAJORITY OF FARMERS
MEAT
MILK
NATIONAL POVERTY
NATIONAL POVERTY LINE
NATURAL DISASTERS
NGOS
ORGANIC PRODUCTION
ORGANIC PRODUCTION METHODS
PASTURE MANAGEMENT
PESTS
POLITICAL ECONOMY
POOR SOIL QUALITY
POORER HOUSEHOLDS
POVERTY LEVELS
POVERTY RATES
POVERTY REDUCTION
POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY
QUALITATIVE ASSESSMENTS
QUALITATIVE DATA
REDUCED EXPENDITURES
REGIONAL CLIMATE
REGIONAL OFFICE
REGIONAL RISK
RISK MANAGEMENT
RURAL
RURAL AREAS
RURAL COMMUNITIES
RURAL DEVELOPMENT
RURAL FAMILIES
RURAL FAMILY
RURAL HOUSEHOLDS
RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE
RURAL INVESTMENT
RURAL LIVELIHOODS
RURAL PEOPLE
RURAL POOR
RURAL POPULATION
RURAL POVERTY
RURAL PRODUCTION
RURAL SECTOR
RURAL VULNERABILITY
RURAL WOMEN
SAVINGS
SCHOOL ATTENDANCE
SELF-EMPLOYMENT
SMALL FARMERS
SMALL FARMS
SMALLHOLDER FARMERS
SOILS
SUBSISTENCE
SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE
SUSTAINABLE GROWTH
SUSTAINABLE POVERTY REDUCTION
TRANSACTION COSTS
VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS
WAR
WATER AVAILABILITY
WATER FOR IRRIGATION
WATER RESOURCES
WATER SUPPLIES
WATER USE
WATER USERS
WORKING CONDITIONS
ACCESS TO INFORMATION
ACCESS TO IRRIGATION
ACCESS TO JUSTICE
AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES
AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION
AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICES
AGRICULTURAL INPUTS
AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT
AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCT
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS
AGRICULTURAL SECTOR
AGRICULTURE
ARABLE LAND
CLIMATE CHANGE
COLLECTIVE FARMS
COLLECTIVE LAND
COMMON PROPERTY
COMMUNITY LAND
COOPERATIVE FARMS
COPING STRATEGY
CREDIT MARKETS
CROP DIVERSITY
CROP ROTATION
CROP YIELDS
CROPS
DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN
DISEASES
DRAINAGE
DRIP IRRIGATION
DROUGHT
DRY SEASON
ECOLOGICAL ZONES
ECONOMIC DIVERSIFICATION
ECONOMIC GROWTH
ECONOMICS
EGALITARIAN AGRARIAN STRUCTURE
ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY
EQUIPMENT
EXTENSION
EXTENSION SERVICES
FAMILY FARMS
FARM DECISIONS
FARM EMPLOYMENT
FARM IRRIGATION
FARM PRACTICES
FARM PROCESSING
FARM PRODUCTION
FARM PRODUCTS
FARM SIZE
FARM WORK
FARM WORKERS
FARMER
FARMERS
FARMLAND
FARMS
FEMALE FARMERS
FEMALE HOUSEHOLD MEMBERS
FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS
FERTILIZERS
FODDER
FOOD INSECURITY
FOOD SECURITY
FOREST MANAGEMENT
FORESTRY SECTOR
GENDER
HOUSEHOLD COMPOSITION
HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY
HOUSEHOLD HEAD
HOUSEHOLD HEADS
HOUSEHOLD INCOME
HOUSEHOLD PLOTS
HOUSEHOLD SIZE
HOUSEHOLD SURVEY
HOUSEHOLD WELFARE
HOUSING
HUMAN RIGHTS
HUNGER
IDIOSYNCRATIC SHOCKS
INCOMES
INEQUALITY
INFORMATION NETWORKS
INSURANCE
IRRIGATION
LACK OF FINANCE
LACK OF INCENTIVES
LACK OF KNOWLEDGE
LAND DEGRADATION
LAND HOLDINGS
LAND LAW
LAND MANAGEMENT
LAND OWNERSHIP
LAND REFORM
LAND REFORM PROCESSES
LAND REFORMS
LAND RESOURCES
LAND RIGHTS
LAND TENURE
LAND TITLING
LAND-MANAGEMENT
LIVELIHOODS
LIVESTOCK
LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION
LIVING STANDARDS
LOCAL FARMERS
LOW INCOME
MAJORITY OF FARMERS
MEAT
MILK
NATIONAL POVERTY
NATIONAL POVERTY LINE
NATURAL DISASTERS
NGOS
ORGANIC PRODUCTION
ORGANIC PRODUCTION METHODS
PASTURE MANAGEMENT
PESTS
POLITICAL ECONOMY
POOR SOIL QUALITY
POORER HOUSEHOLDS
POVERTY LEVELS
POVERTY RATES
POVERTY REDUCTION
POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY
QUALITATIVE ASSESSMENTS
QUALITATIVE DATA
REDUCED EXPENDITURES
REGIONAL CLIMATE
REGIONAL OFFICE
REGIONAL RISK
RISK MANAGEMENT
RURAL
RURAL AREAS
RURAL COMMUNITIES
RURAL DEVELOPMENT
RURAL FAMILIES
RURAL FAMILY
RURAL HOUSEHOLDS
RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE
RURAL INVESTMENT
RURAL LIVELIHOODS
RURAL PEOPLE
RURAL POOR
RURAL POPULATION
RURAL POVERTY
RURAL PRODUCTION
RURAL SECTOR
RURAL VULNERABILITY
RURAL WOMEN
SAVINGS
SCHOOL ATTENDANCE
SELF-EMPLOYMENT
SMALL FARMERS
SMALL FARMS
SMALLHOLDER FARMERS
SOILS
SUBSISTENCE
SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE
SUSTAINABLE GROWTH
SUSTAINABLE POVERTY REDUCTION
TRANSACTION COSTS
VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS
WAR
WATER AVAILABILITY
WATER FOR IRRIGATION
WATER RESOURCES
WATER SUPPLIES
WATER USE
WATER USERS
WORKING CONDITIONS
World Bank
Tajikistan - Autonomous Adaptation to Climate Change : Economic Opportunities and Institutional Constraints for Farming Households
description Climate change presents significant threats to sustainable poverty reduction in Tajikistan. The primary impacts on rural livelihoods are expected to stem from reduced water quantity and quality (affecting agriculture), and increased frequency and severity of disasters. Options for farming households to autonomously adapt (and thereby move from climate vulnerability to resilience) include adoption of on-farm and off-farm measures. Farmland restructuring and the promotion of innovative rural production and land management measures have the potential to incentivize productivity and sustainable practices and reduce vulnerability, but achieving these objectives will rest on the behavioral responses of beneficiaries. In this context, assessing existing practices, as well as understanding institutional constraints to adaptation is crucial to improving economic opportunities for Tajik households and reducing vulnerability through well-designed interventions. This note examines the role of institutional factors (land tenure, legal security, and gender agency) in autonomous adaptation and improved resilience of rural communities through strategies for coping with climate-related shocks, sustainable land management practices, and income diversification. The note analyzes the extent to which differences in land rights are associated with differences in adaptation strategies and outcomes. The study focuses on two of Tajikistan s four main administrative divisions: Khatlon and Sughd districts. This note relies on a survey of farming households and a qualitative study that were undertaken specifically for this analysis. The note is structured as follows: section one give introduction. Section two describes land tenure arrangements, gender-related constraints, and sustainable land management practices in Tajikistan. Section three discusses the shocks experienced by households and the coping strategies used (including on-farm and off-farm strategies). Section four analyzes the determinants of knowledge and adoption of sustainable land management practices and on-farm investment. Section five concludes with policy recommendations to enable effective climate change adaptation by farming households.
format Economic & Sector Work :: Other Environmental Study
topic_facet ACCESS TO INFORMATION
ACCESS TO IRRIGATION
ACCESS TO JUSTICE
AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES
AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION
AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICES
AGRICULTURAL INPUTS
AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT
AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCT
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS
AGRICULTURAL SECTOR
AGRICULTURE
ARABLE LAND
CLIMATE CHANGE
COLLECTIVE FARMS
COLLECTIVE LAND
COMMON PROPERTY
COMMUNITY LAND
COOPERATIVE FARMS
COPING STRATEGY
CREDIT MARKETS
CROP DIVERSITY
CROP ROTATION
CROP YIELDS
CROPS
DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN
DISEASES
DRAINAGE
DRIP IRRIGATION
DROUGHT
DRY SEASON
ECOLOGICAL ZONES
ECONOMIC DIVERSIFICATION
ECONOMIC GROWTH
ECONOMICS
EGALITARIAN AGRARIAN STRUCTURE
ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY
EQUIPMENT
EXTENSION
EXTENSION SERVICES
FAMILY FARMS
FARM DECISIONS
FARM EMPLOYMENT
FARM IRRIGATION
FARM PRACTICES
FARM PROCESSING
FARM PRODUCTION
FARM PRODUCTS
FARM SIZE
FARM WORK
FARM WORKERS
FARMER
FARMERS
FARMLAND
FARMS
FEMALE FARMERS
FEMALE HOUSEHOLD MEMBERS
FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS
FERTILIZERS
FODDER
FOOD INSECURITY
FOOD SECURITY
FOREST MANAGEMENT
FORESTRY SECTOR
GENDER
HOUSEHOLD COMPOSITION
HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY
HOUSEHOLD HEAD
HOUSEHOLD HEADS
HOUSEHOLD INCOME
HOUSEHOLD PLOTS
HOUSEHOLD SIZE
HOUSEHOLD SURVEY
HOUSEHOLD WELFARE
HOUSING
HUMAN RIGHTS
HUNGER
IDIOSYNCRATIC SHOCKS
INCOMES
INEQUALITY
INFORMATION NETWORKS
INSURANCE
IRRIGATION
LACK OF FINANCE
LACK OF INCENTIVES
LACK OF KNOWLEDGE
LAND DEGRADATION
LAND HOLDINGS
LAND LAW
LAND MANAGEMENT
LAND OWNERSHIP
LAND REFORM
LAND REFORM PROCESSES
LAND REFORMS
LAND RESOURCES
LAND RIGHTS
LAND TENURE
LAND TITLING
LAND-MANAGEMENT
LIVELIHOODS
LIVESTOCK
LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION
LIVING STANDARDS
LOCAL FARMERS
LOW INCOME
MAJORITY OF FARMERS
MEAT
MILK
NATIONAL POVERTY
NATIONAL POVERTY LINE
NATURAL DISASTERS
NGOS
ORGANIC PRODUCTION
ORGANIC PRODUCTION METHODS
PASTURE MANAGEMENT
PESTS
POLITICAL ECONOMY
POOR SOIL QUALITY
POORER HOUSEHOLDS
POVERTY LEVELS
POVERTY RATES
POVERTY REDUCTION
POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY
QUALITATIVE ASSESSMENTS
QUALITATIVE DATA
REDUCED EXPENDITURES
REGIONAL CLIMATE
REGIONAL OFFICE
REGIONAL RISK
RISK MANAGEMENT
RURAL
RURAL AREAS
RURAL COMMUNITIES
RURAL DEVELOPMENT
RURAL FAMILIES
RURAL FAMILY
RURAL HOUSEHOLDS
RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE
RURAL INVESTMENT
RURAL LIVELIHOODS
RURAL PEOPLE
RURAL POOR
RURAL POPULATION
RURAL POVERTY
RURAL PRODUCTION
RURAL SECTOR
RURAL VULNERABILITY
RURAL WOMEN
SAVINGS
SCHOOL ATTENDANCE
SELF-EMPLOYMENT
SMALL FARMERS
SMALL FARMS
SMALLHOLDER FARMERS
SOILS
SUBSISTENCE
SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE
SUSTAINABLE GROWTH
SUSTAINABLE POVERTY REDUCTION
TRANSACTION COSTS
VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS
WAR
WATER AVAILABILITY
WATER FOR IRRIGATION
WATER RESOURCES
WATER SUPPLIES
WATER USE
WATER USERS
WORKING CONDITIONS
author World Bank
author_facet World Bank
author_sort World Bank
title Tajikistan - Autonomous Adaptation to Climate Change : Economic Opportunities and Institutional Constraints for Farming Households
title_short Tajikistan - Autonomous Adaptation to Climate Change : Economic Opportunities and Institutional Constraints for Farming Households
title_full Tajikistan - Autonomous Adaptation to Climate Change : Economic Opportunities and Institutional Constraints for Farming Households
title_fullStr Tajikistan - Autonomous Adaptation to Climate Change : Economic Opportunities and Institutional Constraints for Farming Households
title_full_unstemmed Tajikistan - Autonomous Adaptation to Climate Change : Economic Opportunities and Institutional Constraints for Farming Households
title_sort tajikistan - autonomous adaptation to climate change : economic opportunities and institutional constraints for farming households
publisher Washington, DC
publishDate 2014-05
url http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/05/19764586/tajikistan-autonomous-adaptation-climate-change-economic-opportunities-institutional-constraints-farming-households
http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20038
work_keys_str_mv AT worldbank tajikistanautonomousadaptationtoclimatechangeeconomicopportunitiesandinstitutionalconstraintsforfarminghouseholds
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spelling dig-okr-10986200382021-04-23T14:03:52Z Tajikistan - Autonomous Adaptation to Climate Change : Economic Opportunities and Institutional Constraints for Farming Households World Bank ACCESS TO INFORMATION ACCESS TO IRRIGATION ACCESS TO JUSTICE AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICES AGRICULTURAL INPUTS AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCT AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURAL SECTOR AGRICULTURE ARABLE LAND CLIMATE CHANGE COLLECTIVE FARMS COLLECTIVE LAND COMMON PROPERTY COMMUNITY LAND COOPERATIVE FARMS COPING STRATEGY CREDIT MARKETS CROP DIVERSITY CROP ROTATION CROP YIELDS CROPS DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN DISEASES DRAINAGE DRIP IRRIGATION DROUGHT DRY SEASON ECOLOGICAL ZONES ECONOMIC DIVERSIFICATION ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMICS EGALITARIAN AGRARIAN STRUCTURE ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY EQUIPMENT EXTENSION EXTENSION SERVICES FAMILY FARMS FARM DECISIONS FARM EMPLOYMENT FARM IRRIGATION FARM PRACTICES FARM PROCESSING FARM PRODUCTION FARM PRODUCTS FARM SIZE FARM WORK FARM WORKERS FARMER FARMERS FARMLAND FARMS FEMALE FARMERS FEMALE HOUSEHOLD MEMBERS FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS FERTILIZERS FODDER FOOD INSECURITY FOOD SECURITY FOREST MANAGEMENT FORESTRY SECTOR GENDER HOUSEHOLD COMPOSITION HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY HOUSEHOLD HEAD HOUSEHOLD HEADS HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD PLOTS HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD WELFARE HOUSING HUMAN RIGHTS HUNGER IDIOSYNCRATIC SHOCKS INCOMES INEQUALITY INFORMATION NETWORKS INSURANCE IRRIGATION LACK OF FINANCE LACK OF INCENTIVES LACK OF KNOWLEDGE LAND DEGRADATION LAND HOLDINGS LAND LAW LAND MANAGEMENT LAND OWNERSHIP LAND REFORM LAND REFORM PROCESSES LAND REFORMS LAND RESOURCES LAND RIGHTS LAND TENURE LAND TITLING LAND-MANAGEMENT LIVELIHOODS LIVESTOCK LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION LIVING STANDARDS LOCAL FARMERS LOW INCOME MAJORITY OF FARMERS MEAT MILK NATIONAL POVERTY NATIONAL POVERTY LINE NATURAL DISASTERS NGOS ORGANIC PRODUCTION ORGANIC PRODUCTION METHODS PASTURE MANAGEMENT PESTS POLITICAL ECONOMY POOR SOIL QUALITY POORER HOUSEHOLDS POVERTY LEVELS POVERTY RATES POVERTY REDUCTION POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY QUALITATIVE ASSESSMENTS QUALITATIVE DATA REDUCED EXPENDITURES REGIONAL CLIMATE REGIONAL OFFICE REGIONAL RISK RISK MANAGEMENT RURAL RURAL AREAS RURAL COMMUNITIES RURAL DEVELOPMENT RURAL FAMILIES RURAL FAMILY RURAL HOUSEHOLDS RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE RURAL INVESTMENT RURAL LIVELIHOODS RURAL PEOPLE RURAL POOR RURAL POPULATION RURAL POVERTY RURAL PRODUCTION RURAL SECTOR RURAL VULNERABILITY RURAL WOMEN SAVINGS SCHOOL ATTENDANCE SELF-EMPLOYMENT SMALL FARMERS SMALL FARMS SMALLHOLDER FARMERS SOILS SUBSISTENCE SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE SUSTAINABLE GROWTH SUSTAINABLE POVERTY REDUCTION TRANSACTION COSTS VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS WAR WATER AVAILABILITY WATER FOR IRRIGATION WATER RESOURCES WATER SUPPLIES WATER USE WATER USERS WORKING CONDITIONS Climate change presents significant threats to sustainable poverty reduction in Tajikistan. The primary impacts on rural livelihoods are expected to stem from reduced water quantity and quality (affecting agriculture), and increased frequency and severity of disasters. Options for farming households to autonomously adapt (and thereby move from climate vulnerability to resilience) include adoption of on-farm and off-farm measures. Farmland restructuring and the promotion of innovative rural production and land management measures have the potential to incentivize productivity and sustainable practices and reduce vulnerability, but achieving these objectives will rest on the behavioral responses of beneficiaries. In this context, assessing existing practices, as well as understanding institutional constraints to adaptation is crucial to improving economic opportunities for Tajik households and reducing vulnerability through well-designed interventions. This note examines the role of institutional factors (land tenure, legal security, and gender agency) in autonomous adaptation and improved resilience of rural communities through strategies for coping with climate-related shocks, sustainable land management practices, and income diversification. The note analyzes the extent to which differences in land rights are associated with differences in adaptation strategies and outcomes. The study focuses on two of Tajikistan s four main administrative divisions: Khatlon and Sughd districts. This note relies on a survey of farming households and a qualitative study that were undertaken specifically for this analysis. The note is structured as follows: section one give introduction. Section two describes land tenure arrangements, gender-related constraints, and sustainable land management practices in Tajikistan. Section three discusses the shocks experienced by households and the coping strategies used (including on-farm and off-farm strategies). Section four analyzes the determinants of knowledge and adoption of sustainable land management practices and on-farm investment. Section five concludes with policy recommendations to enable effective climate change adaptation by farming households. 2014-09-10T20:30:39Z 2014-09-10T20:30:39Z 2014-05 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/05/19764586/tajikistan-autonomous-adaptation-climate-change-economic-opportunities-institutional-constraints-farming-households http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20038 English en_US CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ Washington, DC Economic & Sector Work :: Other Environmental Study Europe and Central Asia Tajikistan