Tanzania Poverty, Growth, and Public Transfers : Options for a National Productive Safety Net Program

Tanzania has made significant economic progress in the recent past, with per capita national income almost doubling from United States (U.S.) 230 dollars equivalent in the late-1990s to U.S. 440 dollars. This report explores the role safety nets and transfers can play in reducing poverty more rapidly in Tanzania. It presents the potential need and costs, to inform a debate of options. The report reviews existing programs, and provides recommendations for an action plan to strengthen the current system and develop a more unified national program, one which will have a greater impact on poverty levels at reasonable cost, in line with the Government's poverty reduction strategy, known by the Swahili acronym MKUKUTA. The report looks at transfers to the poor, including public works employment, subsidies, food distribution programs, cash and in-kind transfers, and vouchers. This paper is organized in following chapters: chapter one gives introduction; attempts to lay out what the options might be, within an analytical assessment of the nature of poverty and shocks faced by the poor in Tanzania is given in chapter two; chapter three examines the effectiveness of existing transfer programs; at a strategic level it then evaluates the capacity of the state to spend on transfers, and how safety net programs can fit into the wider national development agenda is given in chapter four. The paper concludes by discussing some of the institutional and administrative concerns that effect program design in chapter five; and outlines for a series of immediate steps to improve the effectiveness of existing programs; as well as a medium-term strategy for moving towards a more unified national program is discussed in chapter six.

Bibliographic Details

Main Author:	World Bank
Language:	English en_US
Published:	Washington, DC 2011-09-21
Subjects:	ACCESS TO SERVICES, AGRARIAN ECONOMY, AGRICULTURAL INPUTS, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY, ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS, AVAILABILITY OF FOOD, AVERAGE HOUSEHOLD INCOME, BASIC FOOD REQUIREMENTS, BASIC FOODSTUFFS, BENEFICIARIES, BENEFICIARY, CALORIC CONSUMPTION, CAPACITY-BUILDING, CASH CROPS, CASH INCOME, CASH PAYMENTS, CASH TRANSFER, CASH TRANSFER PROGRAM, CASH TRANSFER PROGRAMS, CASH TRANSFERS, CASH-TRANSFER, CHRONIC POVERTY, CHRONICALLY POOR, CLINIC ATTENDANCE, COMMUNITY GROUPS, COMMUNITY HEALTH, CONDITIONAL CASH, CONDITIONAL TRANSFERS, CONTRIBUTORY PENSION, COPING STRATEGIES, COST-EFFECTIVENESS, CREDIT PROGRAMS, DECLINE IN POVERTY, DONOR FUNDING, DROUGHT, ECONOMIC GROWTH, EMPLOYMENT PROGRAM, EMPLOYMENT PROGRAMS, EMPLOYMENT SCHEME, EXTREMELY POOR HOUSEHOLDS, EXTREMELY POOR PEOPLE, FARM ACTIVITIES, FARM EMPLOYMENT, FARM EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES, FARM-GATE, FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS, FISCAL CONSTRAINTS, FOOD ASSISTANCE, FOOD BUYERS, FOOD CONSUMPTION, FOOD DISTRIBUTION, FOOD FOR EDUCATION, FOOD GRAINS, FOOD INSECURITY, FOOD INTAKE, FOOD ITEMS, FOOD MARKETS, FOOD POVERTY, FOOD POVERTY LINE, FOOD PRICE, FOOD PRICES, FOOD PRODUCTION, FOOD PROGRAM, FOOD REQUIREMENTS, FOOD SALES, FOOD SECURITY, FOOD SECURITY PROBLEMS, FOOD SHORTAGES, FOOD SUBSIDIES, FOOD SUPPLY, FOOD TRANSFERS, FOOD-FOR-EDUCATION, FOOD-FOR-WORK, HEALTH FACILITIES, HEALTH FUND, HEALTH INSURANCE, HEALTH SERVICES, HIGHER INCIDENCE OF POVERTY, HOME RATIONS, HOUSEHOLD BUDGET, HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION, HOUSEHOLD HEAD, HOUSEHOLD INCOME, HOUSEHOLD SIZE, HOUSING, HUMAN CAPITAL, HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT, HUMAN CAPITAL FORMATION, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, IDIOSYNCRATIC SHOCKS, IMPACT OF SHOCKS, IMPACT ON POVERTY, INCIDENCE ANALYSIS, INCOME, INCOME DISTRIBUTION, INCOME GROWTH, INCOME LOSS, INCOME ON FOOD, INCOME POVERTY, INCOME-GENERATING PROGRAMS, INFORMAL SAFETY NETS, INFORMAL TRANSFERS, INPUT SUBSIDIES, IRRIGATION, LAND QUALITY, LANDHOLDINGS, LANDLESS, LEAN SEASON, LIVING CONDITIONS, MAINTENANCE OF ROADS, MALNUTRITION, MARKET PRICES, MEANS TESTING, MEANS TESTS, MEDICAL CARE, MICRO-CREDIT, MICRONUTRIENT SUPPLEMENTATION, NUTRITION, NUTRITION PROGRAMS, NUTRITIONAL STATUS, OLD AGE, OLD AGE PENSION, OLD AGE PENSIONS, PENSION, PENSIONS, PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION, POLITICAL ECONOMY, POOR, POOR AREAS, POOR FARMERS, POOR HOUSEHOLDS, POOR INFRASTRUCTURE, POOR LIVING, POOR POPULATION, POOR WOMEN, POVERTY ANALYSIS, POVERTY ASSESSMENT, POVERTY DATA, POVERTY GROUPS, POVERTY IMPACT, POVERTY INCIDENCE, POVERTY LEVELS, POVERTY LINE, POVERTY LINES, POVERTY RATES, POVERTY REDUCTION, POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY, POVERTY STATUS, POVERTY TRAPS, PROTECTION POLICY, PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE, PUBLIC INTERVENTION, PUBLIC SAFETY NET, PUBLIC SPENDING, PUBLIC TRANSFER, PUBLIC TRANSFERS, PUBLIC WORKS, PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAMS, PUBLIC-WORKS, PURCHASING POWER, REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION, REMOTE AREAS, ROAD MAINTENANCE, ROUTINE MAINTENANCE, RURAL, RURAL AREAS, RURAL FAMILIES, RURAL HOUSEHOLDS, RURAL PHENOMENON, RURAL POPULATION, RURAL POVERTY, RURAL ROAD, RURAL ROAD MAINTENANCE, SAFETY NET, SAFETY NET PROGRAMS, SAFETY NET SYSTEM, SAFETY NET TRANSFERS, SAFETY NETS, SAVINGS, SCHOOL ATTENDANCE, SCHOOL FEEDING, SCHOOL FEEDING PROGRAMS, SHARE OF BENEFITS, SHEEP, SHOCK, SMALL FARMERS, SOCIAL ACTION, SOCIAL ACTION FUND, SOCIAL PENSION, SOCIAL PROTECTION, SOCIAL SAFETY NET, SOCIAL SAFETY NETS, SOCIAL SECURITY, SOCIAL SECURITY PROGRAMS, SOCIAL TRANSFER, SOCIAL TRANSFERS, SOCIAL WELFARE, SUBSISTENCE, SUBSISTENCE FARMERS, TARGETING, TEMPORARY SUPPORT, TRANSFER PROGRAM, TRANSFER PROGRAMS, TRANSFERS OF FOOD, UNINSURED RISK, UNINSURED RISKS, VILLAGE LEVEL, VOCATIONAL TRAINING, VOUCHERS, VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT, VULNERABLE CHILDREN, VULNERABLE GROUP, VULNERABLE GROUPS, WAGE RATE, WORK PROGRAM, WORK PROGRAMS, WORKS PROGRAM,
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2011/09/18303908/tanzania-poverty-growth-public-transfers-options-national-productive-safety-net-program https://hdl.handle.net/10986/16788
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