Indonesia : Toward Universal Access to Clean Cooking
Indonesia's household cooking fuels have undergone a dramatic shift in recent years, owing primarily to the government's highly successful Kerosene-to- Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Conversion Program; yet the impact in poorer rural areas has been limited. Switching to LPG, electricity, and other modern fuels would be the most effective way to achieve clean cooking solutions, but these fuels are expensive, requiring costly stoves and delivery infrastructure that are beyond reach for most rural households. By contrast, many types of biomass can be freely collected from the local environment or purchased for significantly less than other fuels. Thus, large-scale fuel switching in rural areas is unlikely to occur until rural economies become substantially more developed. This means that an estimated 40 percent of households will continue to rely on traditional biomass energy, especially fuel wood, to meet their daily cooking needs for years to come. This report is structured according to the directional organization of the study. Chapter two presents an overview of household cooking fuels in Indonesia, including policy changes and other factors that influence fuel choices. Chapter three examines an array of stove supply side issues, including market and production capacity, popular stove models, limitations of business models, key features of the supply chain, and attitudes toward new stoves. Chapter four identifies gaps in policies and institutional strengthening that future intervention programs will need to fill and reviews lessons from successful programs promoting clean cooking solutions that can be applied to those focused on clean biomass cooking. Finally, chapter five presents the recommended implementation strategy, including an innovative financing approach, and the next steps in helping Indonesia move toward universal access to clean cooking solutions by 2030.
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koha |
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Banco Mundial |
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Estados Unidos |
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US |
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Bibliográfico |
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En linea |
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dig-okr |
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biblioteca |
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America del Norte |
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Biblioteca del Banco Mundial |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
ACCESS TO MODERN ENERGY AGRICULTURAL RESIDUES AIR POLLUTION AIR POLLUTION RESULTING ALTERNATIVE ENERGY ALTERNATIVE ENERGY PROGRAM ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES ALTERNATIVE FUELS ANIMAL DUNG APPROACH AVAILABILITY AVERAGE PRICE BIOENERGY BIOGAS BIOGAS SYSTEMS BIOMASS BIOMASS ENERGY USE BIOMASS FUELS BIOMASS RESIDUE BIOMASS STOVE BIOMASS STOVES BIOMASS USE BURNING STOVE CEMENT CERTAIN EXTENT CHARCOAL CLEAN FUELS COMBUSTION COMMERCIAL MARKET CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK COOKING COOKING FUELS DAILY COOKING DISTRIBUTION NETWORK DIVERSIFIED ENERGY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT EFFICIENT STOVES EFFICIENT USE OF BIOMASS EFFICIENT USE OF BIOMASS FUEL ELECTRICITY EMISSIONS EMISSIONS REDUCTION EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE END-USER ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CONSUMPTION ENERGY DEMAND ENERGY INDUSTRY ENERGY SERVICES ENERGY SOURCE ENERGY SOURCES ENERGY USE ENERGY UTILIZATION ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS FEEDSTOCK FUEL FUEL COST FUEL EFFICIENCY FUEL MIX FUEL PRICES FUEL SOURCES FUEL SUPPLY FUEL SWITCHING FUEL TYPE FUEL USE FUELS FUELWOOD GENERATION HEAT HEATING HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES HOUSEHOLD ENERGY HOUSEHOLD ENVIRONMENT HOUSEHOLD FUEL HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD SECTOR INVENTORY KEROSENE KEROSENE SUBSIDIES KEROSENE USE LABOR COSTS LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS LPG MARKET DEVELOPMENT MARKET POTENTIAL MARKET RESEARCH MARKET SUPPLY MARKETING MINERAL RESOURCES MODERN FUELS NATURAL GAS OIL PETROLEUM PETROLEUM GAS POLLUTANTS POLLUTION PRICE CAP PRICE FLUCTUATIONS PRICE MARGIN PRICE MARGINS PRICE SUBSIDY PRIMARY ENERGY PRIMARY ENERGY SOURCE PRODUCERS PRODUCTION COSTS PRODUCTION PATTERNS PRODUCTION PROCESSES PURCHASING RENEWABLE ENERGY RENEWABLE RESOURCE RETAIL RETAIL DISTRIBUTION NETWORK RETAIL PRICE RETAIL PRICES RETAILING RURAL AREAS RURAL ENERGY RURAL HOUSEHOLDS SALE SALES SMOKE SOLID FUEL SOLID FUELS SUBSTITUTE SUBSTITUTE FUEL SUBSTITUTION SUPPLIER SUPPLIERS SUPPLY CHAIN SUPPLY CHAINS SUSTAINABLE ENERGY SUSTAINABLE MARKET TARGET MARKET TRADITIONAL BIOMASS TRADITIONAL STOVE TURNOVER URBAN HOUSEHOLDS USE OF BIOMASS ENERGY VEHICLES WHOLESALER WHOLESALERS WINDS WOOD WOOD STOVES ACCESS TO MODERN ENERGY AGRICULTURAL RESIDUES AIR POLLUTION AIR POLLUTION RESULTING ALTERNATIVE ENERGY ALTERNATIVE ENERGY PROGRAM ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES ALTERNATIVE FUELS ANIMAL DUNG APPROACH AVAILABILITY AVERAGE PRICE BIOENERGY BIOGAS BIOGAS SYSTEMS BIOMASS BIOMASS ENERGY USE BIOMASS FUELS BIOMASS RESIDUE BIOMASS STOVE BIOMASS STOVES BIOMASS USE BURNING STOVE CEMENT CERTAIN EXTENT CHARCOAL CLEAN FUELS COMBUSTION COMMERCIAL MARKET CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK COOKING COOKING FUELS DAILY COOKING DISTRIBUTION NETWORK DIVERSIFIED ENERGY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT EFFICIENT STOVES EFFICIENT USE OF BIOMASS EFFICIENT USE OF BIOMASS FUEL ELECTRICITY EMISSIONS EMISSIONS REDUCTION EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE END-USER ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CONSUMPTION ENERGY DEMAND ENERGY INDUSTRY ENERGY SERVICES ENERGY SOURCE ENERGY SOURCES ENERGY USE ENERGY UTILIZATION ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS FEEDSTOCK FUEL FUEL COST FUEL EFFICIENCY FUEL MIX FUEL PRICES FUEL SOURCES FUEL SUPPLY FUEL SWITCHING FUEL TYPE FUEL USE FUELS FUELWOOD GENERATION HEAT HEATING HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES HOUSEHOLD ENERGY HOUSEHOLD ENVIRONMENT HOUSEHOLD FUEL HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD SECTOR INVENTORY KEROSENE KEROSENE SUBSIDIES KEROSENE USE LABOR COSTS LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS LPG MARKET DEVELOPMENT MARKET POTENTIAL MARKET RESEARCH MARKET SUPPLY MARKETING MINERAL RESOURCES MODERN FUELS NATURAL GAS OIL PETROLEUM PETROLEUM GAS POLLUTANTS POLLUTION PRICE CAP PRICE FLUCTUATIONS PRICE MARGIN PRICE MARGINS PRICE SUBSIDY PRIMARY ENERGY PRIMARY ENERGY SOURCE PRODUCERS PRODUCTION COSTS PRODUCTION PATTERNS PRODUCTION PROCESSES PURCHASING RENEWABLE ENERGY RENEWABLE RESOURCE RETAIL RETAIL DISTRIBUTION NETWORK RETAIL PRICE RETAIL PRICES RETAILING RURAL AREAS RURAL ENERGY RURAL HOUSEHOLDS SALE SALES SMOKE SOLID FUEL SOLID FUELS SUBSTITUTE SUBSTITUTE FUEL SUBSTITUTION SUPPLIER SUPPLIERS SUPPLY CHAIN SUPPLY CHAINS SUSTAINABLE ENERGY SUSTAINABLE MARKET TARGET MARKET TRADITIONAL BIOMASS TRADITIONAL STOVE TURNOVER URBAN HOUSEHOLDS USE OF BIOMASS ENERGY VEHICLES WHOLESALER WHOLESALERS WINDS WOOD WOOD STOVES |
| spellingShingle |
ACCESS TO MODERN ENERGY AGRICULTURAL RESIDUES AIR POLLUTION AIR POLLUTION RESULTING ALTERNATIVE ENERGY ALTERNATIVE ENERGY PROGRAM ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES ALTERNATIVE FUELS ANIMAL DUNG APPROACH AVAILABILITY AVERAGE PRICE BIOENERGY BIOGAS BIOGAS SYSTEMS BIOMASS BIOMASS ENERGY USE BIOMASS FUELS BIOMASS RESIDUE BIOMASS STOVE BIOMASS STOVES BIOMASS USE BURNING STOVE CEMENT CERTAIN EXTENT CHARCOAL CLEAN FUELS COMBUSTION COMMERCIAL MARKET CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK COOKING COOKING FUELS DAILY COOKING DISTRIBUTION NETWORK DIVERSIFIED ENERGY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT EFFICIENT STOVES EFFICIENT USE OF BIOMASS EFFICIENT USE OF BIOMASS FUEL ELECTRICITY EMISSIONS EMISSIONS REDUCTION EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE END-USER ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CONSUMPTION ENERGY DEMAND ENERGY INDUSTRY ENERGY SERVICES ENERGY SOURCE ENERGY SOURCES ENERGY USE ENERGY UTILIZATION ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS FEEDSTOCK FUEL FUEL COST FUEL EFFICIENCY FUEL MIX FUEL PRICES FUEL SOURCES FUEL SUPPLY FUEL SWITCHING FUEL TYPE FUEL USE FUELS FUELWOOD GENERATION HEAT HEATING HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES HOUSEHOLD ENERGY HOUSEHOLD ENVIRONMENT HOUSEHOLD FUEL HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD SECTOR INVENTORY KEROSENE KEROSENE SUBSIDIES KEROSENE USE LABOR COSTS LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS LPG MARKET DEVELOPMENT MARKET POTENTIAL MARKET RESEARCH MARKET SUPPLY MARKETING MINERAL RESOURCES MODERN FUELS NATURAL GAS OIL PETROLEUM PETROLEUM GAS POLLUTANTS POLLUTION PRICE CAP PRICE FLUCTUATIONS PRICE MARGIN PRICE MARGINS PRICE SUBSIDY PRIMARY ENERGY PRIMARY ENERGY SOURCE PRODUCERS PRODUCTION COSTS PRODUCTION PATTERNS PRODUCTION PROCESSES PURCHASING RENEWABLE ENERGY RENEWABLE RESOURCE RETAIL RETAIL DISTRIBUTION NETWORK RETAIL PRICE RETAIL PRICES RETAILING RURAL AREAS RURAL ENERGY RURAL HOUSEHOLDS SALE SALES SMOKE SOLID FUEL SOLID FUELS SUBSTITUTE SUBSTITUTE FUEL SUBSTITUTION SUPPLIER SUPPLIERS SUPPLY CHAIN SUPPLY CHAINS SUSTAINABLE ENERGY SUSTAINABLE MARKET TARGET MARKET TRADITIONAL BIOMASS TRADITIONAL STOVE TURNOVER URBAN HOUSEHOLDS USE OF BIOMASS ENERGY VEHICLES WHOLESALER WHOLESALERS WINDS WOOD WOOD STOVES ACCESS TO MODERN ENERGY AGRICULTURAL RESIDUES AIR POLLUTION AIR POLLUTION RESULTING ALTERNATIVE ENERGY ALTERNATIVE ENERGY PROGRAM ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES ALTERNATIVE FUELS ANIMAL DUNG APPROACH AVAILABILITY AVERAGE PRICE BIOENERGY BIOGAS BIOGAS SYSTEMS BIOMASS BIOMASS ENERGY USE BIOMASS FUELS BIOMASS RESIDUE BIOMASS STOVE BIOMASS STOVES BIOMASS USE BURNING STOVE CEMENT CERTAIN EXTENT CHARCOAL CLEAN FUELS COMBUSTION COMMERCIAL MARKET CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK COOKING COOKING FUELS DAILY COOKING DISTRIBUTION NETWORK DIVERSIFIED ENERGY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT EFFICIENT STOVES EFFICIENT USE OF BIOMASS EFFICIENT USE OF BIOMASS FUEL ELECTRICITY EMISSIONS EMISSIONS REDUCTION EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE END-USER ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CONSUMPTION ENERGY DEMAND ENERGY INDUSTRY ENERGY SERVICES ENERGY SOURCE ENERGY SOURCES ENERGY USE ENERGY UTILIZATION ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS FEEDSTOCK FUEL FUEL COST FUEL EFFICIENCY FUEL MIX FUEL PRICES FUEL SOURCES FUEL SUPPLY FUEL SWITCHING FUEL TYPE FUEL USE FUELS FUELWOOD GENERATION HEAT HEATING HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES HOUSEHOLD ENERGY HOUSEHOLD ENVIRONMENT HOUSEHOLD FUEL HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD SECTOR INVENTORY KEROSENE KEROSENE SUBSIDIES KEROSENE USE LABOR COSTS LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS LPG MARKET DEVELOPMENT MARKET POTENTIAL MARKET RESEARCH MARKET SUPPLY MARKETING MINERAL RESOURCES MODERN FUELS NATURAL GAS OIL PETROLEUM PETROLEUM GAS POLLUTANTS POLLUTION PRICE CAP PRICE FLUCTUATIONS PRICE MARGIN PRICE MARGINS PRICE SUBSIDY PRIMARY ENERGY PRIMARY ENERGY SOURCE PRODUCERS PRODUCTION COSTS PRODUCTION PATTERNS PRODUCTION PROCESSES PURCHASING RENEWABLE ENERGY RENEWABLE RESOURCE RETAIL RETAIL DISTRIBUTION NETWORK RETAIL PRICE RETAIL PRICES RETAILING RURAL AREAS RURAL ENERGY RURAL HOUSEHOLDS SALE SALES SMOKE SOLID FUEL SOLID FUELS SUBSTITUTE SUBSTITUTE FUEL SUBSTITUTION SUPPLIER SUPPLIERS SUPPLY CHAIN SUPPLY CHAINS SUSTAINABLE ENERGY SUSTAINABLE MARKET TARGET MARKET TRADITIONAL BIOMASS TRADITIONAL STOVE TURNOVER URBAN HOUSEHOLDS USE OF BIOMASS ENERGY VEHICLES WHOLESALER WHOLESALERS WINDS WOOD WOOD STOVES World Bank Indonesia : Toward Universal Access to Clean Cooking |
| description |
Indonesia's household cooking fuels
have undergone a dramatic shift in recent years, owing
primarily to the government's highly successful
Kerosene-to- Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Conversion
Program; yet the impact in poorer rural areas has been
limited. Switching to LPG, electricity, and other modern
fuels would be the most effective way to achieve clean
cooking solutions, but these fuels are expensive, requiring
costly stoves and delivery infrastructure that are beyond
reach for most rural households. By contrast, many types of
biomass can be freely collected from the local environment
or purchased for significantly less than other fuels. Thus,
large-scale fuel switching in rural areas is unlikely to
occur until rural economies become substantially more
developed. This means that an estimated 40 percent of
households will continue to rely on traditional biomass
energy, especially fuel wood, to meet their daily cooking
needs for years to come. This report is structured according
to the directional organization of the study. Chapter two
presents an overview of household cooking fuels in
Indonesia, including policy changes and other factors that
influence fuel choices. Chapter three examines an array of
stove supply side issues, including market and production
capacity, popular stove models, limitations of business
models, key features of the supply chain, and attitudes
toward new stoves. Chapter four identifies gaps in policies
and institutional strengthening that future intervention
programs will need to fill and reviews lessons from
successful programs promoting clean cooking solutions that
can be applied to those focused on clean biomass cooking.
Finally, chapter five presents the recommended
implementation strategy, including an innovative financing
approach, and the next steps in helping Indonesia move
toward universal access to clean cooking solutions by 2030. |
| topic_facet |
ACCESS TO MODERN ENERGY AGRICULTURAL RESIDUES AIR POLLUTION AIR POLLUTION RESULTING ALTERNATIVE ENERGY ALTERNATIVE ENERGY PROGRAM ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES ALTERNATIVE FUELS ANIMAL DUNG APPROACH AVAILABILITY AVERAGE PRICE BIOENERGY BIOGAS BIOGAS SYSTEMS BIOMASS BIOMASS ENERGY USE BIOMASS FUELS BIOMASS RESIDUE BIOMASS STOVE BIOMASS STOVES BIOMASS USE BURNING STOVE CEMENT CERTAIN EXTENT CHARCOAL CLEAN FUELS COMBUSTION COMMERCIAL MARKET CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK COOKING COOKING FUELS DAILY COOKING DISTRIBUTION NETWORK DIVERSIFIED ENERGY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT EFFICIENT STOVES EFFICIENT USE OF BIOMASS EFFICIENT USE OF BIOMASS FUEL ELECTRICITY EMISSIONS EMISSIONS REDUCTION EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE END-USER ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CONSUMPTION ENERGY DEMAND ENERGY INDUSTRY ENERGY SERVICES ENERGY SOURCE ENERGY SOURCES ENERGY USE ENERGY UTILIZATION ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS FEEDSTOCK FUEL FUEL COST FUEL EFFICIENCY FUEL MIX FUEL PRICES FUEL SOURCES FUEL SUPPLY FUEL SWITCHING FUEL TYPE FUEL USE FUELS FUELWOOD GENERATION HEAT HEATING HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES HOUSEHOLD ENERGY HOUSEHOLD ENVIRONMENT HOUSEHOLD FUEL HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD SECTOR INVENTORY KEROSENE KEROSENE SUBSIDIES KEROSENE USE LABOR COSTS LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS LPG MARKET DEVELOPMENT MARKET POTENTIAL MARKET RESEARCH MARKET SUPPLY MARKETING MINERAL RESOURCES MODERN FUELS NATURAL GAS OIL PETROLEUM PETROLEUM GAS POLLUTANTS POLLUTION PRICE CAP PRICE FLUCTUATIONS PRICE MARGIN PRICE MARGINS PRICE SUBSIDY PRIMARY ENERGY PRIMARY ENERGY SOURCE PRODUCERS PRODUCTION COSTS PRODUCTION PATTERNS PRODUCTION PROCESSES PURCHASING RENEWABLE ENERGY RENEWABLE RESOURCE RETAIL RETAIL DISTRIBUTION NETWORK RETAIL PRICE RETAIL PRICES RETAILING RURAL AREAS RURAL ENERGY RURAL HOUSEHOLDS SALE SALES SMOKE SOLID FUEL SOLID FUELS SUBSTITUTE SUBSTITUTE FUEL SUBSTITUTION SUPPLIER SUPPLIERS SUPPLY CHAIN SUPPLY CHAINS SUSTAINABLE ENERGY SUSTAINABLE MARKET TARGET MARKET TRADITIONAL BIOMASS TRADITIONAL STOVE TURNOVER URBAN HOUSEHOLDS USE OF BIOMASS ENERGY VEHICLES WHOLESALER WHOLESALERS WINDS WOOD WOOD STOVES |
| author |
World Bank |
| author_facet |
World Bank |
| author_sort |
World Bank |
| title |
Indonesia : Toward Universal Access to Clean Cooking |
| title_short |
Indonesia : Toward Universal Access to Clean Cooking |
| title_full |
Indonesia : Toward Universal Access to Clean Cooking |
| title_fullStr |
Indonesia : Toward Universal Access to Clean Cooking |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Indonesia : Toward Universal Access to Clean Cooking |
| title_sort |
indonesia : toward universal access to clean cooking |
| publisher |
Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2013-06 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/06/17965911/indonesia-toward-universal-access-clean-cooking https://hdl.handle.net/10986/16068 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT worldbank indonesiatowarduniversalaccesstocleancooking |
| _version_ |
1809105722752892928 |
| spelling |
dig-okr-10986160682024-08-08T14:25:53Z Indonesia : Toward Universal Access to Clean Cooking World Bank ACCESS TO MODERN ENERGY AGRICULTURAL RESIDUES AIR POLLUTION AIR POLLUTION RESULTING ALTERNATIVE ENERGY ALTERNATIVE ENERGY PROGRAM ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES ALTERNATIVE FUELS ANIMAL DUNG APPROACH AVAILABILITY AVERAGE PRICE BIOENERGY BIOGAS BIOGAS SYSTEMS BIOMASS BIOMASS ENERGY USE BIOMASS FUELS BIOMASS RESIDUE BIOMASS STOVE BIOMASS STOVES BIOMASS USE BURNING STOVE CEMENT CERTAIN EXTENT CHARCOAL CLEAN FUELS COMBUSTION COMMERCIAL MARKET CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK COOKING COOKING FUELS DAILY COOKING DISTRIBUTION NETWORK DIVERSIFIED ENERGY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT EFFICIENT STOVES EFFICIENT USE OF BIOMASS EFFICIENT USE OF BIOMASS FUEL ELECTRICITY EMISSIONS EMISSIONS REDUCTION EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE END-USER ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CONSUMPTION ENERGY DEMAND ENERGY INDUSTRY ENERGY SERVICES ENERGY SOURCE ENERGY SOURCES ENERGY USE ENERGY UTILIZATION ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS FEEDSTOCK FUEL FUEL COST FUEL EFFICIENCY FUEL MIX FUEL PRICES FUEL SOURCES FUEL SUPPLY FUEL SWITCHING FUEL TYPE FUEL USE FUELS FUELWOOD GENERATION HEAT HEATING HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES HOUSEHOLD ENERGY HOUSEHOLD ENVIRONMENT HOUSEHOLD FUEL HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD SECTOR INVENTORY KEROSENE KEROSENE SUBSIDIES KEROSENE USE LABOR COSTS LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS LPG MARKET DEVELOPMENT MARKET POTENTIAL MARKET RESEARCH MARKET SUPPLY MARKETING MINERAL RESOURCES MODERN FUELS NATURAL GAS OIL PETROLEUM PETROLEUM GAS POLLUTANTS POLLUTION PRICE CAP PRICE FLUCTUATIONS PRICE MARGIN PRICE MARGINS PRICE SUBSIDY PRIMARY ENERGY PRIMARY ENERGY SOURCE PRODUCERS PRODUCTION COSTS PRODUCTION PATTERNS PRODUCTION PROCESSES PURCHASING RENEWABLE ENERGY RENEWABLE RESOURCE RETAIL RETAIL DISTRIBUTION NETWORK RETAIL PRICE RETAIL PRICES RETAILING RURAL AREAS RURAL ENERGY RURAL HOUSEHOLDS SALE SALES SMOKE SOLID FUEL SOLID FUELS SUBSTITUTE SUBSTITUTE FUEL SUBSTITUTION SUPPLIER SUPPLIERS SUPPLY CHAIN SUPPLY CHAINS SUSTAINABLE ENERGY SUSTAINABLE MARKET TARGET MARKET TRADITIONAL BIOMASS TRADITIONAL STOVE TURNOVER URBAN HOUSEHOLDS USE OF BIOMASS ENERGY VEHICLES WHOLESALER WHOLESALERS WINDS WOOD WOOD STOVES Indonesia's household cooking fuels have undergone a dramatic shift in recent years, owing primarily to the government's highly successful Kerosene-to- Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Conversion Program; yet the impact in poorer rural areas has been limited. Switching to LPG, electricity, and other modern fuels would be the most effective way to achieve clean cooking solutions, but these fuels are expensive, requiring costly stoves and delivery infrastructure that are beyond reach for most rural households. By contrast, many types of biomass can be freely collected from the local environment or purchased for significantly less than other fuels. Thus, large-scale fuel switching in rural areas is unlikely to occur until rural economies become substantially more developed. This means that an estimated 40 percent of households will continue to rely on traditional biomass energy, especially fuel wood, to meet their daily cooking needs for years to come. This report is structured according to the directional organization of the study. Chapter two presents an overview of household cooking fuels in Indonesia, including policy changes and other factors that influence fuel choices. Chapter three examines an array of stove supply side issues, including market and production capacity, popular stove models, limitations of business models, key features of the supply chain, and attitudes toward new stoves. Chapter four identifies gaps in policies and institutional strengthening that future intervention programs will need to fill and reviews lessons from successful programs promoting clean cooking solutions that can be applied to those focused on clean biomass cooking. Finally, chapter five presents the recommended implementation strategy, including an innovative financing approach, and the next steps in helping Indonesia move toward universal access to clean cooking solutions by 2030. 2013-10-03T18:43:16Z 2013-10-03T18:43:16Z 2013-06 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/06/17965911/indonesia-toward-universal-access-clean-cooking https://hdl.handle.net/10986/16068 English en_US East Asia and Pacific Clean Stove Initiative Series; CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank application/pdf text/plain Washington, DC |