Analyzing Urban Poverty: A Summary of Methods and Approaches

In recent years an extensive body of literature has emerged on the definition, measurement and analysis of poverty. Much of this literature focuses on analyzing poverty at the national level, or spatial disaggregation by general categories of urban or rural areas with adjustments made for regional price differentials. Yet for an individual city attempting to tackle the problems of urban poverty, this level of aggregation is not sufficient for answering specific questions such as where the poor are located in the city, whether there are differences between poor areas, if access to services varies by subgroup, whether specific programs are reaching the poorest, and how to design effective poverty reduction programs and policies. Answering these questions is critical, particularly for large, sprawling cities with highly diverse populations and growing problems of urban poverty. Understanding urban poverty presents a set of issues distinct from general poverty analysis and thus may require additional tools and techniques. This paper summarizes the main issues in conducting urban poverty analysis, with a focus on presenting a sample of case studies from urban areas that were implemented by a number of different agencies using a range of analytical approaches for studying urban poverty. Specific conclusions regarding design and analysis, data, timing, cost, and implementation issues are discussed.

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Schuler, Nina, Baker, Judy
Language:English
en_US
Published: World Bank, Washington, D.C. 2004-09
Subjects:ACCIDENTS, ACTION RESEARCH, BASIC NEEDS, BENEFICIARIES, BENEFICIARY ASSESSMENTS, BRAZIL/, CAPACITY BUILDING, CENTRAL AMERICA, CENTRAL AMERICAN, CITIES, CLEAN WATER, COPING STRATEGIES, CRIME, DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS, DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES, DISASTERS, ECONOMIC STATUS, ECONOMICS, EDUCATION, EMPLOYMENT, EXPENDITURES, FAMILIES, FERTILITY, FOOD SECURITY, GROWTH PATTERNS, HEALTH, HEALTH CARE, HEALTH FACILITIES, HEALTH HAZARDS, HEALTH OUTCOMES, HEALTH SURVEYS, HOMELESSNESS, HOSPITALS, HOUSEHOLD INCOME, HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS, HOUSING, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, INFANT MORTALITY, INFORMATION SYSTEMS, INNOVATION, LEARNING, LIFE EXPECTANCY, LITERACY, LIVELIHOODS, LIVING CONDITIONS, LIVING STANDARDS, LONGITUDINAL DATA, LOW INCOME, MIGRANTS, MIGRATION, NUTRITION, NUTRITIONAL STATUS, PARTICIPATORY POVERTY ASSESSMENT, PARTNERSHIP, POLICY RESEARCH, POOR, POOR AREAS, POVERTY ALLEVIATION, POVERTY ALLEVIATION STRATEGIES, POVERTY ANALYSIS, POVERTY ASSESSMENT, POVERTY ASSESSMENTS, POVERTY ESTIMATES, POVERTY IMPACTS, POVERTY INDICATORS, POVERTY ISSUES, POVERTY LINE, POVERTY MEASUREMENT, POVERTY MEASURES, POVERTY PROFILE, POVERTY PROFILES, POVERTY REDUCTION, POVERTY REDUCTION PROGRAMS, POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES, POVERTY RESEARCH, PRIVATE SECTOR, PROGRAMS, PROJECT MONITORING, PROJECTS/, QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS, QUALITATIVE METHODS, QUALITY OF LIFE, QUALITY OF SERVICES, RISK FACTORS, RURAL POOR, RURAL POVERTY, SAFETY, SAMPLE SIZE, SANITATION, SCHOOLS, SERVICE DELIVERY, SERVICE DELIVERY MECHANISMS, SERVICE SATISFACTION, SERVICE UTILIZATION, SOCIAL EXCLUSION, SOCIAL SERVICES, SOCIAL SUPPORT, TARGETING, UNEMPLOYMENT, URBAN AREAS, URBAN POOR, URBAN POVERTY, URBANIZATION, VIOLENCE, VULNERABLE GROUPS, WASTE, WATER SUPPLY, WORKERS,
Online Access:http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2004/09/5167855/analyzing-urban-poverty-summary-methods-approached
https://hdl.handle.net/10986/14244
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spelling dig-okr-10986142442024-08-08T17:30:31Z Analyzing Urban Poverty: A Summary of Methods and Approaches Schuler, Nina Baker, Judy ACCIDENTS ACTION RESEARCH BASIC NEEDS BENEFICIARIES BENEFICIARY ASSESSMENTS BRAZIL/ CAPACITY BUILDING CENTRAL AMERICA CENTRAL AMERICAN CITIES CLEAN WATER COPING STRATEGIES CRIME DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES DISASTERS ECONOMIC STATUS ECONOMICS EDUCATION EMPLOYMENT EXPENDITURES FAMILIES FERTILITY FOOD SECURITY GROWTH PATTERNS HEALTH HEALTH CARE HEALTH FACILITIES HEALTH HAZARDS HEALTH OUTCOMES HEALTH SURVEYS HOMELESSNESS HOSPITALS HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HOUSING HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INFANT MORTALITY INFORMATION SYSTEMS INNOVATION LEARNING LIFE EXPECTANCY LITERACY LIVELIHOODS LIVING CONDITIONS LIVING STANDARDS LONGITUDINAL DATA LOW INCOME MIGRANTS MIGRATION NUTRITION NUTRITIONAL STATUS PARTICIPATORY POVERTY ASSESSMENT PARTNERSHIP POLICY RESEARCH POOR POOR AREAS POVERTY ALLEVIATION POVERTY ALLEVIATION STRATEGIES POVERTY ANALYSIS POVERTY ASSESSMENT POVERTY ASSESSMENTS POVERTY ESTIMATES POVERTY IMPACTS POVERTY INDICATORS POVERTY ISSUES POVERTY LINE POVERTY MEASUREMENT POVERTY MEASURES POVERTY PROFILE POVERTY PROFILES POVERTY REDUCTION POVERTY REDUCTION PROGRAMS POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES POVERTY RESEARCH PRIVATE SECTOR PROGRAMS PROJECT MONITORING PROJECTS/ QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS QUALITATIVE METHODS QUALITY OF LIFE QUALITY OF SERVICES RISK FACTORS RURAL POOR RURAL POVERTY SAFETY SAMPLE SIZE SANITATION SCHOOLS SERVICE DELIVERY SERVICE DELIVERY MECHANISMS SERVICE SATISFACTION SERVICE UTILIZATION SOCIAL EXCLUSION SOCIAL SERVICES SOCIAL SUPPORT TARGETING UNEMPLOYMENT URBAN AREAS URBAN POOR URBAN POVERTY URBANIZATION VIOLENCE VULNERABLE GROUPS WASTE WATER SUPPLY WORKERS In recent years an extensive body of literature has emerged on the definition, measurement and analysis of poverty. Much of this literature focuses on analyzing poverty at the national level, or spatial disaggregation by general categories of urban or rural areas with adjustments made for regional price differentials. Yet for an individual city attempting to tackle the problems of urban poverty, this level of aggregation is not sufficient for answering specific questions such as where the poor are located in the city, whether there are differences between poor areas, if access to services varies by subgroup, whether specific programs are reaching the poorest, and how to design effective poverty reduction programs and policies. Answering these questions is critical, particularly for large, sprawling cities with highly diverse populations and growing problems of urban poverty. Understanding urban poverty presents a set of issues distinct from general poverty analysis and thus may require additional tools and techniques. This paper summarizes the main issues in conducting urban poverty analysis, with a focus on presenting a sample of case studies from urban areas that were implemented by a number of different agencies using a range of analytical approaches for studying urban poverty. Specific conclusions regarding design and analysis, data, timing, cost, and implementation issues are discussed. 2013-06-27T18:09:25Z 2013-06-27T18:09:25Z 2004-09 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2004/09/5167855/analyzing-urban-poverty-summary-methods-approached https://hdl.handle.net/10986/14244 English en_US Policy Research Working Paper;No.3399 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank application/pdf text/plain World Bank, Washington, D.C.
institution Banco Mundial
collection DSpace
country Estados Unidos
countrycode US
component Bibliográfico
access En linea
databasecode dig-okr
tag biblioteca
region America del Norte
libraryname Biblioteca del Banco Mundial
language English
en_US
topic ACCIDENTS
ACTION RESEARCH
BASIC NEEDS
BENEFICIARIES
BENEFICIARY ASSESSMENTS
BRAZIL/
CAPACITY BUILDING
CENTRAL AMERICA
CENTRAL AMERICAN
CITIES
CLEAN WATER
COPING STRATEGIES
CRIME
DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS
DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES
DISASTERS
ECONOMIC STATUS
ECONOMICS
EDUCATION
EMPLOYMENT
EXPENDITURES
FAMILIES
FERTILITY
FOOD SECURITY
GROWTH PATTERNS
HEALTH
HEALTH CARE
HEALTH FACILITIES
HEALTH HAZARDS
HEALTH OUTCOMES
HEALTH SURVEYS
HOMELESSNESS
HOSPITALS
HOUSEHOLD INCOME
HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS
HOUSING
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
INFANT MORTALITY
INFORMATION SYSTEMS
INNOVATION
LEARNING
LIFE EXPECTANCY
LITERACY
LIVELIHOODS
LIVING CONDITIONS
LIVING STANDARDS
LONGITUDINAL DATA
LOW INCOME
MIGRANTS
MIGRATION
NUTRITION
NUTRITIONAL STATUS
PARTICIPATORY POVERTY ASSESSMENT
PARTNERSHIP
POLICY RESEARCH
POOR
POOR AREAS
POVERTY ALLEVIATION
POVERTY ALLEVIATION STRATEGIES
POVERTY ANALYSIS
POVERTY ASSESSMENT
POVERTY ASSESSMENTS
POVERTY ESTIMATES
POVERTY IMPACTS
POVERTY INDICATORS
POVERTY ISSUES
POVERTY LINE
POVERTY MEASUREMENT
POVERTY MEASURES
POVERTY PROFILE
POVERTY PROFILES
POVERTY REDUCTION
POVERTY REDUCTION PROGRAMS
POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES
POVERTY RESEARCH
PRIVATE SECTOR
PROGRAMS
PROJECT MONITORING
PROJECTS/
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS
QUALITATIVE METHODS
QUALITY OF LIFE
QUALITY OF SERVICES
RISK FACTORS
RURAL POOR
RURAL POVERTY
SAFETY
SAMPLE SIZE
SANITATION
SCHOOLS
SERVICE DELIVERY
SERVICE DELIVERY MECHANISMS
SERVICE SATISFACTION
SERVICE UTILIZATION
SOCIAL EXCLUSION
SOCIAL SERVICES
SOCIAL SUPPORT
TARGETING
UNEMPLOYMENT
URBAN AREAS
URBAN POOR
URBAN POVERTY
URBANIZATION
VIOLENCE
VULNERABLE GROUPS
WASTE
WATER SUPPLY
WORKERS
ACCIDENTS
ACTION RESEARCH
BASIC NEEDS
BENEFICIARIES
BENEFICIARY ASSESSMENTS
BRAZIL/
CAPACITY BUILDING
CENTRAL AMERICA
CENTRAL AMERICAN
CITIES
CLEAN WATER
COPING STRATEGIES
CRIME
DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS
DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES
DISASTERS
ECONOMIC STATUS
ECONOMICS
EDUCATION
EMPLOYMENT
EXPENDITURES
FAMILIES
FERTILITY
FOOD SECURITY
GROWTH PATTERNS
HEALTH
HEALTH CARE
HEALTH FACILITIES
HEALTH HAZARDS
HEALTH OUTCOMES
HEALTH SURVEYS
HOMELESSNESS
HOSPITALS
HOUSEHOLD INCOME
HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS
HOUSING
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
INFANT MORTALITY
INFORMATION SYSTEMS
INNOVATION
LEARNING
LIFE EXPECTANCY
LITERACY
LIVELIHOODS
LIVING CONDITIONS
LIVING STANDARDS
LONGITUDINAL DATA
LOW INCOME
MIGRANTS
MIGRATION
NUTRITION
NUTRITIONAL STATUS
PARTICIPATORY POVERTY ASSESSMENT
PARTNERSHIP
POLICY RESEARCH
POOR
POOR AREAS
POVERTY ALLEVIATION
POVERTY ALLEVIATION STRATEGIES
POVERTY ANALYSIS
POVERTY ASSESSMENT
POVERTY ASSESSMENTS
POVERTY ESTIMATES
POVERTY IMPACTS
POVERTY INDICATORS
POVERTY ISSUES
POVERTY LINE
POVERTY MEASUREMENT
POVERTY MEASURES
POVERTY PROFILE
POVERTY PROFILES
POVERTY REDUCTION
POVERTY REDUCTION PROGRAMS
POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES
POVERTY RESEARCH
PRIVATE SECTOR
PROGRAMS
PROJECT MONITORING
PROJECTS/
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS
QUALITATIVE METHODS
QUALITY OF LIFE
QUALITY OF SERVICES
RISK FACTORS
RURAL POOR
RURAL POVERTY
SAFETY
SAMPLE SIZE
SANITATION
SCHOOLS
SERVICE DELIVERY
SERVICE DELIVERY MECHANISMS
SERVICE SATISFACTION
SERVICE UTILIZATION
SOCIAL EXCLUSION
SOCIAL SERVICES
SOCIAL SUPPORT
TARGETING
UNEMPLOYMENT
URBAN AREAS
URBAN POOR
URBAN POVERTY
URBANIZATION
VIOLENCE
VULNERABLE GROUPS
WASTE
WATER SUPPLY
WORKERS
spellingShingle ACCIDENTS
ACTION RESEARCH
BASIC NEEDS
BENEFICIARIES
BENEFICIARY ASSESSMENTS
BRAZIL/
CAPACITY BUILDING
CENTRAL AMERICA
CENTRAL AMERICAN
CITIES
CLEAN WATER
COPING STRATEGIES
CRIME
DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS
DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES
DISASTERS
ECONOMIC STATUS
ECONOMICS
EDUCATION
EMPLOYMENT
EXPENDITURES
FAMILIES
FERTILITY
FOOD SECURITY
GROWTH PATTERNS
HEALTH
HEALTH CARE
HEALTH FACILITIES
HEALTH HAZARDS
HEALTH OUTCOMES
HEALTH SURVEYS
HOMELESSNESS
HOSPITALS
HOUSEHOLD INCOME
HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS
HOUSING
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
INFANT MORTALITY
INFORMATION SYSTEMS
INNOVATION
LEARNING
LIFE EXPECTANCY
LITERACY
LIVELIHOODS
LIVING CONDITIONS
LIVING STANDARDS
LONGITUDINAL DATA
LOW INCOME
MIGRANTS
MIGRATION
NUTRITION
NUTRITIONAL STATUS
PARTICIPATORY POVERTY ASSESSMENT
PARTNERSHIP
POLICY RESEARCH
POOR
POOR AREAS
POVERTY ALLEVIATION
POVERTY ALLEVIATION STRATEGIES
POVERTY ANALYSIS
POVERTY ASSESSMENT
POVERTY ASSESSMENTS
POVERTY ESTIMATES
POVERTY IMPACTS
POVERTY INDICATORS
POVERTY ISSUES
POVERTY LINE
POVERTY MEASUREMENT
POVERTY MEASURES
POVERTY PROFILE
POVERTY PROFILES
POVERTY REDUCTION
POVERTY REDUCTION PROGRAMS
POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES
POVERTY RESEARCH
PRIVATE SECTOR
PROGRAMS
PROJECT MONITORING
PROJECTS/
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS
QUALITATIVE METHODS
QUALITY OF LIFE
QUALITY OF SERVICES
RISK FACTORS
RURAL POOR
RURAL POVERTY
SAFETY
SAMPLE SIZE
SANITATION
SCHOOLS
SERVICE DELIVERY
SERVICE DELIVERY MECHANISMS
SERVICE SATISFACTION
SERVICE UTILIZATION
SOCIAL EXCLUSION
SOCIAL SERVICES
SOCIAL SUPPORT
TARGETING
UNEMPLOYMENT
URBAN AREAS
URBAN POOR
URBAN POVERTY
URBANIZATION
VIOLENCE
VULNERABLE GROUPS
WASTE
WATER SUPPLY
WORKERS
ACCIDENTS
ACTION RESEARCH
BASIC NEEDS
BENEFICIARIES
BENEFICIARY ASSESSMENTS
BRAZIL/
CAPACITY BUILDING
CENTRAL AMERICA
CENTRAL AMERICAN
CITIES
CLEAN WATER
COPING STRATEGIES
CRIME
DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS
DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES
DISASTERS
ECONOMIC STATUS
ECONOMICS
EDUCATION
EMPLOYMENT
EXPENDITURES
FAMILIES
FERTILITY
FOOD SECURITY
GROWTH PATTERNS
HEALTH
HEALTH CARE
HEALTH FACILITIES
HEALTH HAZARDS
HEALTH OUTCOMES
HEALTH SURVEYS
HOMELESSNESS
HOSPITALS
HOUSEHOLD INCOME
HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS
HOUSING
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
INFANT MORTALITY
INFORMATION SYSTEMS
INNOVATION
LEARNING
LIFE EXPECTANCY
LITERACY
LIVELIHOODS
LIVING CONDITIONS
LIVING STANDARDS
LONGITUDINAL DATA
LOW INCOME
MIGRANTS
MIGRATION
NUTRITION
NUTRITIONAL STATUS
PARTICIPATORY POVERTY ASSESSMENT
PARTNERSHIP
POLICY RESEARCH
POOR
POOR AREAS
POVERTY ALLEVIATION
POVERTY ALLEVIATION STRATEGIES
POVERTY ANALYSIS
POVERTY ASSESSMENT
POVERTY ASSESSMENTS
POVERTY ESTIMATES
POVERTY IMPACTS
POVERTY INDICATORS
POVERTY ISSUES
POVERTY LINE
POVERTY MEASUREMENT
POVERTY MEASURES
POVERTY PROFILE
POVERTY PROFILES
POVERTY REDUCTION
POVERTY REDUCTION PROGRAMS
POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES
POVERTY RESEARCH
PRIVATE SECTOR
PROGRAMS
PROJECT MONITORING
PROJECTS/
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS
QUALITATIVE METHODS
QUALITY OF LIFE
QUALITY OF SERVICES
RISK FACTORS
RURAL POOR
RURAL POVERTY
SAFETY
SAMPLE SIZE
SANITATION
SCHOOLS
SERVICE DELIVERY
SERVICE DELIVERY MECHANISMS
SERVICE SATISFACTION
SERVICE UTILIZATION
SOCIAL EXCLUSION
SOCIAL SERVICES
SOCIAL SUPPORT
TARGETING
UNEMPLOYMENT
URBAN AREAS
URBAN POOR
URBAN POVERTY
URBANIZATION
VIOLENCE
VULNERABLE GROUPS
WASTE
WATER SUPPLY
WORKERS
Schuler, Nina
Baker, Judy
Analyzing Urban Poverty: A Summary of Methods and Approaches
description In recent years an extensive body of literature has emerged on the definition, measurement and analysis of poverty. Much of this literature focuses on analyzing poverty at the national level, or spatial disaggregation by general categories of urban or rural areas with adjustments made for regional price differentials. Yet for an individual city attempting to tackle the problems of urban poverty, this level of aggregation is not sufficient for answering specific questions such as where the poor are located in the city, whether there are differences between poor areas, if access to services varies by subgroup, whether specific programs are reaching the poorest, and how to design effective poverty reduction programs and policies. Answering these questions is critical, particularly for large, sprawling cities with highly diverse populations and growing problems of urban poverty. Understanding urban poverty presents a set of issues distinct from general poverty analysis and thus may require additional tools and techniques. This paper summarizes the main issues in conducting urban poverty analysis, with a focus on presenting a sample of case studies from urban areas that were implemented by a number of different agencies using a range of analytical approaches for studying urban poverty. Specific conclusions regarding design and analysis, data, timing, cost, and implementation issues are discussed.
topic_facet ACCIDENTS
ACTION RESEARCH
BASIC NEEDS
BENEFICIARIES
BENEFICIARY ASSESSMENTS
BRAZIL/
CAPACITY BUILDING
CENTRAL AMERICA
CENTRAL AMERICAN
CITIES
CLEAN WATER
COPING STRATEGIES
CRIME
DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS
DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES
DISASTERS
ECONOMIC STATUS
ECONOMICS
EDUCATION
EMPLOYMENT
EXPENDITURES
FAMILIES
FERTILITY
FOOD SECURITY
GROWTH PATTERNS
HEALTH
HEALTH CARE
HEALTH FACILITIES
HEALTH HAZARDS
HEALTH OUTCOMES
HEALTH SURVEYS
HOMELESSNESS
HOSPITALS
HOUSEHOLD INCOME
HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS
HOUSING
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
INFANT MORTALITY
INFORMATION SYSTEMS
INNOVATION
LEARNING
LIFE EXPECTANCY
LITERACY
LIVELIHOODS
LIVING CONDITIONS
LIVING STANDARDS
LONGITUDINAL DATA
LOW INCOME
MIGRANTS
MIGRATION
NUTRITION
NUTRITIONAL STATUS
PARTICIPATORY POVERTY ASSESSMENT
PARTNERSHIP
POLICY RESEARCH
POOR
POOR AREAS
POVERTY ALLEVIATION
POVERTY ALLEVIATION STRATEGIES
POVERTY ANALYSIS
POVERTY ASSESSMENT
POVERTY ASSESSMENTS
POVERTY ESTIMATES
POVERTY IMPACTS
POVERTY INDICATORS
POVERTY ISSUES
POVERTY LINE
POVERTY MEASUREMENT
POVERTY MEASURES
POVERTY PROFILE
POVERTY PROFILES
POVERTY REDUCTION
POVERTY REDUCTION PROGRAMS
POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES
POVERTY RESEARCH
PRIVATE SECTOR
PROGRAMS
PROJECT MONITORING
PROJECTS/
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS
QUALITATIVE METHODS
QUALITY OF LIFE
QUALITY OF SERVICES
RISK FACTORS
RURAL POOR
RURAL POVERTY
SAFETY
SAMPLE SIZE
SANITATION
SCHOOLS
SERVICE DELIVERY
SERVICE DELIVERY MECHANISMS
SERVICE SATISFACTION
SERVICE UTILIZATION
SOCIAL EXCLUSION
SOCIAL SERVICES
SOCIAL SUPPORT
TARGETING
UNEMPLOYMENT
URBAN AREAS
URBAN POOR
URBAN POVERTY
URBANIZATION
VIOLENCE
VULNERABLE GROUPS
WASTE
WATER SUPPLY
WORKERS
author Schuler, Nina
Baker, Judy
author_facet Schuler, Nina
Baker, Judy
author_sort Schuler, Nina
title Analyzing Urban Poverty: A Summary of Methods and Approaches
title_short Analyzing Urban Poverty: A Summary of Methods and Approaches
title_full Analyzing Urban Poverty: A Summary of Methods and Approaches
title_fullStr Analyzing Urban Poverty: A Summary of Methods and Approaches
title_full_unstemmed Analyzing Urban Poverty: A Summary of Methods and Approaches
title_sort analyzing urban poverty: a summary of methods and approaches
publisher World Bank, Washington, D.C.
publishDate 2004-09
url http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2004/09/5167855/analyzing-urban-poverty-summary-methods-approached
https://hdl.handle.net/10986/14244
work_keys_str_mv AT schulernina analyzingurbanpovertyasummaryofmethodsandapproaches
AT bakerjudy analyzingurbanpovertyasummaryofmethodsandapproaches
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