The Internal Geography of Trade : Lagging Regions and Global Markets

Economic theory, including endogenous growth, the role of institutions, and, most importantly, the New Economic Geography (NEG), have made significant progress in explaining the emergence of core-periphery patterns behind this divergence. They point to the critical role of agglomeration, which confers benefits to metropolitan cores that have the advantages of large markets, deep labor pools, links to international markets, and clusters of diverse suppliers and institutions. Regions relatively near the metropolitan core are likely to benefit from spillovers and congestion-related dispersion. Regions further outside the core however, are not only less able to take advantage of spillovers, but also more likely to be far removed from key infrastructural, institutional, and interpersonal links to regional and international markets. As a result, they face significant challenges to becoming competitive locations to host economic activity. Thus the geographical pattern of core and peripheral regions is increasingly manifest in an economic pattern of 'leading' and 'lagging' regions

Bibliographic Details

Main Author:	Farole, Thomas
Language:	English en_US
Published:	Washington, DC: World Bank 2013-04-08
Subjects:	ACCELERATOR, ACCESS TO INFORMATION, ACCESS TO KNOWLEDGE, ACCESS TO TECHNOLOGY, AGRICULTURAL SECTORS, AGRICULTURE, BARRIER, BARRIERS TO COMPETITION, BOND, BORDER REGIONS, BRAIN DRAIN, BUSINESS CLIMATE, BUSINESS ECONOMICS, CAPITAL FLOWS, CENTRAL GOVERNMENTS, COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE, COMPETITIVENESS OF FIRMS, CONNECTIVITY, CONSUMERS, COUNTRY TO COUNTRY, CROSS-REGIONAL DISPARITIES, CURRENCY, DATA AVAILABILITY, DECENTRALIZATION, DEREGULATION, DEVELOPED COUNTRIES, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, DEVELOPMENT POLICY, DISTRIBUTIONAL EFFECTS, DOMESTIC CAPITAL, DOMESTIC ECONOMY, DOMESTIC INVESTORS, DOMESTIC MARKET, DOMESTIC PRODUCTS, DYNAMIC ECONOMY, ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS, ECONOMIC ACTIVITY, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY, ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC INTEGRATION, ECONOMIC OUTCOMES, ECONOMIC REFORMS, ECONOMIC RESEARCH, ECONOMIC THEORY, ECONOMIES OF SCALE, EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS, EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE, EMPIRICAL STUDIES, ENVIRONMENTAL, ENVIRONMENTS, EPZ, EQUILIBRIUM, EXCHANGE RATE, EXPORT INTENSITY, EXPORT MARKETS, EXPORT PROCESSING ZONE, EXPORT PROCESSING ZONES, EXPORTERS, EXPORTS, EXPOSURE, EXTERNALITIES, FACTORS OF PRODUCTION, FINANCIAL INSTITUTION, FIXED COSTS, FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT, FOREIGN INVESTORS, FOREIGN MARKET, FOREIGN MARKETS, FOREIGN OWNERSHIP, FREE TRADE, FREE TRADE AGREEMENT, GDP, GDP PER CAPITA, GLOBAL MARKETS, GLOBALIZATION, GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, GROSS VALUE, GROWTH IN TRADE, GROWTH MODELS, GROWTH POLICIES, GROWTH POLICY, GROWTH POTENTIAL, GROWTH THEORY, HOUSING, HUMAN CAPITAL, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX, IMPACT OF TRADE, INCOME REDISTRIBUTION, INDIVIDUAL FIRM, INDIVIDUAL FIRMS, INDUSTRIAL REGIONS, INFORMATION SYSTEM, INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT, INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS, INFRASTRUCTURE · INVESTMENT, INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITIES, INSTITUTIONAL ENVIRONMENT, INSTITUTIONAL MODELS, INTEREST RATE, INTERNATIONAL MARKETS, INTERNATIONAL TRADE, INVESTMENT CLIMATE REFORMS, INVESTMENT INCENTIVES, LABOR FORCE, LABOR MARKETS, LAGGING REGION, LAGGING REGIONS, LIVING STANDARDS, LOW-INCOME ECONOMIES, MARGINAL COSTS, MARKET ACCESS, METROPOLITAN REGIONS, MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES, NATIONAL INCOME, NATURAL RESOURCES, PER CAPITA INCOME, PER CAPITA INCOMES, PERIPHERAL REGIONS, POLICY ENVIRONMENT, POLITICAL ECONOMY, POLITICAL POWER, POOR POLICY, POWER PARITY, PRIVATE INVESTORS, PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT, PRODUCERS, PRODUCTION PROCESS, PROSPEROUS REGIONS, PUBLIC GOODS, PURCHASING POWER, REGIONAL CHARACTERISTICS, REGIONAL CONTEXT, REGIONAL CONVERGENCE, REGIONAL COOPERATION, REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT, REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT POLICIES, REGIONAL DIFFERENCES, REGIONAL DIVERGENCE, REGIONAL DUMMIES, REGIONAL ECONOMIC DISPARITIES, REGIONAL ECONOMICS, REGIONAL ECONOMIES, REGIONAL ECONOMY, REGIONAL ENVIRONMENT, REGIONAL FACTORS, REGIONAL GROWTH, REGIONAL INCOME, REGIONAL INCOME INEQUALITY, REGIONAL INCOMES, REGIONAL INEQUALITIES, REGIONAL INEQUALITY, REGIONAL INSTITUTIONS, REGIONAL INVESTMENT, REGIONAL INVESTMENT CLIMATE, REGIONAL LEVEL, REGIONAL MARKETS, REGIONAL OUTPUT, REGIONAL PERFORMANCE, REGIONAL POLICIES, REGIONAL POLICY, REGIONAL PRODUCTION, REGIONAL SCIENCE, REGIONAL SYSTEMS, REGIONAL TRADE, REGIONAL TRADE INTEGRATION, REGULATORY BODIES, REMOTE REGIONS, RENT SEEKING, RESERVE BANK, RURAL AREAS, SPARSELY POPULATED REGIONS, SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION, SPATIAL INEQUALITIES, SPATIAL INEQUALITY, SPATIAL POLICY, SPATIAL STRUCTURE, STRUCTURAL CHANGE, STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATION, SUSTAINABLE GROWTH, TAX, TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY, TRADE COMPETITIVENESS, TRADE EFFECT, TRADE OPENNESS, TRADE POLICY, TRADING BLOCS, TRANSACTION COSTS, TRANSITION COUNTRIES, URBAN DEVELOPMENT, URBAN REGIONS, URBANIZATION, VALUE ADDED, WAGES, WEALTH, WORLD ECONOMY, WORLD MARKETS, WORLD REGIONS, WORLD TRADE, WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION,
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/04/17565833/internal-geography-trade-lagging-regions-global-markets https://hdl.handle.net/10986/13817
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