Kazakhstan : Assessment of Costs and Benefits of the Customs

In 2010, Kazakhstan entered into a customs union with Belarus and Russia. The first, relatively easy step in the implementation of the customs union was accomplished in 2010 with the adoption of a common external tariff, with varying exceptions in each of the three member countries. It is the intention of the customs union to eliminate the exceptions, in phases, by 2015. In fact, the goals of the customs union are much more ambitious than implementation of the common external tariff. The governments of the member countries are working to achieve deep integration in key areas. Clearly, successfully addressing the challenge of reducing trade-facilitation costs is a major task that requires significant institutional development both in Kazakhstan and in the other member countries of the customs union. It is very difficult, however, to assess the probability of success that the customs union will have with the reduction of these costs.

Bibliographic Details

Main Author:	World Bank
Language:	English en_US
Published:	Washington, DC 2012-11
Subjects:	AGRICULTURE, AIR, AIR TRANSPORT, ANTIDUMPING ACTIONS, AVERAGE TARIFF, AVERAGE TARIFF RATE, BARRIERS TO TRADE, BASE YEAR, BENCHMARK, BILATERAL FREE TRADE, BORDER DELAYS, CAPITAL STOCK, COLLECTED TARIFF, COMMON EXTERNAL TARIFF, COMPETITION POLICY, COMPETITIVE GOODS, COMPETITIVE SECTORS, COMPETITIVENESS, CONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE, CONSUMERS, COUNTERVAILING DUTY INVESTIGATIONS, COUNTRY OF ORIGIN, CUSTOM UNION, CUSTOMS, CUSTOMS CONTROL, CUSTOMS POSTS, CUSTOMS UNION, CUSTOMS UNION AGREEMENT, DEMAND CURVE, DEMAND CURVES, DEVELOPED COUNTRIES, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, DOMESTIC FIRMS, DOMESTIC MARKET, DOMESTIC PRODUCTION, DOMESTIC SALES, ECONOMIC COMMUNITY, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC RESEARCH, ELASTICITIES, ELASTICITY, ELASTICITY OF DEMAND, ELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTION, ELASTICITY VALUES, EXPANDING TRADE, EXPORT MARKETS, EXPORTS, EXTERNAL TARIFFS, EXTERNALITIES, FINANCIAL SERVICES, FOREIGN FIRMS, FOREIGN GOODS, FOREIGN INVESTORS, FREE ACCESS, FREE ENTRY, FREE TRADE, FREE TRADE AGREEMENT, FREIGHT, FUTURE RESEARCH, GDP, GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM, GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODEL, GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS, GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, HOTELS, IMPORT DEMAND, IMPORT PRICE, IMPORT-SUBSTITUTION INDUSTRIALIZATION, IMPORTS, INCREASING RETURNS, INCREASING RETURNS TO SCALE, INDUSTRIALIZATION, INTERMEDIATE INPUTS, INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS, LABOR FORCE, LAND TRANSPORT, LOCAL CONTENT, MARGINAL COST, MARGINAL COSTS, MARGINAL REVENUE, MARKET ACCESS, MARKET COUNTRIES, MEMBER COUNTRIES, MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITION, MONOPOLY, MOST-FAVORED-NATION, MOTOR VEHICLES, MUTUAL RECOGNITION, MUTUAL RECOGNITION AGREEMENTS, NONTARIFF BARRIERS, NONTARIFF TRADE BARRIERS, OIL PRODUCTION, OPEN ECONOMY, PREFERENTIAL ACCESS, PREFERENTIAL AGREEMENT, PREFERENTIAL COMMITMENTS, PREFERENTIAL TRADE, PREFERENTIAL TRADE ARRANGEMENTS, PRODUCT DIFFERENTIATION, PRODUCT STANDARDS, PRODUCTION FUNCTION, PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH, REAL INCOME, RENT SEEKING, RETAIL TRADE, RETURNS TO SCALE, ROADS, SAFETY, SOCIAL SERVICES, SUPPLY CURVES, TARIFF -FREE ACCESS, TARIFF CHANGES, TARIFF LINE, TARIFF LINES, TARIFF POLICIES, TARIFF PREFERENCES, TARIFF RATE, TARIFF RATES, TARIFF REDUCTION, TARIFF REDUCTIONS, TARIFF REFORM, TARIFF REVENUE, TARIFF REVENUES, TARIFFS ON TRADE, TAX, TECHNICAL REGULATION, TECHNICAL REGULATIONS, TECHNOLOGY DIFFUSION, TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY, TOTAL REVENUE, TRADE ARRANGEMENTS, TRADE COSTS, TRADE DATA, TRADE EFFECTS, TRADE FACILITATION, TRADE FLOWS, TRADE MODEL, TRADING PARTNER, TRAFFIC, TRAFFIC POLICE, TRANSIT, TRANSITION PERIOD, TRANSITION PERIODS, TRANSPARENCY, TRANSPORT, TRANSPORT EQUIPMENT, TRANSPORT SERVICES, TRUCKS, VALUE ADDED, VALUE-ADDED TAX, WAGES, WHOLESALE TRADE, WORLD TRADE, WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION, WTO,
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/11/17068929/kazakhstan-assessment-costs-benefits-customs https://hdl.handle.net/10986/12299
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