Vyāghranomics in Space and Time : Estimating Habitat Threats for Bengal, Indochinese, Malayan and Sumatran Tigers
As the wild tiger population in tropical Asia dropped from about 100,000 to 3,500 in the last century, the need to conserve tiger habitats poses a challenge for the Global Tiger Recovery Program. This paper develops and uses a high-resolution monthly forest clearing database for 74 tiger habitat areas in ten countries to investigate habitat threats for Bengal, Indochinese, Malayan and Sumatran tigers. The econometric model links forest habitat loss and forest clearing to profitability calculations that are affected by market expectations, environmental conditions and evolving patterns of settlement, among others. It uses new spatial panel estimation methods that allow for temporal and spatial autocorrelation. The econometric results emphasize the role of short-run market variables, including the exchange rate, real interest rate and prices of agricultural products in forest clearing, with considerable variation in the estimated timing for response and impact elasticities across countries. The results highlight a critical message for the conservation policy community: Changes in world agricultural-product markets and national financial policies have significant, measurable effects on tropical forest clearing, with variable time lags and degrees of responsiveness across countries. Measuring these effects and pinpointing areas at risk can provide valuable guidance for policymakers, conservation managers, and donor institutions.
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dig-okr-10986120532024-08-08T14:52:56Z Vyāghranomics in Space and Time : Estimating Habitat Threats for Bengal, Indochinese, Malayan and Sumatran Tigers Dasgupta, Susmita Hammer, Dan Kraft, Robin Wheeler, David ABSOLUTE VALUES AGRICULTURAL EXPANSION AGRICULTURAL INTENSIFICATION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURE ALTITUDE AMAZONIAN DEFORESTATION ANIMAL ANIMAL CONSERVATION ARCHIPELAGO BIODIVERSITY BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION BIOGEOGRAPHY BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION BIOLOGY BIOMASS BOUNDARY AREAS BRAZILIAN AMAZON BREEDING BREEDING POPULATIONS BURNING CAPTURE RECAPTURE CLIMATE CO CONSERVANCY CONSERVATION CONSERVATION BENEFITS CONSERVATION BIOLOGY CONSERVATION MANAGERS CONSERVATION ORGANIZATIONS CONSERVATION POLICY CONSERVATION PROGRAMS CONSERVATION RESEARCH CONSERVATION SOCIETY CONSERVATION STATUS CRITICAL ECOSYSTEM CRITICAL HABITAT CULTIVATED AREAS CULTURAL CHANGE DEFORESTATION RATES DEGRADED FOREST DETERMINANT DETERMINANTS DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DEVELOPMENT POLICY DRY FORESTS ECOLOGY ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS ECONOMETRIC MODELS ECONOMETRICS ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC DYNAMICS ECONOMIC INCENTIVES ECONOMIC MODELS ECONOMIC RESEARCH ECONOMICS ECOSYSTEM ELASTICITIES ELASTICITY EMISSIONS EMPIRICAL RESEARCH EMPIRICAL STUDIES ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMIST ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION ENVIRONMENTAL STATISTICS EXCHANGE RATES EXOGENOUS VARIABLES EXTINCTIONS FEMALE TIGER FOOD POLICY RESEARCH FORECASTS FOREST FOREST AREA FOREST CARBON FOREST CLEARING FOREST CONSERVATION FOREST COVER FOREST DESTRUCTION FOREST EXTENT FOREST LAND FOREST LANDSCAPE FOREST MONITORING FOREST PRODUCTS FOREST PROTECTION FORESTRY FORESTRY RESEARCH FUTURE RESEARCH GDP GDP DEFLATOR GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT HABITAT AREAS HABITAT CONDITIONS HABITAT CONSERVATION HABITAT DESTRUCTION HABITAT FRAGMENTATION HABITAT LOSS HABITAT QUALITY HABITAT REQUIREMENTS HUMID TROPICAL FOREST ILLEGAL TRADE INCOME INPUT PRICES INTERNATIONAL FORESTRY RESEARCH ISSUES LAND CLEARING LAND ECONOMICS LAND TENURE LAND USE LAND USE CHANGE LAND-USE LAND-USE CHANGE LOCAL FOREST PRODUCTS LOGGING LOGS As the wild tiger population in tropical Asia dropped from about 100,000 to 3,500 in the last century, the need to conserve tiger habitats poses a challenge for the Global Tiger Recovery Program. This paper develops and uses a high-resolution monthly forest clearing database for 74 tiger habitat areas in ten countries to investigate habitat threats for Bengal, Indochinese, Malayan and Sumatran tigers. The econometric model links forest habitat loss and forest clearing to profitability calculations that are affected by market expectations, environmental conditions and evolving patterns of settlement, among others. It uses new spatial panel estimation methods that allow for temporal and spatial autocorrelation. The econometric results emphasize the role of short-run market variables, including the exchange rate, real interest rate and prices of agricultural products in forest clearing, with considerable variation in the estimated timing for response and impact elasticities across countries. The results highlight a critical message for the conservation policy community: Changes in world agricultural-product markets and national financial policies have significant, measurable effects on tropical forest clearing, with variable time lags and degrees of responsiveness across countries. Measuring these effects and pinpointing areas at risk can provide valuable guidance for policymakers, conservation managers, and donor institutions. 2013-01-02T21:24:38Z 2013-01-02T21:24:38Z 2012-10 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/10/16797106/vyaghranomics-space-time-estimating-habitat-threats-bengal-indochinese-malayan-sumatran-tigers https://hdl.handle.net/10986/12053 English en_US Policy Research Working Paper; No. 6212 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank application/pdf text/plain World Bank, Washington, DC |
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ABSOLUTE VALUES AGRICULTURAL EXPANSION AGRICULTURAL INTENSIFICATION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURE ALTITUDE AMAZONIAN DEFORESTATION ANIMAL ANIMAL CONSERVATION ARCHIPELAGO BIODIVERSITY BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION BIOGEOGRAPHY BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION BIOLOGY BIOMASS BOUNDARY AREAS BRAZILIAN AMAZON BREEDING BREEDING POPULATIONS BURNING CAPTURE RECAPTURE CLIMATE CO CONSERVANCY CONSERVATION CONSERVATION BENEFITS CONSERVATION BIOLOGY CONSERVATION MANAGERS CONSERVATION ORGANIZATIONS CONSERVATION POLICY CONSERVATION PROGRAMS CONSERVATION RESEARCH CONSERVATION SOCIETY CONSERVATION STATUS CRITICAL ECOSYSTEM CRITICAL HABITAT CULTIVATED AREAS CULTURAL CHANGE DEFORESTATION RATES DEGRADED FOREST DETERMINANT DETERMINANTS DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DEVELOPMENT POLICY DRY FORESTS ECOLOGY ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS ECONOMETRIC MODELS ECONOMETRICS ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC DYNAMICS ECONOMIC INCENTIVES ECONOMIC MODELS ECONOMIC RESEARCH ECONOMICS ECOSYSTEM ELASTICITIES ELASTICITY EMISSIONS EMPIRICAL RESEARCH EMPIRICAL STUDIES ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMIST ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION ENVIRONMENTAL STATISTICS EXCHANGE RATES EXOGENOUS VARIABLES EXTINCTIONS FEMALE TIGER FOOD POLICY RESEARCH FORECASTS FOREST FOREST AREA FOREST CARBON FOREST CLEARING FOREST CONSERVATION FOREST COVER FOREST DESTRUCTION FOREST EXTENT FOREST LAND FOREST LANDSCAPE FOREST MONITORING FOREST PRODUCTS FOREST PROTECTION FORESTRY FORESTRY RESEARCH FUTURE RESEARCH GDP GDP DEFLATOR GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT HABITAT AREAS HABITAT CONDITIONS HABITAT CONSERVATION HABITAT DESTRUCTION HABITAT FRAGMENTATION HABITAT LOSS HABITAT QUALITY HABITAT REQUIREMENTS HUMID TROPICAL FOREST ILLEGAL TRADE INCOME INPUT PRICES INTERNATIONAL FORESTRY RESEARCH ISSUES LAND CLEARING LAND ECONOMICS LAND TENURE LAND USE LAND USE CHANGE LAND-USE LAND-USE CHANGE LOCAL FOREST PRODUCTS LOGGING LOGS ABSOLUTE VALUES AGRICULTURAL EXPANSION AGRICULTURAL INTENSIFICATION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURE ALTITUDE AMAZONIAN DEFORESTATION ANIMAL ANIMAL CONSERVATION ARCHIPELAGO BIODIVERSITY BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION BIOGEOGRAPHY BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION BIOLOGY BIOMASS BOUNDARY AREAS BRAZILIAN AMAZON BREEDING BREEDING POPULATIONS BURNING CAPTURE RECAPTURE CLIMATE CO CONSERVANCY CONSERVATION CONSERVATION BENEFITS CONSERVATION BIOLOGY CONSERVATION MANAGERS CONSERVATION ORGANIZATIONS CONSERVATION POLICY CONSERVATION PROGRAMS CONSERVATION RESEARCH CONSERVATION SOCIETY CONSERVATION STATUS CRITICAL ECOSYSTEM CRITICAL HABITAT CULTIVATED AREAS CULTURAL CHANGE DEFORESTATION RATES DEGRADED FOREST DETERMINANT DETERMINANTS DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DEVELOPMENT POLICY DRY FORESTS ECOLOGY ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS ECONOMETRIC MODELS ECONOMETRICS ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC DYNAMICS ECONOMIC INCENTIVES ECONOMIC MODELS ECONOMIC RESEARCH ECONOMICS ECOSYSTEM ELASTICITIES ELASTICITY EMISSIONS EMPIRICAL RESEARCH EMPIRICAL STUDIES ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMIST ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION ENVIRONMENTAL STATISTICS EXCHANGE RATES EXOGENOUS VARIABLES EXTINCTIONS FEMALE TIGER FOOD POLICY RESEARCH FORECASTS FOREST FOREST AREA FOREST CARBON FOREST CLEARING FOREST CONSERVATION FOREST COVER FOREST DESTRUCTION FOREST EXTENT FOREST LAND FOREST LANDSCAPE FOREST MONITORING FOREST PRODUCTS FOREST PROTECTION FORESTRY FORESTRY RESEARCH FUTURE RESEARCH GDP GDP DEFLATOR GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT HABITAT AREAS HABITAT CONDITIONS HABITAT CONSERVATION HABITAT DESTRUCTION HABITAT FRAGMENTATION HABITAT LOSS HABITAT QUALITY HABITAT REQUIREMENTS HUMID TROPICAL FOREST ILLEGAL TRADE INCOME INPUT PRICES INTERNATIONAL FORESTRY RESEARCH ISSUES LAND CLEARING LAND ECONOMICS LAND TENURE LAND USE LAND USE CHANGE LAND-USE LAND-USE CHANGE LOCAL FOREST PRODUCTS LOGGING LOGS |
| spellingShingle |
ABSOLUTE VALUES AGRICULTURAL EXPANSION AGRICULTURAL INTENSIFICATION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURE ALTITUDE AMAZONIAN DEFORESTATION ANIMAL ANIMAL CONSERVATION ARCHIPELAGO BIODIVERSITY BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION BIOGEOGRAPHY BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION BIOLOGY BIOMASS BOUNDARY AREAS BRAZILIAN AMAZON BREEDING BREEDING POPULATIONS BURNING CAPTURE RECAPTURE CLIMATE CO CONSERVANCY CONSERVATION CONSERVATION BENEFITS CONSERVATION BIOLOGY CONSERVATION MANAGERS CONSERVATION ORGANIZATIONS CONSERVATION POLICY CONSERVATION PROGRAMS CONSERVATION RESEARCH CONSERVATION SOCIETY CONSERVATION STATUS CRITICAL ECOSYSTEM CRITICAL HABITAT CULTIVATED AREAS CULTURAL CHANGE DEFORESTATION RATES DEGRADED FOREST DETERMINANT DETERMINANTS DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DEVELOPMENT POLICY DRY FORESTS ECOLOGY ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS ECONOMETRIC MODELS ECONOMETRICS ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC DYNAMICS ECONOMIC INCENTIVES ECONOMIC MODELS ECONOMIC RESEARCH ECONOMICS ECOSYSTEM ELASTICITIES ELASTICITY EMISSIONS EMPIRICAL RESEARCH EMPIRICAL STUDIES ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMIST ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION ENVIRONMENTAL STATISTICS EXCHANGE RATES EXOGENOUS VARIABLES EXTINCTIONS FEMALE TIGER FOOD POLICY RESEARCH FORECASTS FOREST FOREST AREA FOREST CARBON FOREST CLEARING FOREST CONSERVATION FOREST COVER FOREST DESTRUCTION FOREST EXTENT FOREST LAND FOREST LANDSCAPE FOREST MONITORING FOREST PRODUCTS FOREST PROTECTION FORESTRY FORESTRY RESEARCH FUTURE RESEARCH GDP GDP DEFLATOR GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT HABITAT AREAS HABITAT CONDITIONS HABITAT CONSERVATION HABITAT DESTRUCTION HABITAT FRAGMENTATION HABITAT LOSS HABITAT QUALITY HABITAT REQUIREMENTS HUMID TROPICAL FOREST ILLEGAL TRADE INCOME INPUT PRICES INTERNATIONAL FORESTRY RESEARCH ISSUES LAND CLEARING LAND ECONOMICS LAND TENURE LAND USE LAND USE CHANGE LAND-USE LAND-USE CHANGE LOCAL FOREST PRODUCTS LOGGING LOGS ABSOLUTE VALUES AGRICULTURAL EXPANSION AGRICULTURAL INTENSIFICATION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURE ALTITUDE AMAZONIAN DEFORESTATION ANIMAL ANIMAL CONSERVATION ARCHIPELAGO BIODIVERSITY BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION BIOGEOGRAPHY BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION BIOLOGY BIOMASS BOUNDARY AREAS BRAZILIAN AMAZON BREEDING BREEDING POPULATIONS BURNING CAPTURE RECAPTURE CLIMATE CO CONSERVANCY CONSERVATION CONSERVATION BENEFITS CONSERVATION BIOLOGY CONSERVATION MANAGERS CONSERVATION ORGANIZATIONS CONSERVATION POLICY CONSERVATION PROGRAMS CONSERVATION RESEARCH CONSERVATION SOCIETY CONSERVATION STATUS CRITICAL ECOSYSTEM CRITICAL HABITAT CULTIVATED AREAS CULTURAL CHANGE DEFORESTATION RATES DEGRADED FOREST DETERMINANT DETERMINANTS DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DEVELOPMENT POLICY DRY FORESTS ECOLOGY ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS ECONOMETRIC MODELS ECONOMETRICS ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC DYNAMICS ECONOMIC INCENTIVES ECONOMIC MODELS ECONOMIC RESEARCH ECONOMICS ECOSYSTEM ELASTICITIES ELASTICITY EMISSIONS EMPIRICAL RESEARCH EMPIRICAL STUDIES ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMIST ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION ENVIRONMENTAL STATISTICS EXCHANGE RATES EXOGENOUS VARIABLES EXTINCTIONS FEMALE TIGER FOOD POLICY RESEARCH FORECASTS FOREST FOREST AREA FOREST CARBON FOREST CLEARING FOREST CONSERVATION FOREST COVER FOREST DESTRUCTION FOREST EXTENT FOREST LAND FOREST LANDSCAPE FOREST MONITORING FOREST PRODUCTS FOREST PROTECTION FORESTRY FORESTRY RESEARCH FUTURE RESEARCH GDP GDP DEFLATOR GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT HABITAT AREAS HABITAT CONDITIONS HABITAT CONSERVATION HABITAT DESTRUCTION HABITAT FRAGMENTATION HABITAT LOSS HABITAT QUALITY HABITAT REQUIREMENTS HUMID TROPICAL FOREST ILLEGAL TRADE INCOME INPUT PRICES INTERNATIONAL FORESTRY RESEARCH ISSUES LAND CLEARING LAND ECONOMICS LAND TENURE LAND USE LAND USE CHANGE LAND-USE LAND-USE CHANGE LOCAL FOREST PRODUCTS LOGGING LOGS Dasgupta, Susmita Hammer, Dan Kraft, Robin Wheeler, David Vyāghranomics in Space and Time : Estimating Habitat Threats for Bengal, Indochinese, Malayan and Sumatran Tigers |
| description |
As the wild tiger population in tropical
Asia dropped from about 100,000 to 3,500 in the last
century, the need to conserve tiger habitats poses a
challenge for the Global Tiger Recovery Program. This paper
develops and uses a high-resolution monthly forest clearing
database for 74 tiger habitat areas in ten countries to
investigate habitat threats for Bengal, Indochinese, Malayan
and Sumatran tigers. The econometric model links forest
habitat loss and forest clearing to profitability
calculations that are affected by market expectations,
environmental conditions and evolving patterns of
settlement, among others. It uses new spatial panel
estimation methods that allow for temporal and spatial
autocorrelation. The econometric results emphasize the role
of short-run market variables, including the exchange rate,
real interest rate and prices of agricultural products in
forest clearing, with considerable variation in the
estimated timing for response and impact elasticities across
countries. The results highlight a critical message for the
conservation policy community: Changes in world
agricultural-product markets and national financial policies
have significant, measurable effects on tropical forest
clearing, with variable time lags and degrees of
responsiveness across countries. Measuring these effects and
pinpointing areas at risk can provide valuable guidance for
policymakers, conservation managers, and donor institutions. |
| topic_facet |
ABSOLUTE VALUES AGRICULTURAL EXPANSION AGRICULTURAL INTENSIFICATION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURE ALTITUDE AMAZONIAN DEFORESTATION ANIMAL ANIMAL CONSERVATION ARCHIPELAGO BIODIVERSITY BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION BIOGEOGRAPHY BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION BIOLOGY BIOMASS BOUNDARY AREAS BRAZILIAN AMAZON BREEDING BREEDING POPULATIONS BURNING CAPTURE RECAPTURE CLIMATE CO CONSERVANCY CONSERVATION CONSERVATION BENEFITS CONSERVATION BIOLOGY CONSERVATION MANAGERS CONSERVATION ORGANIZATIONS CONSERVATION POLICY CONSERVATION PROGRAMS CONSERVATION RESEARCH CONSERVATION SOCIETY CONSERVATION STATUS CRITICAL ECOSYSTEM CRITICAL HABITAT CULTIVATED AREAS CULTURAL CHANGE DEFORESTATION RATES DEGRADED FOREST DETERMINANT DETERMINANTS DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DEVELOPMENT POLICY DRY FORESTS ECOLOGY ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS ECONOMETRIC MODELS ECONOMETRICS ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC DYNAMICS ECONOMIC INCENTIVES ECONOMIC MODELS ECONOMIC RESEARCH ECONOMICS ECOSYSTEM ELASTICITIES ELASTICITY EMISSIONS EMPIRICAL RESEARCH EMPIRICAL STUDIES ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMIST ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION ENVIRONMENTAL STATISTICS EXCHANGE RATES EXOGENOUS VARIABLES EXTINCTIONS FEMALE TIGER FOOD POLICY RESEARCH FORECASTS FOREST FOREST AREA FOREST CARBON FOREST CLEARING FOREST CONSERVATION FOREST COVER FOREST DESTRUCTION FOREST EXTENT FOREST LAND FOREST LANDSCAPE FOREST MONITORING FOREST PRODUCTS FOREST PROTECTION FORESTRY FORESTRY RESEARCH FUTURE RESEARCH GDP GDP DEFLATOR GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT HABITAT AREAS HABITAT CONDITIONS HABITAT CONSERVATION HABITAT DESTRUCTION HABITAT FRAGMENTATION HABITAT LOSS HABITAT QUALITY HABITAT REQUIREMENTS HUMID TROPICAL FOREST ILLEGAL TRADE INCOME INPUT PRICES INTERNATIONAL FORESTRY RESEARCH ISSUES LAND CLEARING LAND ECONOMICS LAND TENURE LAND USE LAND USE CHANGE LAND-USE LAND-USE CHANGE LOCAL FOREST PRODUCTS LOGGING LOGS |
| author |
Dasgupta, Susmita Hammer, Dan Kraft, Robin Wheeler, David |
| author_facet |
Dasgupta, Susmita Hammer, Dan Kraft, Robin Wheeler, David |
| author_sort |
Dasgupta, Susmita |
| title |
Vyāghranomics in Space and Time : Estimating Habitat Threats for Bengal, Indochinese, Malayan and Sumatran Tigers |
| title_short |
Vyāghranomics in Space and Time : Estimating Habitat Threats for Bengal, Indochinese, Malayan and Sumatran Tigers |
| title_full |
Vyāghranomics in Space and Time : Estimating Habitat Threats for Bengal, Indochinese, Malayan and Sumatran Tigers |
| title_fullStr |
Vyāghranomics in Space and Time : Estimating Habitat Threats for Bengal, Indochinese, Malayan and Sumatran Tigers |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Vyāghranomics in Space and Time : Estimating Habitat Threats for Bengal, Indochinese, Malayan and Sumatran Tigers |
| title_sort |
vyāghranomics in space and time : estimating habitat threats for bengal, indochinese, malayan and sumatran tigers |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2012-10 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/10/16797106/vyaghranomics-space-time-estimating-habitat-threats-bengal-indochinese-malayan-sumatran-tigers https://hdl.handle.net/10986/12053 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT dasguptasusmita vyaghranomicsinspaceandtimeestimatinghabitatthreatsforbengalindochinesemalayanandsumatrantigers AT hammerdan vyaghranomicsinspaceandtimeestimatinghabitatthreatsforbengalindochinesemalayanandsumatrantigers AT kraftrobin vyaghranomicsinspaceandtimeestimatinghabitatthreatsforbengalindochinesemalayanandsumatrantigers AT wheelerdavid vyaghranomicsinspaceandtimeestimatinghabitatthreatsforbengalindochinesemalayanandsumatrantigers |
| _version_ |
1807157741901316096 |