A major challenge facing water utilities
in the developing world is reducing water loss caused by
leakage, theft, and improper billing. The difference between
the amount of water put into the distribution system and
that billed to consumers is known as Non-Revenue Water
(NRW). The worldwide cost of NRW is conservatively estimated
at $15 billion/year. More than a third of losses occur in
the developing world, where some 45 million
Bibliographic Details
| Main Authors: |
Kingdom, William D.,
Liemberger, Roland,
Marin, Philippe |
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| Language: | English |
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| Published: |
World Bank, Washington, DC
2008-06
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| Subjects: | ACCESS TO WATER,
ACCESS TO WATER SUPPLY,
CALIBRATION,
CAPACITY BUILDING,
CASH FLOW,
CONNECTIONS,
CONTRACT DESIGN,
CUBIC METER,
DISTRIBUTION NETWORK,
DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM,
FINANCIAL VIABILITY,
FIXED FEE,
INVESTMENT IN WATER SUPPLY,
LEAK DETECTION,
LEAK REPAIRS,
LEAK-DETECTION EQUIPMENT,
LEAKAGE,
METER READING,
METER REPLACEMENT,
METERING,
METROPOLITAN WATERWORKS,
PERFORMANCE CONTRACTS,
PERFORMANCE INDICATORS,
PHYSICAL LOSSES,
PRESSURE MANAGEMENT,
PROGRAMS,
PUBLIC WATER,
PUBLIC WATER UTILITIES,
SANITATION,
SANITATION UTILITIES,
SCARCE WATER,
SCARCE WATER RESOURCES,
SERVICE CONTRACTS,
SUPPLY OF WATER,
USERS,
UTILITY MANAGERS,
UTILITY STAFF,
WATER CONSERVATION,
WATER CRISIS,
WATER LOSS,
WATER LOSSES,
WATER PROJECTS,
WATER RESOURCES,
WATER SAVINGS,
WATER SECTOR,
WATER SHORTAGE,
WATER SUPPLY,
WATER UTILITIES,
WATER UTILITY, |
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2008/06/9676828/reducing-water-loss-developing-countries-using-performance-based-service-contracting
https://hdl.handle.net/10986/11753
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