Per Student Financing in ECA School Systems

By the turn of the century, the decreasing efficiency and deteriorating quality of education systems in Eastern Europe and Central Asia (ECA) had reached a critical point. Many countries were facing serious resource allocation problems in general education. While the region had seen sweeping political, economic and population changes, countries continued to manage schools with traditional and centralized institutions. Budgets were allocated on the basis of past history, even as school age populations declined and moved. Consequently, the region had an excessive number of schools, with very low student and teacher ratios. For example, 47 percent of all schools in Armenia had less than 300 students by 2003, and Lithuania averaged only 12 students per teacher from 2000-2005.

Bibliographic Details

Main Author:	Forgy, Larry
Language:	English
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2009-06
Subjects:	ALLOCATION OF FUNDS, BLOCK GRANTS, CAPITAL COSTS, CAREER, CAREER GUIDANCE, CLASS SIZES, COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT, DECENTRALIZATION, EDUCATION SPENDING, EDUCATION SYSTEMS, EDUCATIONAL INPUTS, EDUCATIONAL OUTPUT, EDUCATIONAL QUALITY, EXAM, FORMULA FUNDING, FUTURE RESEARCH, GENERAL EDUCATION, GRADE TEACHING, LEARNING, LEARNING OUTCOMES, LOCAL SCHOOLS, MIGRANT POPULATIONS, NUMBER OF SCHOOLS, PARENTAL SUPPORT, PRIMARY SCHOOLS, PRIVATE SCHOOLS, PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT, PUBLIC EXPENDITURE, QUALITY EDUCATION, QUALITY OF EDUCATION, QUALITY OF EDUCATION SYSTEMS, QUALITY TEACHERS, RESEARCH AGENDA, RESOURCES FOR EDUCATION, RURAL SCHOOLS, SCHOOL AGE, SCHOOL BUDGETS, SCHOOL COSTS, SCHOOL DROPOUTS, SCHOOL FINANCE, SCHOOL LEAVERS, SCHOOL LEVEL, SCHOOL NETWORKS, SCHOOL OFFICIALS, SCHOOL PRINCIPALS, SCHOOL SYSTEM, SCHOOL SYSTEMS, SCHOOLS, SKILLED TEACHERS, SMALL BUSINESS, SMALL CLASSES, SPECIAL NEEDS, START-UP, STUDENT FINANCE, STUDENT PERFORMANCE, STUDENT POPULATION, STUDENT POPULATIONS, STUDENT TEACHER RATIOS, STUDENTS PER TEACHER, TEACHER, TEACHER PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT, TEACHER RATIOS, TEACHER SALARIES, TEACHERS, TEACHING, TEACHING AIDS, TEACHING STAFF, TEXTBOOKS, UNION,
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2009/06/11137857/student-financing-eca-school-systems https://hdl.handle.net/10986/10250
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