Microbial Decontamination of Bee Pollen by Direct Ozone Exposure
The bee pollen is a complete and healthy food with important nutritional properties. Usually, bee pollen is consumed dehydrated, but it is possible to market it as fresh frozen pollen, favoring the maintenance of its properties and greatly increasing its palatability, compared to dried pollen. However, fresh frozen pollen maintains a high microbiological load that can include some pathogenic genus to human health. In this work, ozonation combined with drying is applied to reduce the microbiological load. The lowest timing exposure to ozone (30 min) was chosen together with hot-air drying during 15 min to evaluate the shelf-life of treated bee-pollen under cold storage (4 & DEG;C), and initial reductions of 3, 1.5, and 1.7 log cycles were obtained for Enterobacteriaceae, mesophilic aerobes, and molds and yeasts counting, respectively. Six weeks after treatment the microbial load was held at a lower level than initially observed in fresh bee-pollen. In addition, ozone treatment did not have a negative impact on the polyphenols evaluated. Likewise, the sensory profile of the bee pollen under different treatments was studied. For all these assays the results have been favorable, so we can say that ozonation of fresh pollen is safe for human consumption, which maintains its polyphenols composition and organoleptically is better valued than dried pollen.
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Format: | artículo biblioteca |
Language: | English |
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Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
2021-11
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Subjects: | Bee pollen, Ozone, Microbial decontamination, Polyphenols, Sensory analysis, |
Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12792/6138 http://hdl.handle.net/10261/289604 |
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dig-inia-es-10261-2896042023-02-16T14:54:46Z Microbial Decontamination of Bee Pollen by Direct Ozone Exposure García Valcárcel, Ana Isabel Hernando Guil, María Dolores Manuel Flores, Jose Rodriguez, Inmaculada Ramon Cabello, Juan Serrano, Salud Bee pollen Ozone Microbial decontamination Polyphenols Sensory analysis The bee pollen is a complete and healthy food with important nutritional properties. Usually, bee pollen is consumed dehydrated, but it is possible to market it as fresh frozen pollen, favoring the maintenance of its properties and greatly increasing its palatability, compared to dried pollen. However, fresh frozen pollen maintains a high microbiological load that can include some pathogenic genus to human health. In this work, ozonation combined with drying is applied to reduce the microbiological load. The lowest timing exposure to ozone (30 min) was chosen together with hot-air drying during 15 min to evaluate the shelf-life of treated bee-pollen under cold storage (4 & DEG;C), and initial reductions of 3, 1.5, and 1.7 log cycles were obtained for Enterobacteriaceae, mesophilic aerobes, and molds and yeasts counting, respectively. Six weeks after treatment the microbial load was held at a lower level than initially observed in fresh bee-pollen. In addition, ozone treatment did not have a negative impact on the polyphenols evaluated. Likewise, the sensory profile of the bee pollen under different treatments was studied. For all these assays the results have been favorable, so we can say that ozonation of fresh pollen is safe for human consumption, which maintains its polyphenols composition and organoleptically is better valued than dried pollen. 2023-02-16T12:22:00Z 2023-02-16T12:22:00Z 2021-11 artículo Foods 10(11): e2593 (2021) http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12792/6138 http://hdl.handle.net/10261/289604 10.3390/foods10112593 en open Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
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Bee pollen Ozone Microbial decontamination Polyphenols Sensory analysis Bee pollen Ozone Microbial decontamination Polyphenols Sensory analysis García Valcárcel, Ana Isabel Hernando Guil, María Dolores Manuel Flores, Jose Rodriguez, Inmaculada Ramon Cabello, Juan Serrano, Salud Microbial Decontamination of Bee Pollen by Direct Ozone Exposure |
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The bee pollen is a complete and healthy food with important nutritional properties. Usually, bee pollen is consumed dehydrated, but it is possible to market it as fresh frozen pollen, favoring the maintenance of its properties and greatly increasing its palatability, compared to dried pollen. However, fresh frozen pollen maintains a high microbiological load that can include some pathogenic genus to human health. In this work, ozonation combined with drying is applied to reduce the microbiological load. The lowest timing exposure to ozone (30 min) was chosen together with hot-air drying during 15 min to evaluate the shelf-life of treated bee-pollen under cold storage (4 & DEG;C), and initial reductions of 3, 1.5, and 1.7 log cycles were obtained for Enterobacteriaceae, mesophilic aerobes, and molds and yeasts counting, respectively. Six weeks after treatment the microbial load was held at a lower level than initially observed in fresh bee-pollen. In addition, ozone treatment did not have a negative impact on the polyphenols evaluated. Likewise, the sensory profile of the bee pollen under different treatments was studied. For all these assays the results have been favorable, so we can say that ozonation of fresh pollen is safe for human consumption, which maintains its polyphenols composition and organoleptically is better valued than dried pollen. |
format |
artículo |
topic_facet |
Bee pollen Ozone Microbial decontamination Polyphenols Sensory analysis |
author |
García Valcárcel, Ana Isabel Hernando Guil, María Dolores Manuel Flores, Jose Rodriguez, Inmaculada Ramon Cabello, Juan Serrano, Salud |
author_facet |
García Valcárcel, Ana Isabel Hernando Guil, María Dolores Manuel Flores, Jose Rodriguez, Inmaculada Ramon Cabello, Juan Serrano, Salud |
author_sort |
García Valcárcel, Ana Isabel |
title |
Microbial Decontamination of Bee Pollen by Direct Ozone Exposure |
title_short |
Microbial Decontamination of Bee Pollen by Direct Ozone Exposure |
title_full |
Microbial Decontamination of Bee Pollen by Direct Ozone Exposure |
title_fullStr |
Microbial Decontamination of Bee Pollen by Direct Ozone Exposure |
title_full_unstemmed |
Microbial Decontamination of Bee Pollen by Direct Ozone Exposure |
title_sort |
microbial decontamination of bee pollen by direct ozone exposure |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2021-11 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12792/6138 http://hdl.handle.net/10261/289604 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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