An insight into the role of biomass, biocompounds and synthetic polymers as additives to coal for the synthesis of carbon foams
Carbon foams were synthesized from blends of coal and several C-containing additives of different nature, with the aim to study their influence on the foaming step, and hence in the final properties of the obtained foams. The additives included biomass and agricultural products, and thermoplastic and thermosetting polymers, at different concentrations, ranging from 5 to 20 wt%. The effects of the additives on pore structure, carbon matrix and thermal properties of the resulting foams were investigated. The presence of additives during pyrolysis had no effect on the yield of carbonaceous product. However, all the additives, except the polybutadiene phenyl terminated (PBP) elastomer, led to a reduction in the fluidity of the blend. This difference in the effect can be related to the liquid nature of PBP, which favors the impregnation of coal particles, to the decomposition pattern overlapping with that of the coal, and to a high chemical affinity of the degradation products of PBP and coal. Analysis of the fluidity development of the blends and the changes in volatile matter production at different temperature intervals showed that bio-type additives with the maximum emission of volatiles in the coal pre-plastic stage provided improvements in the porosity of the C-foams. In contrast, synthetic polymers like low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and PBP generated most of their thermal degradation products during the plastic and the own thermal degradation stages of coal, leading to a reduction in the porosity of the carbon foams. This behavior can be attributed to a blocking of some macropores in the C-foams by deposition, in the pore mouths, of molten LDPE and/or oligomers from its backbone promoted by the conditions applied during the long residence time inside the reactor. The addition of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) resulted in no foam formation. Regardless of the additive, the resulting foams derived from binary blends showed lower thermal conductivity compared to that synthesized from the unmixed coal. The values of thermal conductivity are closely related to the porous and carbon structure displayed by the foams.
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Elsevier
2021-11-01
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Subjects: | Carbon foams, Co-pyrolysis, Fluidity, Porosity, Thermal conductivity, Thermogravimetry, |
Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10261/260417 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100011941 https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85119371036 |
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dig-incar-es-10261-2604172024-05-17T20:48:14Z An insight into the role of biomass, biocompounds and synthetic polymers as additives to coal for the synthesis of carbon foams Rodríguez Vázquez, Elena Díez Díaz-Estébanez, María Antonia Antuña-Nieto, Cristina López Antón, María Antonia García Fernández, Roberto Martínez Tarazona, María Rosa Principado de Asturias Rodríguez Vázquez, Elena [0000-0001-6835-0371] Díez Díaz-Estébanez, María Antonia [0000-0003-4630-0669] López Antón, María Antonia [0000-0001-9330-5775] García Fernández, Roberto [0000-0002-1315-8574] Martínez Tarazona, María Rosa [0000-0002-7331-3134] Carbon foams Co-pyrolysis Fluidity Porosity Thermal conductivity Thermogravimetry Carbon foams were synthesized from blends of coal and several C-containing additives of different nature, with the aim to study their influence on the foaming step, and hence in the final properties of the obtained foams. The additives included biomass and agricultural products, and thermoplastic and thermosetting polymers, at different concentrations, ranging from 5 to 20 wt%. The effects of the additives on pore structure, carbon matrix and thermal properties of the resulting foams were investigated. The presence of additives during pyrolysis had no effect on the yield of carbonaceous product. However, all the additives, except the polybutadiene phenyl terminated (PBP) elastomer, led to a reduction in the fluidity of the blend. This difference in the effect can be related to the liquid nature of PBP, which favors the impregnation of coal particles, to the decomposition pattern overlapping with that of the coal, and to a high chemical affinity of the degradation products of PBP and coal. Analysis of the fluidity development of the blends and the changes in volatile matter production at different temperature intervals showed that bio-type additives with the maximum emission of volatiles in the coal pre-plastic stage provided improvements in the porosity of the C-foams. In contrast, synthetic polymers like low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and PBP generated most of their thermal degradation products during the plastic and the own thermal degradation stages of coal, leading to a reduction in the porosity of the carbon foams. This behavior can be attributed to a blocking of some macropores in the C-foams by deposition, in the pore mouths, of molten LDPE and/or oligomers from its backbone promoted by the conditions applied during the long residence time inside the reactor. The addition of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) resulted in no foam formation. Regardless of the additive, the resulting foams derived from binary blends showed lower thermal conductivity compared to that synthesized from the unmixed coal. The values of thermal conductivity are closely related to the porous and carbon structure displayed by the foams. This work was supported by PCTI Asturias (research project GRUPIN ID2018–000234). Peer reviewed 2022-02-10T09:18:24Z 2022-02-10T09:18:24Z 2021-11-01 artículo http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 160: 105359 (2021) 0165-2370 http://hdl.handle.net/10261/260417 10.1016/j.jaap.2021.105359 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100011941 2-s2.0-85119371036 https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85119371036 en Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis Publisher's version https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2021.105359 Sí open Elsevier |
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Carbon foams Co-pyrolysis Fluidity Porosity Thermal conductivity Thermogravimetry Carbon foams Co-pyrolysis Fluidity Porosity Thermal conductivity Thermogravimetry |
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Carbon foams Co-pyrolysis Fluidity Porosity Thermal conductivity Thermogravimetry Carbon foams Co-pyrolysis Fluidity Porosity Thermal conductivity Thermogravimetry Rodríguez Vázquez, Elena Díez Díaz-Estébanez, María Antonia Antuña-Nieto, Cristina López Antón, María Antonia García Fernández, Roberto Martínez Tarazona, María Rosa An insight into the role of biomass, biocompounds and synthetic polymers as additives to coal for the synthesis of carbon foams |
description |
Carbon foams were synthesized from blends of coal and several C-containing additives of different nature, with the aim to study their influence on the foaming step, and hence in the final properties of the obtained foams. The additives included biomass and agricultural products, and thermoplastic and thermosetting polymers, at different concentrations, ranging from 5 to 20 wt%. The effects of the additives on pore structure, carbon matrix and thermal properties of the resulting foams were investigated. The presence of additives during pyrolysis had no effect on the yield of carbonaceous product. However, all the additives, except the polybutadiene phenyl terminated (PBP) elastomer, led to a reduction in the fluidity of the blend. This difference in the effect can be related to the liquid nature of PBP, which favors the impregnation of coal particles, to the decomposition pattern overlapping with that of the coal, and to a high chemical affinity of the degradation products of PBP and coal. Analysis of the fluidity development of the blends and the changes in volatile matter production at different temperature intervals showed that bio-type additives with the maximum emission of volatiles in the coal pre-plastic stage provided improvements in the porosity of the C-foams. In contrast, synthetic polymers like low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and PBP generated most of their thermal degradation products during the plastic and the own thermal degradation stages of coal, leading to a reduction in the porosity of the carbon foams. This behavior can be attributed to a blocking of some macropores in the C-foams by deposition, in the pore mouths, of molten LDPE and/or oligomers from its backbone promoted by the conditions applied during the long residence time inside the reactor. The addition of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) resulted in no foam formation. Regardless of the additive, the resulting foams derived from binary blends showed lower thermal conductivity compared to that synthesized from the unmixed coal. The values of thermal conductivity are closely related to the porous and carbon structure displayed by the foams. |
author2 |
Principado de Asturias |
author_facet |
Principado de Asturias Rodríguez Vázquez, Elena Díez Díaz-Estébanez, María Antonia Antuña-Nieto, Cristina López Antón, María Antonia García Fernández, Roberto Martínez Tarazona, María Rosa |
format |
artículo |
topic_facet |
Carbon foams Co-pyrolysis Fluidity Porosity Thermal conductivity Thermogravimetry |
author |
Rodríguez Vázquez, Elena Díez Díaz-Estébanez, María Antonia Antuña-Nieto, Cristina López Antón, María Antonia García Fernández, Roberto Martínez Tarazona, María Rosa |
author_sort |
Rodríguez Vázquez, Elena |
title |
An insight into the role of biomass, biocompounds and synthetic polymers as additives to coal for the synthesis of carbon foams |
title_short |
An insight into the role of biomass, biocompounds and synthetic polymers as additives to coal for the synthesis of carbon foams |
title_full |
An insight into the role of biomass, biocompounds and synthetic polymers as additives to coal for the synthesis of carbon foams |
title_fullStr |
An insight into the role of biomass, biocompounds and synthetic polymers as additives to coal for the synthesis of carbon foams |
title_full_unstemmed |
An insight into the role of biomass, biocompounds and synthetic polymers as additives to coal for the synthesis of carbon foams |
title_sort |
insight into the role of biomass, biocompounds and synthetic polymers as additives to coal for the synthesis of carbon foams |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2021-11-01 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10261/260417 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100011941 https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85119371036 |
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