Diurnal Variability of Persistent Organic Pollutants in the Atmosphere over the Remote Southern Atlantic Ocean
A diel (24-h) cycle with daytime atmospheric concentrations higher than nighttime concentrations by a factor of 1.5–3 was observed for several low molecular weight polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in remote areas of the tropical South Atlantic during a cruise in October–November 2005. In contrast, high molecular weight PCBs and PAHs did not display diurnal variability. A model which has successfully explained diel variability of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) over land could not reproduce the observed diel cycle by considering variability in temperature, atmospheric OH radical concentrations, atmospheric boundary layer height and wind speed as causal factors. We used the model to conduct two bounding scenarios to explore the possibility that phytoplankton biomass turn-over in the surface ocean drives the observed variability in air concentrations. The model could only qualitatively reproduce the field observations of diel variability for low chlorinated PCB congeners when the ocean acts as a source of pollutants to the atmosphere, and when variability in biomass drives variability in the capacity of the surface ocean.
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Format: | artículo biblioteca |
Language: | English |
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Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
2014-08-22
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Subjects: | persistent organic pollutants (POPs), diurnal cycle, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), South Atlantic, |
Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10261/130926 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010029 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003339 |
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dig-idaea-es-10261-1309262017-10-10T10:09:00Z Diurnal Variability of Persistent Organic Pollutants in the Atmosphere over the Remote Southern Atlantic Ocean Gioia, Rosalinda MacLeod, Matthew Castro-Jiménez, Javier Nizzeto, Luca Dachs, Jordi Lohmann, Rainer Jones, Kevin C. Lancaster University Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España) persistent organic pollutants (POPs) diurnal cycle polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) South Atlantic A diel (24-h) cycle with daytime atmospheric concentrations higher than nighttime concentrations by a factor of 1.5–3 was observed for several low molecular weight polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in remote areas of the tropical South Atlantic during a cruise in October–November 2005. In contrast, high molecular weight PCBs and PAHs did not display diurnal variability. A model which has successfully explained diel variability of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) over land could not reproduce the observed diel cycle by considering variability in temperature, atmospheric OH radical concentrations, atmospheric boundary layer height and wind speed as causal factors. We used the model to conduct two bounding scenarios to explore the possibility that phytoplankton biomass turn-over in the surface ocean drives the observed variability in air concentrations. The model could only qualitatively reproduce the field observations of diel variability for low chlorinated PCB congeners when the ocean acts as a source of pollutants to the atmosphere, and when variability in biomass drives variability in the capacity of the surface ocean. We gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Department of the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) on POPs at Lancaster University. We acknowledge support by the CSIC Open Access Publication Initiative through its Unit of Information Resources for Research (URICI) Peer reviewed 2016-04-11T07:04:53Z 2016-04-11T07:04:53Z 2014-08-22 artículo http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 Atmosphere 5(3): 622-634 (2014) 2073-4433 http://hdl.handle.net/10261/130926 10.3390/atmos5030622 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010029 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003339 en Publisher's version http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos5030622 Sí open Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
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persistent organic pollutants (POPs) diurnal cycle polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) South Atlantic persistent organic pollutants (POPs) diurnal cycle polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) South Atlantic |
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persistent organic pollutants (POPs) diurnal cycle polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) South Atlantic persistent organic pollutants (POPs) diurnal cycle polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) South Atlantic Gioia, Rosalinda MacLeod, Matthew Castro-Jiménez, Javier Nizzeto, Luca Dachs, Jordi Lohmann, Rainer Jones, Kevin C. Diurnal Variability of Persistent Organic Pollutants in the Atmosphere over the Remote Southern Atlantic Ocean |
description |
A diel (24-h) cycle with daytime atmospheric concentrations higher than nighttime concentrations by a factor of 1.5–3 was observed for several low molecular weight polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in remote areas of the tropical South Atlantic during a cruise in October–November 2005. In contrast, high molecular weight PCBs and PAHs did not display diurnal variability. A model which has successfully explained diel variability of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) over land could not reproduce the observed diel cycle by considering variability in temperature, atmospheric OH radical concentrations, atmospheric boundary layer height and wind speed as causal factors. We used the model to conduct two bounding scenarios to explore the possibility that phytoplankton biomass turn-over in the surface ocean drives the observed variability in air concentrations. The model could only qualitatively reproduce the field observations of diel variability for low chlorinated PCB congeners when the ocean acts as a source of pollutants to the atmosphere, and when variability in biomass drives variability in the capacity of the surface ocean. |
author2 |
Lancaster University |
author_facet |
Lancaster University Gioia, Rosalinda MacLeod, Matthew Castro-Jiménez, Javier Nizzeto, Luca Dachs, Jordi Lohmann, Rainer Jones, Kevin C. |
format |
artículo |
topic_facet |
persistent organic pollutants (POPs) diurnal cycle polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) South Atlantic |
author |
Gioia, Rosalinda MacLeod, Matthew Castro-Jiménez, Javier Nizzeto, Luca Dachs, Jordi Lohmann, Rainer Jones, Kevin C. |
author_sort |
Gioia, Rosalinda |
title |
Diurnal Variability of Persistent Organic Pollutants in the Atmosphere over the Remote Southern Atlantic Ocean |
title_short |
Diurnal Variability of Persistent Organic Pollutants in the Atmosphere over the Remote Southern Atlantic Ocean |
title_full |
Diurnal Variability of Persistent Organic Pollutants in the Atmosphere over the Remote Southern Atlantic Ocean |
title_fullStr |
Diurnal Variability of Persistent Organic Pollutants in the Atmosphere over the Remote Southern Atlantic Ocean |
title_full_unstemmed |
Diurnal Variability of Persistent Organic Pollutants in the Atmosphere over the Remote Southern Atlantic Ocean |
title_sort |
diurnal variability of persistent organic pollutants in the atmosphere over the remote southern atlantic ocean |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2014-08-22 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10261/130926 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010029 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003339 |
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