Concerted changes in N and C primary metabolism in alfalfa (Medicago sativa) under water restriction
Although the mechanisms of nodule N2 fixation in legumes are now well documented, some uncertainty remains on the metabolic consequences of water deficit. In most cases, little consideration is given to other organs and, therefore, the coordinated changes in metabolism in leaves, roots, and nodules are not well known. Here, the effect of water restriction on exclusively N2-fixing alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) plants was investigated, and proteomic, metabolomic, and physiological analyses were carried out. It is shown that the inhibition of nitrogenase activity caused by water restriction was accompanied by concerted alterations in metabolic pathways in nodules, leaves, and roots. The data suggest that nodule metabolism and metabolic exchange between plant organs nearly reached homeostasis in asparagine synthesis and partitioning, as well as the N demand from leaves. Typically, there was (i) a stimulation of the anaplerotic pathway to sustain the provision of C skeletons for amino acid (e.g. glutamate and proline) synthesis; (ii) re-allocation of glycolytic products to alanine and serine/glycine; and (iii) subtle changes in redox metabolites suggesting the implication of a slight oxidative stress. Furthermore, water restriction caused little change in both photosynthetic efficiency and respiratory cost of N2 fixation by nodules. In other words, the results suggest that under water stress, nodule metabolism follows a compromise between physiological imperatives (N demand, oxidative stress) and the lower input to sustain catabolism.
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Language: | English |
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Oxford University Press
2013
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Subjects: | Alfalfa, Metabolomic, Proteomic, Drought, Nodule, C/N, |
Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10261/94096 |
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dig-idab-es-10261-940962021-11-22T13:12:10Z Concerted changes in N and C primary metabolism in alfalfa (Medicago sativa) under water restriction Aranjuelo, Iker Tcherkez, Guillaume Molero Milán, Gemma Gilard, Françoise Avice, Jean Christophe Nogués, Salvador Alfalfa Metabolomic Proteomic Drought Nodule C/N Although the mechanisms of nodule N2 fixation in legumes are now well documented, some uncertainty remains on the metabolic consequences of water deficit. In most cases, little consideration is given to other organs and, therefore, the coordinated changes in metabolism in leaves, roots, and nodules are not well known. Here, the effect of water restriction on exclusively N2-fixing alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) plants was investigated, and proteomic, metabolomic, and physiological analyses were carried out. It is shown that the inhibition of nitrogenase activity caused by water restriction was accompanied by concerted alterations in metabolic pathways in nodules, leaves, and roots. The data suggest that nodule metabolism and metabolic exchange between plant organs nearly reached homeostasis in asparagine synthesis and partitioning, as well as the N demand from leaves. Typically, there was (i) a stimulation of the anaplerotic pathway to sustain the provision of C skeletons for amino acid (e.g. glutamate and proline) synthesis; (ii) re-allocation of glycolytic products to alanine and serine/glycine; and (iii) subtle changes in redox metabolites suggesting the implication of a slight oxidative stress. Furthermore, water restriction caused little change in both photosynthetic efficiency and respiratory cost of N2 fixation by nodules. In other words, the results suggest that under water stress, nodule metabolism follows a compromise between physiological imperatives (N demand, oxidative stress) and the lower input to sustain catabolism. This study was supported in part by European research projects PERMED and OPTIMA and the Spanish Ministry of Science and Technology PALEOISOCROP (CGL2009-13079-C02). IA was the recipient of a Ramón y Cajal contract sponsored by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness. Spanish Ministry of Science and Technology Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness Peer reviewed 2014-03-24T11:34:49Z 2014-03-24T11:34:49Z 2013 artículo http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 Journal of Experimental Botany 64(4): 885-897 (2013) 0022-0957 http://hdl.handle.net/10261/94096 10.1093/jxb/ers367 1460-2431 23440170 en http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ers367 none Oxford University Press |
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Alfalfa Metabolomic Proteomic Drought Nodule C/N Alfalfa Metabolomic Proteomic Drought Nodule C/N |
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Alfalfa Metabolomic Proteomic Drought Nodule C/N Alfalfa Metabolomic Proteomic Drought Nodule C/N Aranjuelo, Iker Tcherkez, Guillaume Molero Milán, Gemma Gilard, Françoise Avice, Jean Christophe Nogués, Salvador Concerted changes in N and C primary metabolism in alfalfa (Medicago sativa) under water restriction |
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Although the mechanisms of nodule N2 fixation in legumes are now well documented, some uncertainty remains on the metabolic consequences of water deficit. In most cases, little consideration is given to other organs and, therefore, the coordinated changes in metabolism in leaves, roots, and nodules are not well known. Here, the effect of water restriction on exclusively N2-fixing alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) plants was investigated, and proteomic, metabolomic, and physiological analyses were carried out. It is shown that the inhibition of nitrogenase activity caused by water restriction was accompanied by concerted alterations in metabolic pathways in nodules, leaves, and roots. The data suggest that nodule metabolism and metabolic exchange between plant organs nearly reached homeostasis in asparagine synthesis and partitioning, as well as the N demand from leaves. Typically, there was (i) a stimulation of the anaplerotic pathway to sustain the provision of C skeletons for amino acid (e.g. glutamate and proline) synthesis; (ii) re-allocation of glycolytic products to alanine and serine/glycine; and (iii) subtle changes in redox metabolites suggesting the implication of a slight oxidative stress. Furthermore, water restriction caused little change in both photosynthetic efficiency and respiratory cost of N2 fixation by nodules. In other words, the results suggest that under water stress, nodule metabolism follows a compromise between physiological imperatives (N demand, oxidative stress) and the lower input to sustain catabolism. |
format |
artículo |
topic_facet |
Alfalfa Metabolomic Proteomic Drought Nodule C/N |
author |
Aranjuelo, Iker Tcherkez, Guillaume Molero Milán, Gemma Gilard, Françoise Avice, Jean Christophe Nogués, Salvador |
author_facet |
Aranjuelo, Iker Tcherkez, Guillaume Molero Milán, Gemma Gilard, Françoise Avice, Jean Christophe Nogués, Salvador |
author_sort |
Aranjuelo, Iker |
title |
Concerted changes in N and C primary metabolism in alfalfa (Medicago sativa) under water restriction |
title_short |
Concerted changes in N and C primary metabolism in alfalfa (Medicago sativa) under water restriction |
title_full |
Concerted changes in N and C primary metabolism in alfalfa (Medicago sativa) under water restriction |
title_fullStr |
Concerted changes in N and C primary metabolism in alfalfa (Medicago sativa) under water restriction |
title_full_unstemmed |
Concerted changes in N and C primary metabolism in alfalfa (Medicago sativa) under water restriction |
title_sort |
concerted changes in n and c primary metabolism in alfalfa (medicago sativa) under water restriction |
publisher |
Oxford University Press |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10261/94096 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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