Ecosystem function and particle flux dynamics across the Mackenzie Shelf (Beaufort Sea, Arctic Ocean): an integrative analysis of spatial variability and biophysical forcings
A. Forest et al. -- 78 pages, 18 figures, 6 tables
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European Geosciences Union
2012-08
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A. Forest et al. -- 78 pages, 18 figures, 6 tables |
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artículo |
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Forest, Alexandre Ortega-Retuerta, E. Martín, Jacobo |
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Forest, Alexandre Ortega-Retuerta, E. Martín, Jacobo Ecosystem function and particle flux dynamics across the Mackenzie Shelf (Beaufort Sea, Arctic Ocean): an integrative analysis of spatial variability and biophysical forcings |
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Forest, Alexandre Ortega-Retuerta, E. Martín, Jacobo |
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Forest, Alexandre |
| title |
Ecosystem function and particle flux dynamics across the Mackenzie Shelf (Beaufort Sea, Arctic Ocean): an integrative analysis of spatial variability and biophysical forcings |
| title_short |
Ecosystem function and particle flux dynamics across the Mackenzie Shelf (Beaufort Sea, Arctic Ocean): an integrative analysis of spatial variability and biophysical forcings |
| title_full |
Ecosystem function and particle flux dynamics across the Mackenzie Shelf (Beaufort Sea, Arctic Ocean): an integrative analysis of spatial variability and biophysical forcings |
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Ecosystem function and particle flux dynamics across the Mackenzie Shelf (Beaufort Sea, Arctic Ocean): an integrative analysis of spatial variability and biophysical forcings |
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Ecosystem function and particle flux dynamics across the Mackenzie Shelf (Beaufort Sea, Arctic Ocean): an integrative analysis of spatial variability and biophysical forcings |
| title_sort |
ecosystem function and particle flux dynamics across the mackenzie shelf (beaufort sea, arctic ocean): an integrative analysis of spatial variability and biophysical forcings |
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European Geosciences Union |
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2012-08 |
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http://hdl.handle.net/10261/63056 |
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AT forestalexandre ecosystemfunctionandparticlefluxdynamicsacrossthemackenzieshelfbeaufortseaarcticoceananintegrativeanalysisofspatialvariabilityandbiophysicalforcings AT ortegaretuertae ecosystemfunctionandparticlefluxdynamicsacrossthemackenzieshelfbeaufortseaarcticoceananintegrativeanalysisofspatialvariabilityandbiophysicalforcings AT martinjacobo ecosystemfunctionandparticlefluxdynamicsacrossthemackenzieshelfbeaufortseaarcticoceananintegrativeanalysisofspatialvariabilityandbiophysicalforcings |
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1777665878587867136 |
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dig-icm-es-10261-630562020-11-19T10:57:25Z Ecosystem function and particle flux dynamics across the Mackenzie Shelf (Beaufort Sea, Arctic Ocean): an integrative analysis of spatial variability and biophysical forcings Forest, Alexandre Ortega-Retuerta, E. Martín, Jacobo A. Forest et al. -- 78 pages, 18 figures, 6 tables A better understanding of how environmental changes affect organic matter fluxes in Arctic marine ecosystems is sorely needed. Here, we combine mooring times-series, ship-based measurements and remote-sensing to assess the variability and forcing factors of vertical fluxes of particulate organic carbon (POC) across the Mackenzie Shelf in 2009. We developed a geospatial model of these fluxes to proceed to an integrative analysis of their biophysical determinants in summer. Flux data were obtained with sediment traps and via a regional empirical algorithm applied to particle size-distributions (17 classes from 0.08–4.2 mm) measured by an Underwater Vision Profiler 5. Redundancy analyses and forward selection of abiotic/biotic parameters, linear trends, and spatial structures (i.e. principal coordinates of neighbor matrices, PCNM), were conducted to partition the variation of POC flux size-classes. Flux variability was explained at 69.5 % by the addition of a linear temporal trend, 7 significant PCNM and 9 biophysical variables. The interaction of all these factors explained 27.8 % of the variability. The first PCNM canonical axis (44.4 % of spatial variance) reflected a shelf-basin gradient controlled by bottom depth and ice concentration (p < 0.01), but a complex assemblage of fine-to-broad scale patterns was also identified. Among biophysical parameters, bacterial production and northeasterly wind (upwelling-favorable) were the two strongest explanatory variables (r2 cum. = 0.37), suggesting that bacteria were associated with sinking material, which was itself partly linked to upwelling-induced productivity. The second most important spatial structure corresponded actually to the two areas where shelf break upwelling is known to occur under easterlies. Copepod biomass was negatively correlated (p < 0.05) with vertical POC fluxes, implying that metazoans played a significant role in the regulation of export fluxes. The low fractal dimension of settling particles (1.26) and the high contribution (~94 %) of fast-sinking small aggregates (<1 mm; 20–30 m d−1) to the mass fluxes suggested that settling material across the region was overall fluffy, porous, and likely resulting from the aggregation of marine detritus, gel-like substances and ballast minerals. Our study demonstrates that vertical POC fluxes in Arctic shelf systems are spatially complex, sensitive to environmental forcings, and determined by both physicochemical mechanisms and food web functioning. In conclusion, we hypothesize that the incorporation of terrestrial matter into the Beaufort Sea food web could be catalyzed by bacteria via the incorporation of dissolved terrestrial carbon liberated through the photo-cleavage and/or hydrolysis of land-derived POC interweaved with marine aggregates This work would not have been possible without the professional and enthusiastic assistance of the officers and crew members of the CCGS Amundsen. We express gratitude to L. Prieur and C. Marec for their help in the deployment of the CTD-rosette and for the onboard processing of UVP5 data. We thank J. Martin, J. Gagnon, A. Mignot and M. Gosselin for sharing the chlorophyll data in order to post-calibrate the fluorometer. 5 We thank P. Guillot for the validation of physical data. We thank M. Fortier, K. L´evesque and J. Ehn for the organization of the fieldwork, workshops and for support at sea. This study was conducted as part of the Malina Scientific Program funded by ANR (Agence nationale de la recherche), INSU-CNRS (Institut national des sciences de l’univers – Centre national de la recherche scientifique), CNES (Centre national d’e´tudes spatiales) and ESA (European Space Agency). Additional support from ArcticNet (a Network of Centres of Excellence of Canada) and from the ArcticNet-Imperial Oil Research Collaboration was welcomed and appreciated. The IAEA is grateful to the Government of the Principality of Monaco for the support provided to its Environment Laboratories. This work is a joint contribution to the Malina Project and to the research 15 programs of Que´bec-Oce´an, ArcticNet, the Takuvik Joint U. Laval/CNRS Laboratory, the Arctic in Rapid Transition (ART) Initiative, to the Canada Research Chair on the Response of Marine Arctic Ecosystems to ClimateWarming, and to the Canada Excellence Research Chair (CERC) in Remote Sensing of Canada’s New Arctic Frontier Peer reviewed 2012-12-17T12:31:09Z 2012-12-17T12:31:09Z 2012-08 artículo http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 Biogeosciences Discussions 9: 10883-10960 (2012) 1810-6277 http://hdl.handle.net/10261/63056 10.5194/bgd-9-10883-2012 1810-6285 en https://doi.org/10.5194/bgd-9-10883-2012 open European Geosciences Union |