Beyond survival experiments: Using biomarkers of oxidative stress and neurotoxicity to assess vulnerability of subterranean fauna to climate change
Accurate assessments of species vulnerability to climate change need to consider the physiological capacity of organisms to deal with temperature changes and identify early signs of thermally induced stress. Oxidative stress biomarkers and acetylcholinesterase activity are useful proxies of stress at the cellular and nervous system level. Such responses are especially relevant for poor dispersal organisms with limited capacity for behavioural thermoregulation, like deep subterranean species. We combined experimental measurements of upper lethal thermal limits, acclimation capacity and biomarkers of oxidative stress and neurotoxicity to assess the impact of heat stress (20°C) at different exposure times (2 and 7 days) on the Iberian endemic subterranean beetle Parvospeonomus canyellesi. Survival response (7 days of exposure) was similar to that reported for other subterranean specialist beetles (high survival up to 20°C but no above 23°C). However, a low physiological plasticity (i.e. incapacity to increase heat tolerance via acclimation) and signs of impairment at the cellular and nervous system level were observed after 7 days of exposure at 20°C. Such sublethal effects were identified by significant differences in total antioxidant capacity, glutathione S-transferase activity, the ratio of reduced to oxidized forms of glutathione and acetylcholinesterase activity between the control (cave temperature) and 20°C treatment. At 2 days of exposure, most biomarker values indicated some degree of oxidative stress in both the control and higherature treatment, likely reflecting an initial altered physiological status associated to factors other than temperature. Considering these integrated responses and the predicted increase in temperature in its unique locality, P. canyellesi would have a narrower thermal safety margin to face climate change than that obtained considering only survival experiments. Our results highlight the importance of exploring thermally sensitive processes at different levels of biological organization to obtain more accurate estimates of the species capacity to face climate change.
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Oxford University Press
2020-09-08
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Subjects: | Conservation physiology, Cave beetles, Poor dispersal species, Antioxidant biomarkers, Thermal tolerance, Acethylcolinesterase, |
Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10261/236165 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100007801 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003329 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004687 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100009569 |
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dig-ibe-es-10261-2361652021-03-27T02:12:18Z Beyond survival experiments: Using biomarkers of oxidative stress and neurotoxicity to assess vulnerability of subterranean fauna to climate change Pallarés, Susana Sánchez-Hernández, Juan C. Colado, Raquel Balart-Garciá, Pau Comas, Jordi Sánchez-Fernández, David Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España) Fundación Séneca Gobierno de la Región de Murcia Universidad de Murcia Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España) Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España) Conservation physiology Cave beetles Poor dispersal species Antioxidant biomarkers Thermal tolerance Acethylcolinesterase Accurate assessments of species vulnerability to climate change need to consider the physiological capacity of organisms to deal with temperature changes and identify early signs of thermally induced stress. Oxidative stress biomarkers and acetylcholinesterase activity are useful proxies of stress at the cellular and nervous system level. Such responses are especially relevant for poor dispersal organisms with limited capacity for behavioural thermoregulation, like deep subterranean species. We combined experimental measurements of upper lethal thermal limits, acclimation capacity and biomarkers of oxidative stress and neurotoxicity to assess the impact of heat stress (20°C) at different exposure times (2 and 7 days) on the Iberian endemic subterranean beetle Parvospeonomus canyellesi. Survival response (7 days of exposure) was similar to that reported for other subterranean specialist beetles (high survival up to 20°C but no above 23°C). However, a low physiological plasticity (i.e. incapacity to increase heat tolerance via acclimation) and signs of impairment at the cellular and nervous system level were observed after 7 days of exposure at 20°C. Such sublethal effects were identified by significant differences in total antioxidant capacity, glutathione S-transferase activity, the ratio of reduced to oxidized forms of glutathione and acetylcholinesterase activity between the control (cave temperature) and 20°C treatment. At 2 days of exposure, most biomarker values indicated some degree of oxidative stress in both the control and higherature treatment, likely reflecting an initial altered physiological status associated to factors other than temperature. Considering these integrated responses and the predicted increase in temperature in its unique locality, P. canyellesi would have a narrower thermal safety margin to face climate change than that obtained considering only survival experiments. Our results highlight the importance of exploring thermally sensitive processes at different levels of biological organization to obtain more accurate estimates of the species capacity to face climate change. This work was supported by the Agencia Estatal de Investigación (Spain), the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and the European Regional Development Fund [project CGL2016-76995-P]. S.P. is funded by a postdoctoral grant from Fundación Seneca - Agencia de Ciencia y Tecnología de la Región de Murcia (Spain), D.S-F is funded by a postdoctoral grant from the University of Murcia (Spain) and R.C. and P.B-G are funded by predoctoral grants from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities 2021-03-26T13:00:34Z 2021-03-26T13:00:34Z 2020-09-08 2021-03-26T13:00:34Z artículo http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 doi: 10.1093/conphys/coaa067 e-issn: 2051-1434 Conservation Physiology 8(1): coaa067 (2020) http://hdl.handle.net/10261/236165 10.1093/conphys/coaa067 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100007801 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003329 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004687 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100009569 #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE# info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2013-2016/CGL2016-76995-P Publisher's version http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/conphys/coaa067 Sí open Oxford University Press |
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Conservation physiology Cave beetles Poor dispersal species Antioxidant biomarkers Thermal tolerance Acethylcolinesterase Conservation physiology Cave beetles Poor dispersal species Antioxidant biomarkers Thermal tolerance Acethylcolinesterase |
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Conservation physiology Cave beetles Poor dispersal species Antioxidant biomarkers Thermal tolerance Acethylcolinesterase Conservation physiology Cave beetles Poor dispersal species Antioxidant biomarkers Thermal tolerance Acethylcolinesterase Pallarés, Susana Sánchez-Hernández, Juan C. Colado, Raquel Balart-Garciá, Pau Comas, Jordi Sánchez-Fernández, David Beyond survival experiments: Using biomarkers of oxidative stress and neurotoxicity to assess vulnerability of subterranean fauna to climate change |
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Accurate assessments of species vulnerability to climate change need to consider the physiological capacity of organisms to deal with temperature changes and identify early signs of thermally induced stress. Oxidative stress biomarkers and acetylcholinesterase activity are useful proxies of stress at the cellular and nervous system level. Such responses are especially relevant for poor dispersal organisms with limited capacity for behavioural thermoregulation, like deep subterranean species. We combined experimental measurements of upper lethal thermal limits, acclimation capacity and biomarkers of oxidative stress and neurotoxicity to assess the impact of heat stress (20°C) at different exposure times (2 and 7 days) on the Iberian endemic subterranean beetle Parvospeonomus canyellesi. Survival response (7 days of exposure) was similar to that reported for other subterranean specialist beetles (high survival up to 20°C but no above 23°C). However, a low physiological plasticity (i.e. incapacity to increase heat tolerance via acclimation) and signs of impairment at the cellular and nervous system level were observed after 7 days of exposure at 20°C. Such sublethal effects were identified by significant differences in total antioxidant capacity, glutathione S-transferase activity, the ratio of reduced to oxidized forms of glutathione and acetylcholinesterase activity between the control (cave temperature) and 20°C treatment. At 2 days of exposure, most biomarker values indicated some degree of oxidative stress in both the control and higherature treatment, likely reflecting an initial altered physiological status associated to factors other than temperature. Considering these integrated responses and the predicted increase in temperature in its unique locality, P. canyellesi would have a narrower thermal safety margin to face climate change than that obtained considering only survival experiments. Our results highlight the importance of exploring thermally sensitive processes at different levels of biological organization to obtain more accurate estimates of the species capacity to face climate change. |
author2 |
Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España) |
author_facet |
Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España) Pallarés, Susana Sánchez-Hernández, Juan C. Colado, Raquel Balart-Garciá, Pau Comas, Jordi Sánchez-Fernández, David |
format |
artículo |
topic_facet |
Conservation physiology Cave beetles Poor dispersal species Antioxidant biomarkers Thermal tolerance Acethylcolinesterase |
author |
Pallarés, Susana Sánchez-Hernández, Juan C. Colado, Raquel Balart-Garciá, Pau Comas, Jordi Sánchez-Fernández, David |
author_sort |
Pallarés, Susana |
title |
Beyond survival experiments: Using biomarkers of oxidative stress and neurotoxicity to assess vulnerability of subterranean fauna to climate change |
title_short |
Beyond survival experiments: Using biomarkers of oxidative stress and neurotoxicity to assess vulnerability of subterranean fauna to climate change |
title_full |
Beyond survival experiments: Using biomarkers of oxidative stress and neurotoxicity to assess vulnerability of subterranean fauna to climate change |
title_fullStr |
Beyond survival experiments: Using biomarkers of oxidative stress and neurotoxicity to assess vulnerability of subterranean fauna to climate change |
title_full_unstemmed |
Beyond survival experiments: Using biomarkers of oxidative stress and neurotoxicity to assess vulnerability of subterranean fauna to climate change |
title_sort |
beyond survival experiments: using biomarkers of oxidative stress and neurotoxicity to assess vulnerability of subterranean fauna to climate change |
publisher |
Oxford University Press |
publishDate |
2020-09-08 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10261/236165 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100007801 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003329 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004687 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100009569 |
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