Impact of dietary fiber and fat on gut microbiota re-modeling and metabolic health
Background: Scientific evidence suggests that diet plays a role in obesity and its comorbidities, partly via its interactions with the individual's gut microbiota. Likewise, the individual's microbiota influences the efficacy of dietary interventions to reduce body weight. However, we require a better understanding of the key components of the gut microbiota that are responsive to specific diets and of their effects on energy balance in order to use this information in practice. Scope and approach: This review provides an up-to-date description of the influence of dietary fibers and fat on gut microbiota and the mechanisms presumably mediating their effects on metabolic health. We also discuss the main knowledge gaps and the need to gain greater understanding of the role of diet-microbe interactions in obesity and the associated comorbidities. Key findings and conclusions: Dietary fibers are major drivers of gut microbiota composition and function, stimulating the dominance of bacteria able to utilize these substrates as energy source, although effects vary depending on both the type of fiber and the individual's microbiota. However, the key bacteria and the primary and secondary metabolic pathways mediating specific fiber-induced effects on the metabolic phenotype remain unclear, and this information is necessary to personalize fiber-based interventions. The literature also shows that gut microbiota contributes to the adverse consequences of high-fat diets on the metabolic phenotype; however, little is known about the effects of dietary fat type. Further progress is expected from translational approaches integrating controlled dietary intervention human trials, combining functional omics technologies and physiological/clinical endpoints, and mechanistic studies in experimental models. This will ultimately help us to progress towards establishing informed microbiome-based dietary recommendations and interventions, which can contribute to tackling the obesity epidemic and its comorbidities.
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Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2016-12-05
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Subjects: | Gut microbiota, Microbiome, Fiber, Fat, Diet-related diseases, Obesity, |
Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10261/158145 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000780 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003350 |
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dig-iata-es-10261-1581452020-05-26T07:31:26Z Impact of dietary fiber and fat on gut microbiota re-modeling and metabolic health Benítez-Páez, Alfonso Gómez del Pulgar, Eva M. Kjølbæk, Louise Brahe, Lena Kirchner Astrup, Arne Larsen, LesliHingstrup Sanz Herranz, Yolanda European Commission Fundación Mapfre Gut microbiota Microbiome Fiber Fat Diet-related diseases Obesity Background: Scientific evidence suggests that diet plays a role in obesity and its comorbidities, partly via its interactions with the individual's gut microbiota. Likewise, the individual's microbiota influences the efficacy of dietary interventions to reduce body weight. However, we require a better understanding of the key components of the gut microbiota that are responsive to specific diets and of their effects on energy balance in order to use this information in practice. Scope and approach: This review provides an up-to-date description of the influence of dietary fibers and fat on gut microbiota and the mechanisms presumably mediating their effects on metabolic health. We also discuss the main knowledge gaps and the need to gain greater understanding of the role of diet-microbe interactions in obesity and the associated comorbidities. Key findings and conclusions: Dietary fibers are major drivers of gut microbiota composition and function, stimulating the dominance of bacteria able to utilize these substrates as energy source, although effects vary depending on both the type of fiber and the individual's microbiota. However, the key bacteria and the primary and secondary metabolic pathways mediating specific fiber-induced effects on the metabolic phenotype remain unclear, and this information is necessary to personalize fiber-based interventions. The literature also shows that gut microbiota contributes to the adverse consequences of high-fat diets on the metabolic phenotype; however, little is known about the effects of dietary fat type. Further progress is expected from translational approaches integrating controlled dietary intervention human trials, combining functional omics technologies and physiological/clinical endpoints, and mechanistic studies in experimental models. This will ultimately help us to progress towards establishing informed microbiome-based dietary recommendations and interventions, which can contribute to tackling the obesity epidemic and its comorbidities. This works was supported by the European Union's Seventh Framework Program under the grant agreement no 613979 (MyNewGut) and by FUNDACION MAPFRE under grant ″Hernando de Larramendi″ call 2014. Peer reviewed 2017-12-13T10:18:41Z 2017-12-13T10:18:41Z 2016-12-05 artículo http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 Trends in Food Science and Technology 57: 201-212 (2016) 0924-2244 http://hdl.handle.net/10261/158145 10.1016/j.tifs.2016.11.001 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000780 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003350 en #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE# info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/613979 Postprint https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2016.11.001 Sí open Elsevier |
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Gut microbiota Microbiome Fiber Fat Diet-related diseases Obesity Gut microbiota Microbiome Fiber Fat Diet-related diseases Obesity |
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Gut microbiota Microbiome Fiber Fat Diet-related diseases Obesity Gut microbiota Microbiome Fiber Fat Diet-related diseases Obesity Benítez-Páez, Alfonso Gómez del Pulgar, Eva M. Kjølbæk, Louise Brahe, Lena Kirchner Astrup, Arne Larsen, LesliHingstrup Sanz Herranz, Yolanda Impact of dietary fiber and fat on gut microbiota re-modeling and metabolic health |
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Background: Scientific evidence suggests that diet plays a role in obesity and its comorbidities, partly via its interactions with the individual's gut microbiota. Likewise, the individual's microbiota influences the efficacy of dietary interventions to reduce body weight. However, we require a better understanding of the key components of the gut microbiota that are responsive to specific diets and of their effects on energy balance in order to use this information in practice.
Scope and approach: This review provides an up-to-date description of the influence of dietary fibers and fat on gut microbiota and the mechanisms presumably mediating their effects on metabolic health. We also discuss the main knowledge gaps and the need to gain greater understanding of the role of diet-microbe interactions in obesity and the associated comorbidities.
Key findings and conclusions: Dietary fibers are major drivers of gut microbiota composition and function, stimulating the dominance of bacteria able to utilize these substrates as energy source, although effects vary depending on both the type of fiber and the individual's microbiota. However, the key bacteria and the primary and secondary metabolic pathways mediating specific fiber-induced effects on the metabolic phenotype remain unclear, and this information is necessary to personalize fiber-based interventions.
The literature also shows that gut microbiota contributes to the adverse consequences of high-fat diets on the metabolic phenotype; however, little is known about the effects of dietary fat type. Further progress is expected from translational approaches integrating controlled dietary intervention human trials, combining functional omics technologies and physiological/clinical endpoints, and mechanistic studies in experimental models. This will ultimately help us to progress towards establishing informed microbiome-based dietary recommendations and interventions, which can contribute to tackling the obesity epidemic and its comorbidities. |
author2 |
European Commission |
author_facet |
European Commission Benítez-Páez, Alfonso Gómez del Pulgar, Eva M. Kjølbæk, Louise Brahe, Lena Kirchner Astrup, Arne Larsen, LesliHingstrup Sanz Herranz, Yolanda |
format |
artículo |
topic_facet |
Gut microbiota Microbiome Fiber Fat Diet-related diseases Obesity |
author |
Benítez-Páez, Alfonso Gómez del Pulgar, Eva M. Kjølbæk, Louise Brahe, Lena Kirchner Astrup, Arne Larsen, LesliHingstrup Sanz Herranz, Yolanda |
author_sort |
Benítez-Páez, Alfonso |
title |
Impact of dietary fiber and fat on gut microbiota re-modeling and metabolic health |
title_short |
Impact of dietary fiber and fat on gut microbiota re-modeling and metabolic health |
title_full |
Impact of dietary fiber and fat on gut microbiota re-modeling and metabolic health |
title_fullStr |
Impact of dietary fiber and fat on gut microbiota re-modeling and metabolic health |
title_full_unstemmed |
Impact of dietary fiber and fat on gut microbiota re-modeling and metabolic health |
title_sort |
impact of dietary fiber and fat on gut microbiota re-modeling and metabolic health |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2016-12-05 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10261/158145 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000780 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003350 |
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